Population Ageing in Asia-Pacific: challenges and opportunities - - PDF document

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Population Ageing in Asia-Pacific: challenges and opportunities - - PDF document

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04/03/2019 Population Ageing in Asia-Pacific: challenges and opportunities Sabine Henning, Ph.D. Chief Sustainable Demographic Transition Section Social Development Division 1st COUNCIL ON AGEING Ankara, Turkey, 20-22 February 2019 1

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Population Ageing in Asia-Pacific: challenges and opportunities

Sabine Henning, Ph.D.

Chief Sustainable Demographic Transition Section Social Development Division 1st COUNCIL ON AGEING Ankara, Turkey, 20-22 February 2019

Older persons: many faces of one of the major achievements of development

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Population ageing: a major achievement of development

(total fertility and life expectancy at birth, world, 1950-2050) 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Years Life births per woman (aged 15-49) Total fertility (births per woman 15-49) Life expectancy at birth (years)

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2017). World Population Prospects: The 2017 Revision - Special Aggregates, DVD Edition; United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2017).

Population ageing: facts and figures (1)

(total number of older persons, regions of the world, 1950-2050)

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2017). World Population Prospects: The 2017 Revision - Special Aggregates, DVD Edition; United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2017).

  • 0.1

0.1 0.3 0.5 0.7 0.9 1.1 1.3

Population 60 years or over (millions)

Africa Asia Europe Latin America and the Caribbean Northern America Oceania

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Population ageing: facts and figures (2)

total (percentage of older persons, regions of the world, 1950-2050)

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2017). World Population Prospects: The 2017 Revision - Special Aggregates, DVD Edition; United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2017).

5 10 15 20 25 30 35 Population 60 years or older as percentage of total population Africa Asia Europe Latin America and the Caribbean Northern America Oceania

15 20 20 25 25 26 45 45 45 53 65 69 73 85 115

Singapore (2000-2015) Republic of Korea (2000-2020) China (2005-2025) Brazil (2010-2035) Turkey (2010-2035) Japan (1970-1996) Poland (1966-2011) Spain (1947-1992) United Kingdom (1930-1975) Hungary (1944-1994) Canada (1944-2009) United States (1944-2013) Australia (1938-2011) Sweden (1890-1975) France (1865-1980)

Years

The speed of population ageing is rapid in countries in Asia-Pacific (number of years required or

expected for percent of population aged 65 or over to rise from 7 to 14 per cent)

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2017). World Population Prospects: The 2017 Revision - Special Aggregates, DVD Edition; United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2017) and US Census Bureau (2009). An Ageing World: 2008.

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Population ageing: a major achievement of development

(total fertility and life expectancy at birth, Asia-Pacific, 1950-2020) 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 1 2 3 4 5 6

1950-1955 1955-1960 1960-1965 1965-1970 1970-1975 1975-1980 1980-1985 1985-1990 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 2005-2010 2010-2015 2015-2020 2020-2025 2025-2030 2030-2035 2035-2040 2040-2045 2045-2050 2050-2055

Years Life births per woman (aged 15-49)

Total fertility (births per woman 15-45) Life expectancy at birth (years)

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2017). World Population Prospects: The 2017 Revision - Special Aggregates, DVD Edition; United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2017).

  • 10
  • 5

5 10

0-4 5-9 10-14 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-89 90-94 95-99 100+

Percentage

Female, 2000 Male, 2000

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2017). World Population Prospects: The 2017 Revision - Special Aggregates, DVD Edition; United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2017).

Population pyramid: Asia-Pacific, 2000

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  • 10
  • 5

5 10

0-4 5-9 10-14 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-89 90-94 95-99 100+

Percentage

Female, 2015 Male, 2015 Female, 2000 Male, 2000

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2017). World Population Prospects: The 2017 Revision - Special Aggregates, DVD Edition; United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2017).

Population pyramids: Asia-Pacific, 2000, 2015

  • 10
  • 5

5 10

0-4 5-9 10-14 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-89 90-94 95-99 100+

Percentage

Female, 2050 Male, 2050 Female, 2015 Male, 2015 Female, 2000 Male, 2000

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2017). World Population Prospects: The 2017 Revision - Special Aggregates, DVD Edition; United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2017).

Population pyramids: Asia-Pacific, 2000, 2015, 2050

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100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000

Number of persons aged 60 years or over (thousands)

All other areas Turkey Ukraine Republic of Korea Viet Nam Thailand Spain Bangladesh Mexico Pakistan United Kingdom France Italy Indonesia Germany Brazil Russian Federation Japan United States of America India China

India USA Japan Russian Federation

Just five countries accounted for half of the world’s population aged 60 years or over in 2017

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2017). World Population Prospects: The 2017 Revision - Special Aggregates, DVD Edition; United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2017).

China

20 40 60 80 100

0-4 5-9 10-14 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80-84 85-89 90-94 95-99 100+

Female Male

Percentage

Women comprise the majority of older persons, Asia-Pacific, 2019 (percentage of older men and

women in the total population by age group)

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2017). World Population Prospects: The 2017 Revision - Special Aggregates, DVD Edition; United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2017).

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  • more likely to live alone
  • less likely to have an

income, own property, have a pension

  • facing problems accessing

services (health, housing etc.)

  • more likely to be subject to

neglect and abuse

Older women are .

51 58 56 63 82 81 89 90 77 78 82 83 76 81 77 81 68 72 68 72 37 49 38 53 31 37 30 36 2000 2015 2000 2015 POPULATION AGED 60 OR OVER POPULATION AGED 80 OR OVER Percentage residing in urban areas World Oceania Northern America Latin America and the Caribbean Europe Asia Africa

The older population is increasingly concentrated in urban areas, 2000 and 2015

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2017). World Population Ageing 2017 (ST/ESA/SER.A/408).

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Madrid International Plan of Action on Ageing (MIPAA)

Global guiding document on population ageing Priority direction:

  • A. Older persons and

development;

  • B. Advancing health and

well-being into old age;

  • C. Ensuring enabling and

supportive environments.

Madrid International Plan of Action on Ageing (MIPAA) - Timeline

1st Review

  • 2007 – 1st Asia-Pacific Review of MIPAA in China: Macao Outcome

Document

  • 2008 – 1st Global Review of MIPAA at the 45th and 46th CSD sessions

2nd Review

  • 2012 – 2nd Asia-Pacific Review of MIPAA in Thailand: Bangkok

Statement

  • 2013 – 2nd Global Review of MIPAA at the 49th CSD session

3rd Review

  • 2017 – 3rd Asia-Pacific Review of MIPAA in Bangkok
  • 2018 – 3rd Global Review of MIPAA at 52nd CSD session

2021/2022 ???? 1982 – Vienna International Plan of Action on Ageing 2002 – Adoption of MIPAA

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  • The 2030 Agenda is a holistic agenda - emphasizing

the need to leave no-one behind

  • MIPAA and the 2030 Agenda are complimentary -

MIPAA provides a more detailed action plan and will support the 2030 Agenda

MIPAA and 2030 Agenda Challenges of population ageing to be addressed by policy options

SDG 1 – no poverty SDG 2 – end hunger SDG 3 – healthy lives at all ages SDG 5 – gender equality for all women SDG 8 – inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work for all SDG 10 – reduce inequalities Goal 11 – sustainable cities

Social protection, including financing Gender equality and empowerment of women Non-discriminiation Accessibility Preventive and long-term health care

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Pension schemes in Asia-Pacific, latest available data

  • Supporting MIPAA review
  • Population ageing an ICTs
  • Capacity-building on

measuring population ageing

  • Active ageing index
  • Capacity-building on

pensions

  • Research and analysis on

levels and trends in population ageing

  • Etc.

What ESCAP is doing

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Population ageing agenda is an agenda for all generations

THANK YOU!

hennings@un.org

WWW.UNESCAP.ORG

UNESCAP UNESCAP UNESCAP UNITEDNATIONSESCAP UNITEDNATIONSESCAP

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