OUTLINE OUTLINE Where weve come from: CCSDS space links Where - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
OUTLINE OUTLINE Where weve come from: CCSDS space links Where we are now: Delay Intolerant Networking (the IP suite) The first Delay Tolerant Application (CFDP) Where we are going: Delay Tolerant Networking
– Delay Intolerant Networking (the IP suite) – The first Delay Tolerant Application (CFDP)
– Delay Tolerant Networking (Bundles)
InterPlaNetary Internet (IPN)
Evolution of the terrestrial Internet Evolution of space standards
CCSDS Recommendation for Advanced Orbiting Systems Baselined by Space Station and Ground Network
1970 1980 1990 2000 International Space Station
Extension of Standards for More Complex Space Missions }
Extension of the Terrestrial Internet into Space
NASA Telemetry Standardization NASA/ESA Working Group “Packet” Spacecraft Telemetry and Telecommand
NASA/DOD/CCSDS Space Communications Protocol Standards (CCSDS-SCPS) Project
The Dark Age Of GOSIP
File Transfer: FTAM Transport: TP4 Network: ISO 8473 File Transfer: FTP Transport: TCP Network: IP
02 January, 1996 STRV-1b IP address: 192.48.114.156
Basic Space/Ground Communications Standards for Space Missions }
Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems (CCSDS)
2002: 605 million users
InterPlaNetary Internet (IPN): a long term architecture for a connected Solar System
http://www.dtnrg.org dtn-interest@mailman.dtnrg.org
The Internet is a connected, chatty ‘network of networks’ based on a wired backbone with negligible delay and errors (with untethered “edges” emerging) The InterPlaNetary Internet is a often disconnected, store-and forward ‘network of Internets’ based on a wireless backbone with huge delays and error prone links
Untethered, disconnected Extreme mass/power constraints Mobile, ad-hoc, self organizing
Space missions are increasingly moving from point-to-point to networked architectures
Just like the terrestrial Internet, standardized space networking allows us to build low-cost, reusable infrastructure that can be shared by many diverse space missions
Mars Region 1 Mars Region 2 Mars Orbit Region Terrestrial Region Deep Space Backbone Region
An overlay network for interconnection of regional internets
relevant characteristics of communication are homogeneous
– Communications capability – Quality of Service Peerings – Security (levels of trust) – Degree of resource management – Etc.
will affect the nature of communications
We need a general, standard way to communicate end-to-end through multiple regions in a disconnected, variable-delay environment “The Internet” Deep Space Backbone E n d
n d D i a l
Region Region Region Region Region Region Region Region Region Region
Network IP Network IP Phys 1 Link 1 Link 1 Phys 1 Phys 2 Link 2
The Internet: a Network of Connected Sub-Networks
Phys 2 Link 2 Phys 3 Link 3
App App App App App App
Network IP Transport TCP Network IP Transport TCP Phys 3 Link 3
Subnet 1 Subnet 2 Subnet 3
The “Thin Waist” of the Interplanetary Internet
A “network of internets” spanning dissimilar environments
Bundle
App App App App App App
Bundle Bundle
Phys 1
Transport a
Network a
Link 1 Link 1 Phys 1 Phys 2 Link 2
Network a
Phys 3 Link 3
Network b
Transport b
Phys 2 Link 2
Network a
Transport a
Phys 3 Link 3
Network b
Transport b
Internet a Internet b New protocol development
Possible disconnection
Convergence Layer (specific adapters that map Bundles to underlying transmission services) Bundle Custody Transfer Bundle end-end Reliability Bundle Authentication Bundle Encryption Bundle TBD Services Bundle Segmentation & Reassembly Bundle API
e2e Applications (e.g., Bundle FTP, CFDP, Bundle NTP)
Bundle Routing CCSDS Long-haul Link CCSDS Proximity Link SONET Ethernet IP TCP UDP LTP
CCSDS Space Applications Protocols (CFDP, Messaging, Streaming, etc.)
CCSDS Bundling CCSDS Bundling
Surface Deep Space Backbone Earth Orbiter Free Flyer Constellation
delay tolerant protocol services in support of many diverse applications in highly networked configurations:
– Custody transfer – Segmentation and reassembly – End-to-end reliability – End-to-end security – End-to-end routing – Long-haul link reliability
IPN Architecture (Internet Draft 1) May 2001 Bundle Protocol Specification, Draft1 September 2002 1st.Rough Code August 2000 2nd.Proto.Code May 2002
Specifications Code base
3rd.Proto.Code July 2002 DTN Architecture (Internet Draft 2) August 2002 4th Proto.Code
5th Proto. Code
DTN Architecture (Internet Draft 3) March 2003
Bundle Protocol Specification (Internet Draft 1) March 2003
IPN Bundle Transfer (Internet Draft 1) March 2003
Open Source Release1 Code March 2003
Code available at http://www.dtnrg.org
Delay Tolerant Delay Tolerant Networking Networking Stressed tactical communications Stressed tactical communications
Sensor Sensor Webs Webs
Interplanetary Internet Remote outposts
IPN evolution:
Broader applicability Nearer term utility Larger research community
message-oriented communications
between nodes
cognizant of scheduled connectivity
network technologies appropriate to the environment
protection
Open Architecture Open Specifications Open Implementations
Interplanetary Internet
Fielded DTN Deployments
IRTF DTN Research Group
Public
IPNSIG
Other DTN communities
a broad community effort
http://www.ipnsig.org http://www.dtnrg.org http://www.ccsds.org
Purpose, goals and research issues. The purpose of the project is to contribute to the design and implementation of the general Delay Tolerant Network (DTN) architecture, with special focus on wireless sensor and sensor/actuator networks (SN). The aim of the general DTN architecture is to achieve interoperability between and among challenged networks. Of particular interest for this research proposal is using DTN to achieve interoperability between wireless SNs and the Internet. In practical terms, this means being able to access, operate and control wireless sensor networks through the Internet.
Fielded deployments of DTN technology
DARPA Advanced Technology Office
2003 2004 2005 2002
Delay Tolerant Delay Tolerant Networking Networking
DTN Research Group:
Focal point for DTN
ajh16
04 June, 2003
Internet Sea World region
DTN Satellite G/W
NSF Antarctic region
Satellite terminal
Rover
EarthSat Dryden DC8
Rover
Arctic Mars analog region JPL Control Center (AMMOS/SMOCC)
Future DTN regions DSN Terminal (DTF-21)
Rover
JPL Arroyo: North Mars analog region Deep Space Backbone region
Rover Lander Rover
JPL Mars Yard: South Mars analog region
CCSDS Long-haul
Earth Orbit Relay region
DTN TEST AND DEMONSTRATION INCUBATOR CONCEPT
MarSat
JPL Mesa: Mars Orbit Analog region
Sensor Field Sensor Field Sensor Field Sensor Field Sensor Field
– Static Routing – Implicit notion of Custody
routing + custody transfer will make it more so
the ‘space’ community
and
– Dynamic Routing – Full DTN Custody protocol
layering will make complexity manageable
to other communities
stable CFDP to become an application running over Bundling
BUNDLE
Custody transfer; e2e security, reliability, routing
Convergence Layer (specific adapters that map Bundles to underlying transmission services) Bundle Custody Transfer Bundle end-end Reliability Bundle Authentication Bundle Encryption Bundle TBD Services Bundle Segmentation & Reassembly Bundle API Bundle Routing
CFDP File operations
[CFDP point-to-point reliability]
APPLICATIONS APPLICATIONS
e2e Applications (e.g., Bundle FTP, CFDP, Bundle NTP)
CCSDS Reliable Space Link
CCSDS Long-haul Link CCSDS Proximity Link SONET Ethernet IP TCP UDP LTP
Bundle-Era CCSDS Space Internet Protocol Stack
1
Physical
2
Link
3
Network
4
Transport
7
Application Services Space Applications Modulation
Proximity 1 Space Data Link Protocol
IPSec SCPS-SP Security Protocol FTP, SCPS-FP TCP/UDP SCPS-TP CFDP
Radio Frequency b
TM Space Data Link Protocol
Reed-Solomon Coding BCH Coding Convolutional Coding Turbo Coding TLM Frame Sync. CLTU and PLOPs Onboard PHY
SCPS-NP Space Network Protocol Internet Protocol (IPv4, IPv6)
On- board LLC On- board converg- ence Lossless Data Compression
Applications: Spacecraft Instruments and Subsystems
Space Data Link Security Mechanisms Communications Operation Procedure 1 TC Space Data Link Protocol
AOS Space Data Link Protocol Space Packet Protocol Bundling
MobileIP Key Mgmt RSVP Link Mgmt
Time Constrained Applications
Link ARQ Link ARQ
Delay Tolerant Networking
2007-2012 “Bundling-era” Protocol Scenario CCSDS Bundling
Surface Deep Space Backbone Earth Orbiter Free Flyer Constellation CCSDS Proximity Link and Coding CCSDS UHF; local wired/ wireless CCSDS UHF CCSDS S, X, Ka Band; Optical Local Terrestrial Wired Local Terrestrial Link IP IPSEC TCP, UDP
CCSDS Long-haul Link
IP, CCSDS NP (TCP, UDP) CCSDS Long-Haul Link and Coding
CCSDS Space Link Extension (SLE)
CCSDS NP
CCSDS Link + Physical Security
CCSDS Space Applications Protocols (Packet, CFDP, Messaging, Streaming, etc.)
Long-haul Link ARQ
– Delay Intolerant Networking (the IP suite) – The first Delay Tolerant Application (CFDP)
– Delay Tolerant Networking (Bundles)
ELECTRA 12 dBi UHF MGA 0.5 m X-BAND MGA
GIMBALED RELAY PLATFORM
RELAY RF SUBSYSTEM
LGA SW DIPLEXER SMALL DEEP SPACE TRANSPONDERS X-BAND TRANSMITTERS HGA
DIRECT TO EARTH RF SUBSYSTEM
Ka-BAND TRANSMITTERS S/C COMMAND, DATA HANDLING & MEMORY
OPTICAL EXPERIMENT
A possible Bundle-enabled MTO Communications System
ELECTRA UHF MGA X-BAND MGA
GIMBALED RELAY PLATFORM
RELAY RF SUBSYSTEM LGA S W DIPLEXER SMALL DEEP SPACE TRANSPONDER X-BAND
TRANSMITTERS
HGA DIRECT TO EARTH RF SUBSYSTEM Ka-BAND
TRANSMITTERS S/C C&DH, MEMORY, FILE SYSTEM OPTICAL DEMONSTRATION
BUNDLE BUNDLE RELAY RELAY
A sponsored A sponsored “ “EarthKAM EarthKAM” ”-
style Interplanetary Interplanetary Internet outreach Internet outreach
shows the progressive maturity of DTN technology
role in “the decade of the Interplanetary Network” … to get there we need: