Performance Investigation of Different Large Diameter Water Pipe - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Performance Investigation of Different Large Diameter Water Pipe - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Aug 28, 2023 131 likes •512 views

Performance Investigation of Different Large Diameter Water Pipe Materials Prepared by: Ameya Paradkar, Chandan Venkatesh Pradip Deshmukh, Rahul Manda Tushar Joshi Graduate Students Center for Underground Infrastructure Research and

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Department of Civil Engineering

Performance Investigation of Different Large Diameter Water Pipe Materials

Prepared by: Ameya Paradkar, Chandan Venkatesh Pradip Deshmukh, Rahul Manda Tushar Joshi Graduate Students Center for Underground Infrastructure Research and Education (CUIRE) Director: Dr. Mohammad Najafi, P.E., F. ASCE The University of Texas at Arlington

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Department of Civil Engineering Department of Civil Engineering

Disclaimer

All pipe materials have advantages and limitations, and can deteriorate over time. Many project specific factors,

  • perations and maintenance procedures of a specific utility,

and site and soil conditions around the pipe affect pipe

  • performance. Not all of these factors were considered in

the literature used this presentation, or considered in the limited utility survey responses received. Therefore, this presentation cannot be used as basis for selection or rejection of any specific pipe material, and/or to make any design decisions on a project, which is responsibility of design professionals.

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SLIDE 3

Department of Civil Engineering Department of Civil Engineering

Outline

  • Introduction and Background
  • Pipe Materials
  • Objectives
  • Methodology
  • Results
  • Considerations for pipe material selection
  • Conclusions
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Department of Civil Engineering Department of Civil Engineering

Introduction and Background

  • Water distribution and transmission networks form

essential components of water supply systems

  • Study done by the Center for Underground Infrastructure

Research and Education (CUIRE)

  • Focus is on large diameters (24 in. and larger) for water

applications

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Department of Civil Engineering Department of Civil Engineering

Pipe Materials

  • High-density Polyethylene (HDPE) Pipe
  • Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Pipe
  • Cast Iron Pipe (CIP)
  • Bar-wrapped Pipe
  • Ductile Iron Pipe (DIP)
  • Steel Pipe
  • Prestressed Concrete Cylinder Pipe (PCCP)
  • Other ( Reinforced Concrete, Asbestos Cement)
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Department of Civil Engineering Department of Civil Engineering

Objectives

  • Find details of pipe material inventory in different

diameter ranges (24-in. to 36-in., 42-in. to 48-in., and 54- in., and larger)

  • Identify considerations for not using pipe material
  • Calculate performance of individual pipe material
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Department of Civil Engineering Department of Civil Engineering

Methodology

  • Survey Questionnaire
  • More than 300 surveys sent to U.S. water utilities
  • Data received from water utilities is used to analyze

performance of pipe materials

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Department of Civil Engineering Department of Civil Engineering

Population Served by Water Utilities

250,000 500,000 750,000 1,000,000 1,250,000 1,500,000 1,750,000 2,000,000 2,250,000 2,500,000 2,750,000 3,000,000 3,250,000 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 Population Water Utility

Based on 21 Water Utilities

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Department of Civil Engineering Department of Civil Engineering

Total Length of Water Pipelines

3 8 50 4 21 22 32 19 54 108 101 85 30 160 174 121 260 411 187 332 432 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 Footage (miles) Water Utility

Based on 21 Water Utilities

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Department of Civil Engineering Department of Civil Engineering

Footage of Water System

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 ∑ 24" - 36" 1 26 3 7 22 5 25 4 15 69 2 68 246 42" - 48" 3 8 12 5 2 23 18 24 35 129 54" and Larger 0 8 3 23 3 164 20 36 257 50 100 150 200 250 300 Footage (miles) Water Utility

Based on 21 Water Utilities Pipe Material: PCCP

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Department of Civil Engineering Department of Civil Engineering

Footage of Water System

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 ∑ 24" - 36" 1 1 13 26 9 25 2 0 171 42 19 309 42" - 48" 2 32 17 39 19 8 118 54" and Larger 0 14 12 21 10 21 68 147 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 Footage (miles) Water Utility

Pipe Material: Steel Based on 21 Water Utilities

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Department of Civil Engineering Department of Civil Engineering

Footage of Water System

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 ∑ 24" - 36" 1 2 9 1 1 10 24 42" - 48" 54" and Larger 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 Footage (miles) Water Utility

Pipe Material: PVC Based on 21 Water Utilities

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Department of Civil Engineering Department of Civil Engineering

Footage of Water System

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 ∑ 24" - 36" 2 1 4 42" - 48" 54" and Larger 0 1 1 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 Footage (miles) Water Utility

Pipe Material: HDPE Based on 21 Water Utilities

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Department of Civil Engineering Department of Civil Engineering

Footage of Water System

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 ∑ 24" - 36" 1 8 2 4 19 11 13 7 31 1 3 10 86 23 3 9 0 113 56 399 42" - 48" 2 7 3 1 1 3 5 21 54" and Larger 0 2 1 2 6 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 Footage (miles) Water Utility

Pipe Material: DIP Based on 21 Water Utilities

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Department of Civil Engineering Department of Civil Engineering

Footage of Water System

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 ∑ 24" - 36" 21 18 8 4 5 21 38 3 27 7 61 214 42" - 48" 1 7 2 1 10 54" and Larger 0 12 13 50 100 150 200 250 Footage (miles) Water Utility

Pipe Material: CIP Based on 21 Water Utilities

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Department of Civil Engineering Department of Civil Engineering

Footage of Water System

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 ∑ 24" - 36" 28 40 0 101 0 1 38 207 42" - 48" 5 4 13 13 11 46 54" and Larger 0 3 1 1 5 50 100 150 200 250 Footage (miles) Water Utility

Pipe Material: Bar-wrapped Based on 21 Water Utilities

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Department of Civil Engineering Department of Civil Engineering

Footage of Water System

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 ∑ 24" - 36" 28 40 0 101 0 1 38 207 42" - 48" 5 4 13 13 11 46 54" and Larger 0 3 1 1 5 50 100 150 200 250 Footage (miles) Water Utility

Pipe Material: Other ( Reinforced Concrete, Asbestos Cement) Based on 21 Water Utilities

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Department of Civil Engineering Department of Civil Engineering

Summary

Pipe Material Diameter Range Total Footage (miles) 24” – 36” 42” – 48” 54” and Larger HDPE 4 1 5 PVC 24 24 CI 214 10 12 236 Bar-wrapped 207 46 4 257 DI 399 21 6 426 Other 274 119 63 456 Steel 309 118 146 573 PCCP 246 129 257 632 Total 1,675 444 493 2,612 Based on 21 Water Utilities

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Department of Civil Engineering Department of Civil Engineering

Relationship between Inventory and Age

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 ∑ Less than 25 years old 1 2 2 6 8 0 31 0 20 99170 Between 25 to 50 years old 0 6 3 5 0 36 14 30 6 0 30 0 3116522 39387 Between 50 to 75 years old 0 0 19 4 1 1 0 22 0 25 0 0 72 More than 75 years old 2 2 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 Footage (miles) Water Utility

Pipe Material: PCCP

27 % 61 % 11 % 1%

Based on 21 Water Utilities

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Department of Civil Engineering Department of Civil Engineering

Relationship between Inventory and Age

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 ∑ Less than 25 years old 0 13 0 5 0 21 1 0 34 11 21 0 11116 Between 25 to 50 years old 0 1 0 14 2 0 24 1 0 75 1 1 118 Between 50 to 75 years old 0 1 0 17 8 0 11 1 0 75 28 0 0 28170 More than 75 years old 3 31 0 0 42 29 0 0 29134 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 Footage (miles) Water Utility

Pipe Material: Steel

21 % 22 % 32 % 25 %

Based on 21 Water Utilities

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Department of Civil Engineering Department of Civil Engineering

Relationship between Inventory and Age

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 ∑ Less than 25 years old 1 2 9 1 1 9 0 24 Between 25 to 50 years old 0 Between 50 to 75 years old 0 More than 75 years old 5 10 15 20 25 Footage (miles) Water Utility

Pipe Material: PVC

98 % 2% 0% 0%

Based on 21 Water Utilities

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Department of Civil Engineering Department of Civil Engineering

Relationship between Inventory and Age

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 ∑ Less than 25 years old 2 1 1 5 Between 25 to 50 years old 0 Between 50 to 75 years old 0 More than 75 years old 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 Footage (miles) Water Utility

Pipe Material: HDPE

10 0% 0% 0% 0%

Based on 21 Water Utilities

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Department of Civil Engineering Department of Civil Engineering

Relationship between Inventory and Age

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 ∑ Less than 25 years old 1 8 1 0 14 11 8 7 25 1 0 19 0 54 21 0 6 0 46 39259 Between 25 to 50 years old 0 1 5 5 9 0 11 2 2 3 0 63 26128 Between 50 to 75 years old 0 4 4 More than 75 years old 50 100 150 200 250 300 Footage (miles) Water Utility

Pipe Material: DIP

66 % 33 % 1 % %

Based on 21 Water Utilities

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Department of Civil Engineering Department of Civil Engineering

Relationship between Inventory and Age

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 ∑ Less than 25 years old 2 1 4 Between 25 to 50 years old 0 3 6 1 1 7 60 78 Between 50 to 75 years old 0 2 3 5 3 1 13 8 2 1 0 38 More than 75 years old 0 19 0 0 16 0 2 1 0 48 2 26 0 0 114 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 Footage (miles) Water Utility

Pipe Material: CIP

2 % 33 % 16 % 49 %

Based on 21 Water Utilities

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Department of Civil Engineering Department of Civil Engineering

Relationship between Inventory and Age

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 ∑ Less than 25 years old 0 11 0 0 27 0 1 4 44 Between 25 to 50 years old 0 0 36 0 0 28 0 0 61 0 2 0 48175 Between 50 to 75 years old 0 3 0 23 0 5 0 30 More than 75 years old 1 9 0 10 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 Footage (miles) Water Utility

Pipe Material: Bar-wrapped

17 % 68 % 11 % 4 %

Based on 21 Water Utilities

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Department of Civil Engineering Department of Civil Engineering

Relationship between Inventory and Age

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 ∑ Less than 25 years 0 24 0 13 2 40 Between 25 to 50 years 9 1 5 24 0 59 3 102 Between 50 to 75 Years 0 9 1 5 45 0 56 0 117 More than 75 years 0 23 0 0 95 0 11 0 129 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 Footage (miles) Water Utility

Pipe Material: Other ( Reinforced Concrete, Asbestos Cement, etc.)

10 % 27 % 30 % 33 %

Based on 21 Water Utilities

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Department of Civil Engineering Department of Civil Engineering

Summary

Pipe Material Inventory (miles) Total Inventory (miles) Less than 25 years old Between 25 to 50 years old Between 50 to 75 years old More than 75 years old Unknown Age HDPE 5 5 PVC 24 24 CI 4 78 38 115 2 237 Bar-wrapped 44 175 30 10 258 Other* 40 102 117 128 71 457 DI 259 128 4 34 426 Steel 116 118 170 134 37 574 PCCP 170 387 72 2 1 632 Total 661 988 430 389 145 2,612

Based on 21 Water Utilities

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Department of Civil Engineering Department of Civil Engineering

Considerations – PCCP

  • Requires welder and contractor to perform repairs

causing delay to get pipe back in service

  • More susceptible to damage during installation
  • Not economical

Based on 21 Water Utilities

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Department of Civil Engineering Department of Civil Engineering

Considerations – Steel

  • High water table
  • Not economical
  • Difficult to tap or repair
  • Unfamiliar with the pipe material and its usage

Based on 21 Water Utilities

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Department of Civil Engineering Department of Civil Engineering

Considerations – PVC

  • Not suitable for high pressure and volume
  • Not approved for large diameter

Based on 21 Water Utilities

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Department of Civil Engineering Department of Civil Engineering

Considerations – HDPE

  • Hard to handle and install for 24” and larger pipe size
  • Cost
  • Thermal coefficient
  • Difficult to repair

Based on 21 Water Utilities

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Department of Civil Engineering Department of Civil Engineering

Considerations – DIP

  • Corrosive soil conditions

Based on 21 Water Utilities

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Department of Civil Engineering Department of Civil Engineering

Considerations – CIP

  • Corrosion
  • System age
  • High cold weather failure rates
  • No longer manufactured

Based on 21 Water Utilities

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Department of Civil Engineering Department of Civil Engineering

Considerations – Bar-wrapped

  • Not approved pipe material for diameters greater than

42”

  • New to our department
  • Not economical

Based on 21 Water Utilities

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Department of Civil Engineering Department of Civil Engineering

Performance of Pipe Materials

Pipe Material Number of Failures Total Length (in miles) Performance (per 100 miles) Other 4 50 8 PVC 2 22 9 Bar-wrapped 35 258 14 DI 38 270 14 PCCP 92 613 15 Steel 110 574 19 CI 57 200 29 HDPE 5 Not Available

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Department of Civil Engineering Department of Civil Engineering

Conclusions

  • A total of 21 water utilities serving a population of

13,892,502 having a combined footage of 2,611 miles for 24-in. and larger diameter sizes

  • A total of 64% out of 2,611 miles is in between 24-in to

36-in. diameter range, 17% for 42-in. to 48-in. and remaining 19% for 54-in. and larger

  • The maximum inventory for all 21 water utilities is in

between 25 to 50 years of age which is 38% followed by less than 25 years of age which is 25%, between 50 to 75 years of age 17% and for more than 75 years of age 15%

Based on 21 Water Utilities

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Department of Civil Engineering

Thank You!!! For more information: Center for Underground Infrastructure Research and Education (CUIRE)

Phone: 817-272-9177 E-mail: cuire@uta.edu Website: www.cuire.org