SLIDE 1 INVASIVE WEED IN EAST AFRICA
PARTHENIUM HYSTEROPHORUS
Hannah Hacker Travis Silveus Emmalee Allen Alyssa Barrett
Charles Bonaventure
SLIDE 2 OUR COMPETITOR: Parthenium hysterophorus
7th most devastating weed in Africa, Asia and Australia From germination to flowering is roughly 4 weeks and can continue flowering for 6-8 months in favorable conditions Each plant produces about 25,000 seeds and seeds last several years in the soil Plant is allelopathic:
- germination and radical growth
inhibitor
- effects nodulation of legumes
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Parthenium hysterophorus
Rosette Mature
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CARROT
SLIDE 7 AGRICULTURAL IMPACTS
Farmland invasion: In Ethiopia, farmers saw a loss of between 40-97% in sorghum yield if left uncontrolled Alternate host for pests and diseases
SLIDE 8 Crop Suppression
Maize without Parthenium Maize with Parthenium
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Crops
Beans Maize
SLIDE 10 ECOLOGICAL IMPACTS
Reduces biodiversity
- pushes out other more favorable vegetation
- rosettes act as a carpet smothering the ground
Impacts grazing areas for both wildlife and domestic livestock in Australia, 170,000 km2 of prime grazing land were impacted causing an economic loss of $16.8 million (35.2 billion TSh) per year in the pasture industry and a decrease in stock rates by 80%
SLIDE 11 Impact on Livestock
Toxic to livestock Can cause dermatitis/ skin lesions If eaten, can cause mouth ulcers and excessive salivation Taints the taste of meat and milk May be fatal if consumed as a significant part of the livestock’s diet (10-50%)
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SLIDE 14 CONTINUED STUDY
Several animals that have passed away here in Arusha were suspected to be resulting from
samples were taken to TPRI a toxicology report
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Local Testimonies
Njiro, 27 July 2016
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Impacts on People
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Impacts on People
Pollen, dried plant parts, and roots of parthenium cause various allergies like contact dermatitis, hay fever, asthma, and bronchitis in human beings.
SLIDE 19 CONQUERING PARTHENIUM
Be aware
- Be able to identify and know our
competitor
Wind, water, machinery, feeds, human and animal movements
Take care of the land Parthenium enters through disturbed areas:
avoid overgrazing, implementing good practices and preventing erosion
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DRESSING???
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CONQUERING PARTHENIUM
Physical controls Biological controls- to be discussed by TPRI/CABI Chemical controls- to be discussed by TPRI/CABI
SLIDE 25 Physical Control
Pull and uproot Parthenium before flowering Wear protective clothing
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INVOLVE MEDIA
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Chemical controls
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CONQUERING PARTHENIUM
Integrated Pest Management (IPM) A combination of strategies is the best mode for winning the struggle with Parthenium
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Local Removal & Community Mobilization
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Community Education
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WORKS CITED
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