[PDF] - Outline Motivations Scalability with optimal pipeline forwarding PDF Document

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Global Time for Overcoming Internet Challenges: Scalability with Guaranteed Performance Yoram Ofek Universita' di Trento – Italia

IP-FLOW European Project {EC Contract No. 002807}

http://dit.unitn.it/ip-flow/

7th Würzburg Workshop on IP: Joint EuroFGI and ITG Workshop on "Visions of Future Generation Networks" (EuroView2007) July 23rd - July 24th 2007

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EuroView2007

Outline

Motivations

Scalability with optimal pipeline forwarding Networking with performance guarantees Testbed validations Summary

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Motivations

Two primary Internet transitions:

1. From business to home/mobile users

The capacity per home will equal campus capacity

2. From (telecom) broadcast to (all-IP) on-demand:

Triple-any: anyone/anything(any-service)/anytime Global scale: from anywhere to anywhere

Given continuous exponential traffic growth

50-100 folds (faster than “Moore’s Law”), it’s envisioned >95% of traffic will be to home/mobile users

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Motivations

Who will pay?

For 50-100 times larger Internet infrastructure and When >95% of IP traffic is to home users

Given that service providers

will not lose money again …

This requires:

Lower complexity/cost of IP infrastructure

– Using global time from GPS/Galileo/other sources

Increase revenue from deterministic services

– Using global time from GPS/Galileo/other sources

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EuroView2007

Outline

Motivations

Scalability with optimal

pipeline forwarding

Networking with performance guarantees Testbed validations Summary

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Global Time for Network Scalability

[Our Version of Globalization…]

Global time is UTC (coordinated universal time) for

time-driven switching – TDS / FλS

Sub-lambda switching or Synchronous burst/packet switching

Network scalability index definition:

the ratio between the factor of network growth (scalability factor) and the factor of cost increase:

larger the scalability index the better

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Pipelines are deployed to increase efficiency:

Optimal method - independent of a specific realization Factory (automotive) / computers (CPU)

Internet Pipeline thanks: GPS/Galileo/other sources

Time frames as virtual containers for IP packets

Thus, no header processing

Tf accuracy of 1µs is sufficient

Pipeline Forwarding

1 2 1000 Time Cycle0 1 2 1000 Time Cycle 1 1 2 1000 Time Cycle 79

UTC second with 80k Time-frames

Time-of-Day or UTC beginning

f a UTC second

1 beginning

f a UTC second

f

T

f

T

f

T

f

T

f

T

TDS Animation Video with TDS Pipeline

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EuroView2007 N-1 N-1

Switching Fabric N Ports Complexity: NlgN (optimal) s = 1 (optimal)

BW(link)

Computation complexity: O(NlgN) qin = 1 (optimal) s = 1 (optimal) Input port

BW(link)

Input port Scheduling Controller (per time frame 10-100µs) qin = 1 (optimal) s = 1 (optimal)

BW(link) BW(link)

Scalability with Optimal Complexity

Pipeline

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Crosspoint Switches: Vitesse – VSC3040 [144-by-144: 11 Gb/s]

128-by-128 1280 Gbps

1 128

128-by-128 1280 Gbps

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128 1

128-by-128 1280 Gbps

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128

128-by-128 1280 Gbps

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128 1 128 128

Optical Interconnections

Example: 160 Terabit/s Fabric

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Outline

Motivations Scalability with optimal pipeline forwarding

Networking with

performance guarantees

Testbed validations Summary

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Networking with Global Time

No header processing /

no segmentation / no reassembly

1. A small 1MBytes file = 1000 packets
2. A 1GByte file = 1,000,000 packets!

Delay per hop: constant Jitter per hop: zero Loss: none due to congestion

“Bonus”: QoS for streaming media

– [Sort of a “negative option”]

No “stopping” of the serial bit stream

Minimal buffering

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Access Bandiwidth Broker Flows Pipeline forwarding node

SVP (Synchronous Virtual Pipe)

Signaling

SVP for Plurality of Flows

Like VP (virtual pipe) in ATM

r

Like FEC (forwarding equivalent class) in MPLS Setup with GMPLS (TE) (+ time semantic)

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Asynch Network Asynch Network UTC from GPS/Galileo/other sources

Variable delay Variable delay Constant delay Constant delay

TDP router or TDS switch with SVP interface Pipeline Forwarding SVP

SVP Across Synchronous and Asynchronous Domains

Setup with GMPLS (TE) (+ time semantic)

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Pipeline Forwarding Opto-Electronic Switching Fabric (bufferless with speedup of 1) GPS/Galileo/other sources

GPS/Galileo/other sources Alignment Alignment

IP Routing Module

Predefine Scheduling Controller External Data Packet Traffic In/Out Optical Channel Optical Channel Packet Filter Packet Filter

Non- Scheduled Non- Scheduled

SVP with “Best-effort”

with DiffServ

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Outline

Motivations Scalability with optimal pipeline forwarding Networking with performance guarantees

Testbed validations

Summary

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Current testbed: 10 Terabit/s

All off-the-shelf components Using existing (5 years old) Mindspeed M21151

cross-point switches

32-by-32 320 Gbps 1 32 32-by-32 320 Gbps 1 32

1

32-by-32 320 Gbps 1 32 32-by-32 320 Gbps 1 32

1 32 32

Optical Interconnections

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First TDS switch Second TDS switch Streaming Media Source Pipeline forwarding router 25 km Optical Fiber

UTC

GPS/GALILEO Streaming Media Receiver 01

UTC UTC O-E E-O

O-E: Optical-to-Electrical (analog) E-O: Electrical-to-Optical (analog)

1 2

Arbitrary Distance Arbitrary Distance Streaming Media Receiver 02

E-O

Mindspeed Cross-point 21151

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Mindspeed Cross-point 21151

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O-E

Current Testbed Setup

http://dit.unitn.it/ip-flow/

TDS Animation

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Current Testbed with 100 km

Extended Prototype

UTC UTC UTC Streaming Media Source Network Interface GPS/GALILEO Streaming Media Receiver 01 Streaming Media Receiver 02

Node 1

25 km 25 km 25 km

Node 6

25 km

Node 5 Node 2 Node 4 Node 3

E C B

D

A F

A D F E Measurements100 km fiber + 6 switching nodes

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Switch Implementation

Carried out by Ph.D. students in 9 months GPS Receiver FPGA Based Switch Controller Mindspeed Switch Board Mindspeed Switch Board Optical Inter- connect Optical Inter- connect From Network Interface 25km Optical Fiber

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Current Wide Area Testbed

U. of Trento

Politecnico di Torino Politecnico di Milano Construction before August 2006 Testing will start in September 2006

TRENTO TORINO MILANO

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# # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # Ala Dro Ton Avio Arco Nago Mori Revò Brez Taio Cles Malè Pinè Lavis Giovo Tione Storo Denno Lases Sover Borgo Moena Andalo Volano Lasino Preore Tuenno Ossana Dimaro Caldes Cembra Grumes Levico Grigno Tesero Molveno Vezzano Pinzolo Strembo Spiazzo Roncone Condino Ronzone Sanzeno Fornace Bedollo Pergine Mezzano Canazei Terlago Zambana Folgaria Chizzola Bezzecca Cavareno Capriana Novaledo Cavalese Predazzo Carbonare Vermiglio Segonzano Civezzano Besenello Trento sud Mostizzolo Caldonazzo Trento nord Ponte Arche Castelnuovo Commezzadura Villa Agnedo Trento centro Mezzolombardo Rovereto z.i. Pieve di Bono Castel Tesino Canal S. Bovo Riva del Garda Pozza di Fassa Rovereto centro Molina di Ledro Ziano di Fiemme Molina di Fiemme Fiera di Primiero Fai della Paganella

S. Michele all'Adige

Madonna di Campiglio

S. Lorenzo in Banale
S. Antonio di Mavignola
S. Martino di Castrozza

POVO: UNITN in POVO 150m2 TN-S2: TN Secondary Location 50m2

PL1 SL2

TDS TDS Switch/Router Switch/Router Access Point Mobile WiMAX

TN – Trentino Network TDS – Time-driven switches

FIT: Future Internet Testbed

800 km 2 pairs of “dark-fiber”

along the Trentino Network

Wireless: Wi-Fi & WiMAX 6-12 yrs project for

future Internet:

technologies,
applications & services

Continuation of EU funded

IP-FLOW project http://dit.unitn.it/ip-flow

TN-P: TN Primary Location 100m2

Switch/Router Access Point Mobile WiMAX Access Point Mobile WiMAX

FIRE

Interconnection (federation) With open HW/SW

TDS

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Overall FIT Structure

Based on projects: Overlay – services and applications Underlay – networking – data plane Inlay – networking – control plane = production network Sidelay – access: wireless / PON / xDSL / … Various combinations of the above – e.g.,:

– overlay + inlay – inlay + underlay – inlay + sidelay – …

Inlay

Production Network

Overlay Underlay Sidelay

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FPGA GPS PC FPGA FPGA GPS PC FPGA FPGA GPS PC FPGA FPGA GPS PC FPGA

CONFIGURAZIONE CON 4 NODI. 64 SOA 48 SPLITTERS 160 ADATTATORI 4 CONTROLLER

FIT: Experimental All-Optical “Underlay”:

Controlled by the “Inlay” Production Testbed

Sito 1 POVO TN Sito 2 TN-P Sito 3 TN-S1 Sito 4 TN-S2

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Summary

Solving a major scalability problem, namely,

much larger network for much lower cost

Switching (metro/core) bottleneck Access (wireless) link bottleneck Efficient provisioning from T1 to full channel capacity

Base on existing protocols: GMPLS, DiffServ Viable for all-optical networking QoS as a Bonus! (i.e., no additional cost):

Guarantee performance (zero loss, min delay):

Consequently, increase revenue

Extensive on-going testbed activities

With open HW/SW policy