Parents & Prevention Delaying Initiation and Reducing Teen - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Parents & Prevention Delaying Initiation and Reducing Teen Marijuana Use Rick Kosterman, Kevin P. Haggerty, Jennifer A. Bailey, Richard F. Catalano, and J. David Hawkins Social Development Research Group Symposium on Legal Marijuana in Washington: Shaping a Research Agenda, November, 2013 1

Parents & Prevention of Teen Marijuana Use Four Takeaways:  Prevention should start early  Important risk factors will likely increase  Parents need information & tools  Public health campaign is overdue & should start now 2

Parents & Prevention of Teen Marijuana Use  Prevention should start early pubs.niaaa.nih.gov 3

Prevention Should Start Early  Early initiation is strongly associated with negative outcomes  Extensive research on alcohol & tobacco shows that early initiation is a key mechanism for later problems  Early initiation is an effective focus of public health campaigns 4

Prevention Should Start Early  Research on marijuana also points to risks of early initiation Adults Reporting Illicit Drug Dependence in Past Year 8% 7.2% 6% 4% 2.7% 2% 1.3% 0% 14 or younger 15 to 17 18 or older Age of Marijuana Initiation Source: SAMHSA, 2000 National Household Survey on Drug Abuse 5 (NHSDA).

Parents & Prevention of Teen Marijuana Use  Important risk factors will likely increase www. fastcompany.com 6

Important Risk Factors Will Likely Increase  Legal availability and favorable norms have increased  Parent and peer marijuana use may increase 7

Perceived Harm is Related to Teen Use U.S. Twelfth Graders Reporting Perceived “Great Risk of Harm” and Marijuana Use in Past Month, 1975 -2012 100% 80% Perceived Great Risk of Harm from Regular Use 60% ??? 40% 20% Used in Past Month 0% 6 8 0 2 4 6 8 0 2 4 6 8 0 2 4 6 8 0 2 7 7 8 8 8 8 8 9 9 9 9 9 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Source: Adapted by CESAR from University of Michigan, “The Rise in Teen Marijuana Use Stalls, Synthetic Marijuana Use Levels, and Use of ‘Bath Salts’ Is Very Low,” Monitoring the Future Drug and Alcohol Press Release: Text, Figures, & Tables , December 19, 2012; and Institute for Behavior and Health (IBH), “National Youth Survey Shows Five-Year Increases in Marijuana 8 Use,” IBH Commentary , December 28, 2012.

HYS is Essential Research & Policy Tool  Our state’s Healthy Youth Survey will track availability, norms, & use among teens, pre- and post-legalization  HYS will be of great value to the nation to document changes after marijuana legalization  I- 502 funds HYS … the state should keep this going 9

Parents & Prevention of Teen Marijuana Use  Parents need information & tools childdevelopmentinfo.com 10

Parents are Essential to Prevention  Parents are an important influence on their children’s drug use through high school  Parents can influence their children through their…  Knowledge of the legal age limit  Norms about marijuana use  Parenting practices 11

Do Parents Know the Legal Age for Use? What is the legal age limit for marijuana use? 100% 80% 57% 60% 40% 29% 20% 8% 4% 2% 0% 18 19 21 25 Don't know Nonrepresentative sample of parents of Tacoma 10 th graders N=115. Source: Mason et al., 2013. 12

Parent Norms are an Important Risk Factor  Based on HYS: Children who perceive their parents as having favorable attitudes toward drug use were…  5 times more likely to have tried marijuana by 8 th grade  6 times more likely to be a frequent user by 10 th grade Source: Washington State Division of 13 Behavioral Health and Recovery, 2013

Parenting Practices are an Important Risk Factor  Based on HYS: Children in families with poor family management (unclear expectations, poor monitoring, inconsistent discipline) were…  3 times more likely to be a frequent marijuana user by 10 th grade Source: Washington State Division of Behavioral Health and Recovery, 2013 14

Are Parents Discussing the Law with Their Children? 80% 70% What issues did you discuss? 60% 51% 36% 40% 20% 0% Any discussion What is legal and Household rules illegal about marijuana Nonrepresentative sample of parents of Tacoma 10 th graders N=115. Source: Mason et al., 2013. 15

What Parents Need Now Parents need to…  Know the law  Know that risk of teen use will likely increase  Know the best tools to talk with their children…  Set marijuana expectations, monitor & reinforce them 16

Parents & Prevention of Teen Marijuana Use  Public health campaign is overdue & should start now informationcentral0.tripod.com 17

Public Health Campaign is Overdue & Should Start Now  Engage opinion leaders to disseminate a few simple messages  Governor, Physicians, Clergy, School Staff  Know legal limits on marijuana use  Early use is a risk factor for later problems  Parents should set expectations for underage marijuana use 18

What We Need To Do in 2014  Get parents resources & programs  Broad dissemination of prevention messages & resources  (TV, Radio, Internet … link to ADAI)  Make effective parenting programs available  Engage opinion leaders to promote attendance at parenting programs 19

Parents & Prevention of Teen Marijuana Use Four Takeaways:  Prevention should start early  Important risk factors will likely increase  Parents need information & tools  Public health campaign is overdue & should start now 20