Past 10-15 kya of human evolution -Transition: from hunter-gatherers - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
▶
SMART_READER_LITE
LIVE PREVIEW
Past 10-15 kya of human evolution -Transition: from hunter-gatherers - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Sep 04, 2023 293 likes •493 views
Past 10-15 kya of human evolution -Transition: from hunter-gatherers to agriculture -Population size went from millions to billions -Began living in socially-stratified sedentary populations 1 Past 10-15 kya of human evolution Sedentism: living
SLIDE 1
Transition: from hunter-gatherers to agriculture
Population size went from millions to billions
Began living in socially-stratified sedentary populations
1
Past 10-15 kya of human evolution
SLIDE 2
Sedentism: living in large, stationary communities Domestication: converting wild plants/animals into forms humans can cultivate
2
Past 10-15 kya of human evolution
SLIDE 3
Modern humans: highly-generalized; behaviorally flexible Maladaptations: adaptations benefitting our ancestors create health, diet, and lifestyle challenges today
Ex. Ability to store fat
3
Our evolutionary history affects us today
SLIDE 4
Nutritional adaptations: drastic changes to diet in the last 10 ky Preagricultural diet
More variation in foods but uncertain access
High: animal protein, complex carbs, and calcium
Low: saturated fat and salt
4
Our evolutionary history affects us today
SLIDE 5
Modern diet
Stable access to food but reduced variety of food types
High: saturated fat, simple carbs, sugar, and sodium
Nutritional deficiency diseases
Disorders associated with obesity
Ex. Type II diabetes
Reduced/poor diet combined with infrequent exercise make
past nutritional adaptations maladaptive
5
Our evolutionary history affects us today
SLIDE 6
Human life cycle stages = nonhuman primates but with added
complexity
Stages are marked by biological transitions
Ex. Birth and puberty
6
Life cycle stages
SLIDE 7
Senescence: decline in physiological functioning (aging)
Relatively longer lifespan
Humans living longer today due to
increased standards of living
7
Aging
SLIDE 8
Marked by ritual/celebration
Change in social status
Ex. Menarche: girl's first menstruation
Ex. Menopause: end of menstruation in women over 50
8
Biological transitions between stages are culturally marked
SLIDE 9
Only humans have childhood and postreproductive stage
9
Life-cycle stages in humans
SLIDE 10
Childhood: stage between weaning and puberty
Uniquely long in humans
Key to learning in humans
Brain develops in stimulating cultural context
Post-reproductive stage Grandmother hypothesis: postmenopausal females provide high-quality care for grandchildren
10
Life-cycle stages in unique to humans
SLIDE 11
Question: What will humans look like in a thousand years? Answer: Probably the same… Question: What will humans look like in a million years? Answer: I do not know. Do know:
Biological constraints
History of all life on Earth...
11
Can we predict future human evolution?
SLIDE 12
Our increasing population impacts the planet the most
12
Human population growth
SLIDE 13
13
Ch. 14
SLIDE 14
14
The future of human evolution?
SLIDE 15
Dramatic climatic changes caused by increased greenhouse
gases in the atmosphere heat up the Earth Fossil fuels release CO2 which traps heat Acidification of oceans from excess CO2 decreases pH levels Deforestation reduces excess CO2 absorption
15
Global warming impact sourced to humans
SLIDE 16
Scientific consensus
Global warming occurs
Human activity contributes to it
Human increasing population size
Most important reason our impact on the planet
has been so great
16
Climate change and humans
SLIDE 17
Our increasing populations impacts the planet the most
17
Human population growth
SLIDE 18
Rising sea levels
Extinction of plants and animals
Infectious diseases increase (malaria, dengue, and yellow
fever)
Ex. temperature increase results in mosquito population
