Presentation for the Research Network for Refugee Health Troms - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

▶
presentation for the research network for refugee health
SMART_READER_LITE
LIVE PREVIEW

Presentation for the Research Network for Refugee Health Troms - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Sep 18, 2023 229 likes •590 views

Presentation for the Research Network for Refugee Health Troms University ANNABELLE BTTCHER 5.2.2018 CENTER FOR MELLEMOSTLER STUDIER INSTITUTE FOR HISTORIE SYDDANSK UNIVERSITET ODENSE BOTTCHER@SDU.DK 1 What happens, when Muslim

slide-1
SLIDE 1

1

ANNABELLE BÖTTCHER CENTER FOR MELLEMOSTLER STUDIER INSTITUTE FOR HISTORIE SYDDANSK UNIVERSITET ODENSE BOTTCHER@SDU.DK

Presentation for the Research Network for Refugee Health Tromsø University 5.2.2018

slide-2
SLIDE 2

2

Ø What happens, when Muslim actors (patients/physicians/nurses) from the Middle East interact with the Danish health system? Ø What role does Islamic/Middle Eastern culture/religion play? Ø What concepts about body and space might be relevant during these encounters (clinic/hospital)?

Annabelle Böttcher, SDU, Odense, Denmark 5.2.2018

slide-3
SLIDE 3

3 Annabelle Böttcher, SDU, Odense, Denmark 5.2.2018

Dietrich Jung, CCMES, History, SDU Morten Sodemann/Dorthe Nielsen, Global Health/MigrantClinic, SDU Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin Institute for Islamic Studies, Free University, Berlin Muslim scholars Muslim health staff Association of Syrian Doctors in Germany

SDU EXTERNAL OTHERS

slide-4
SLIDE 4

4 Annabelle Böttcher, SDU, Odense, Denmark 5.2.2018

In-depth interviews (interview guideline) with 50-100 male and female MEM patients & experts (medical staff & religious authorities) Interviews last 2-5 hours, Arabic, English, French; Consulting printed sources & social media (Facebook etc.)

slide-5
SLIDE 5

Ø Find out, which interactions go smoothly and where tensions/challenges exist Ø Contribute to successful patient & health staff diversity management by translating the findings into tools Ø Increase patient and health staff satisfaction Ø Save money and time Ø Increase interdisciplinary collaboration between health studies and humanities/ Middle Eastern Studies Ø Publish and contribute to scientific debate

6 Annabelle Böttcher, SDU, Odense, Denmark 5.2.2018

slide-6
SLIDE 6

Influence of MEM culture and religion on Danish/Scandinavian health care increases, because

  • f the
  • 1. increase in number of MEM health actors in

Denmark/Scandinavia

  • 2. Strong social, economic, and political ties with the

Middle East region

  • 3. Strong affinity of this network of health actors for

portable communication devices (smart phones, tabletts, laptops)

7 Annabelle Böttcher, SDU, Odense, Denmark 5.2.2018

slide-7
SLIDE 7

9 Annabelle Böttcher, SDU, Odense, Denmark 5.2.2018

slide-8
SLIDE 8

10 Annabelle Böttcher, SDU, Odense, Denmark 5.2.2018

MEM concepts of body and space management ARE relevant for the Danish/Scandinavian/ European health landscape

  • 1. Space Management:

Ø Gender mixing +2(Arab. ikhtilât) Ø Privacy of mixed gender, gender mixing 2 (Arab. khalwa)

  • 2. Body Management:

Ø Covering of private body parts by male/females in front of strangers (Arab. awra / aura)

  • 6. First Results
slide-9
SLIDE 9

12 Annabelle Böttcher, SDU, Odense, Denmark 5.2.2018

slide-10
SLIDE 10

10 Annabelle Böttcher, SDU, Odense, Denmark 5.2.2018

Ø A „Muslim“ is born a Muslim to a Muslim father or converted to Islam Ø Different degrees of following Islamic dogma (prayer, fasting etc.) / change over time Ø Different degrees of influence of (Muslim) Middle Eastern culture / change over time Ø „Muslim-ness“ is not the only factor defining identity and influencing interactions in the Danish health system. Ø Other factors are gender, age, social class, education etc. Ø Middle Eastern societies, like the Syrian, and Iraqi, are not closed rooms with a consens about religion and culture.

slide-11
SLIDE 11

„Muslim“ women in Denmark

14 Annabelle Böttcher, SDU, Odense, Denmark 5.2.2018

slide-12
SLIDE 12

„Muslim“ men in Denmark

15 Annabelle Böttcher, SDU, Odense, Denmark 5.2.2018

slide-13
SLIDE 13

13 Annabelle Böttcher, SDU, Odense, Denmark 5.2.2018

slide-14
SLIDE 14

14 Annabelle Böttcher, SDU, Odense, Denmark 5.2.2018

Islam is the 2nd biggest religion in Denmark (4%) In 2017; among the eight major countries of origin of immigrants to Denmark, five have a Muslim majority population: Syria (33.616) Turkey (32.606) Iraq (21.383), Bosnia and Herzegovia (17.104) and Iran (15.970)

slide-15
SLIDE 15

15 Annabelle Böttcher, SDU, Odense, Denmark 5.2.2018

slide-16
SLIDE 16

16 Annabelle Böttcher, SDU, Odense, Denmark 5.2.2018

slide-17
SLIDE 17

17 Annabelle Böttcher, SDU, Odense, Denmark 5.2.2018

slide-18
SLIDE 18

18 Annabelle Böttcher, SDU, Odense, Denmark 5.2.2018

slide-19
SLIDE 19

19

Space Management

in Middle Eastern Muslim Culture in Denmark

Interplay between visibility in space by

  • thers, number of people

present, gender and family relation Boundaries not static, shifting

slide-20
SLIDE 20

PROBLEMATIC in Middle Eastern Muslim culture: gender-

mixing of 2 non-related, male & female, individuals in closed space

Annabelle Böttcher, SDU, Odense, Denmark 5.2.2018 27

slide-21
SLIDE 21

Ø Taking another person along as a chaperone is vital pillar of Muslim space-management. Ø Often a husband, son or female relative. Ø Rules are clear, but a very widely interpreted.

Annabelle Böttcher, SDU, Odense, Denmark 5.2.2018 30

Strategies

  • f Space

Management

in Middle Eastern Muslim Culture in Denmark

slide-22
SLIDE 22

22 Annabelle Böttcher, SDU, Odense, Denmark 5.2.2018

slide-23
SLIDE 23

Annabelle Böttcher, SDU, Odense, Denmark 5.2.2018

UNPROBLEMATIC

gender-mixing of 3+ non-related male & female

in closed space

32

slide-24
SLIDE 24

Woman with a chaperone (mahram) in a clinic in Lebanon/Syria/Tur key

Annabelle Böttcher, SDU, Odense, Denmark 5.2.2018 31

slide-25
SLIDE 25

Annabelle Böttcher, SDU, Odense, Denmark 5.2.2018

UNPROBLEMATIC

gender-mixing of 3+ non-related male & female

in closed space

28

slide-26
SLIDE 26

Annabelle Böttcher, SDU, Odense, Denmark 5.2.2018 33

slide-27
SLIDE 27

Ø As a rule most Muslim women are aware of the gender-mixing with one unrelated man alone in a closed room (male doctor- female patient, female doctor- male patient). Ø It is usually the cause of unease and discomfort. Ø Strategies vary and deal with the space (keep door open, have a glass front/window etc.) or with the individuals in it (take a chaperone along).

Annabelle Böttcher, SDU, Odense, Denmark 5.2.2018 29

First Results Space Management

in Middle Eastern Muslim Culture in Denmark

slide-28
SLIDE 28

Intimate parts of the male and female body are called in Arabic aura / awra. They need to be covered in front

  • f strangers, unless there is a

pressing need (Arab. darûra), like a medical emergency. The pressing need (Arab. darûra) is subject to interpretation.

Annabelle Böttcher, SDU, Odense, Denmark 5.2.2018 37

Body Management

in Middle Eastern Muslim Culture in Denmark

slide-29
SLIDE 29

Intimate parts

  • f the body of

the nubile male (male aura): from navel to the knee

Annabelle Böttcher, SDU, Odense, Denmark 5.2.2018 38

slide-30
SLIDE 30

Intimate Parts of the body of the nubile woman (female aura): entire body, except the palms

  • f her hands, her

feet, and her face

Annabelle Böttcher, SDU, Odense, Denmark 5.2.2018 39

slide-31
SLIDE 31

Ø All interviewees were aware

  • f the concept.

Ø Relevance is gendered, meaning it is more relevant for females than males. Ø Correlation between tension and covered surface. Ø Source of much unease, possibly tension.

Annabelle Böttcher, SDU, Odense, Denmark 5.2.2018 40

Body Management

in Middle Eastern Muslim Culture in Denmark

slide-32
SLIDE 32

Annabelle Böttcher, SDU, Odense, Denmark 5.2.2018 41

Religious (non- binding) edict (fatwa) from a Danish (Moroccan) Muslim scholar about the permissibility of short sleeves for female staff working in Danish health services

slide-33
SLIDE 33

33

Example: High number of cesarian sections for Syrian women in Denmark Hypothesis: Women do not want to be exposed with uncovered aura in gender- mixed birth-rooms.

Annabelle Böttcher, SDU, Odense, Denmark 5.2.2018

Body Management

in Middle Eastern Muslim Culture in Denmark

slide-34
SLIDE 34

Annabelle Böttcher, SDU, Odense, Denmark 5.2.2018 43