Presented by : John Hughes Engineering Design Manager Dispersant - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Jan 01, 2023 196 likes •348 views

Topic Dispersant Application Engineering Presented by : John Hughes Engineering Design Manager Dispersant Application Engineering Dispersant Basis of Design Solutions The Role of Dispersant Enhance Remove Oil from Disperse oil into

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Topic Dispersant Application Engineering Presented by : John Hughes Engineering Design Manager

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Dispersant Application Engineering Dispersant Basis of Design Solutions

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The Role of Dispersant

Remove Oil from the surface of the water Disperse oil into the water column in low concentrations Enhance biodegradation

f oil

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Isn’t Dispersant A Pollutant?

> When its not dispersing oil > What about when it is dispersing oil?

Environmental Policy makers will make these decisions

based on Net Environmental Benefit Analysis

Yes it can be!

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When we use Dispersant on Oil Spills is it a Pollutant?

> Misses the Target > Wrongly Identified target > Wrong Droplet Size and/or Velocity Dispersant doesn’t make contact with the oil > Weathered Oils > Stable Water in Oil Emulsion Oil is not amenable to dispersant > Incorrect Dispersant to Oil Ratio (DOR) > Incorrect operation of spray equipment More dispersant is applied than is necessary

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The Basis of Dispersant Application Engineering Targeting Droplet Size & Velocity Window of Opportunity Dosing

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What Platforms Can We Use?

Dedicated Vessels Adapted Vessels Vessels of Opportunity Helicopters Fixed Wing Aircraft

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Targeting

Spray Arms Single Point Spray Nozzles AFEDO™ Slung Helicopter Spray Systems STRATUS Fixed Wing Aerial Spray Systems NIMBUS

Considerations

Fragmented Spills Weather Vessel/Aircraft Handling Operator Training

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Droplet Size & Velocity

Spray Arms, Fixed Wing, Helicopter

> Nozzles with known droplet size characteristics > Low pressure nozzles maintain low droplet velocity

AFEDO™

> Slightly less accurate, trade off with flexibility and speed

Considerations Pump Flow to suit nozzles Pump Flow rate must be measured

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Window of Opportunity

Between a few hours and a few days

Aerial Spraying Vessels of opotunity

If we don’t arrive and start spraying in time dispersant will NOT be effective

Vessels on Standby

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Dosing

The “ISO 9001” Oil Spill, 100m x 0.1mm Thick Equates to 1000L

DOR = 1:10 Dispersant Vol = 100L DOR = 1:20 Dispersant Vol = 50L

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Application Rate

100L per Hectare Flow Rate Vessel Speed Swath Width

BOATSPRAY 200-8AL

Vessel speed in knots Vessel speed in m/min Neat Spraying Discharge Rate (LPM) Dilute Spraying Discharge Rate (LPM) 8AL Swath Width (m) Neat Application Rate (Yellow Nozzle) (Lts/Hect.) Neat Application Rate (Black Nozzle) (Lts/Hect.) Dilute Application Rate (10LPM) (Lts/Hect) Dilute Application Rate (20LPM) (Lts/Hect) Dilute Application Rate (30LPM) (Lts/Hect) Dilute Application Rate (40LPM) (Lts/Hect) Dilute Application Rate (50LPM) (Lts/Hect) Dilute Application Rate (60LPM) (Lts/Hect) Area Treatment Rate (km2/hr)

2 62 120 160 20 968 1290 81 161 242 323 403 484 0.07 4 124 120 160 20 484 645 40 81 121 161 202 242 0.15 6 186 120 160 20 323 430 27 54 81 108 134 161 0.22 8 248 120 160 20 242 323 20 40 60 81 101 121 0.30 10 310 120 160 20 194 258 16 32 48 65 81 97 0.37 12 372 120 160 20 161 215 13 27 40 54 67 81 0.45 14 434 120 160 20 138 184 12 23 35 46 58 69 0.52

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Which Equipment Should We Use?

> When Possible use most Accurate

Small swath
Droplet Size

> When Necessary use Fastest

Fast Transit to Spill
Large Swath
Large Dispersant Capacity

Each Type has its strengths…

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