Outcome of the 9 th Regional 3R Forum in Asia and the Pacific The 14 - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

The 14th International Conference on Waste Management and Technology (2019 Global Waste Forum) 21-24 March 2019

Anupam Khajuria Researcher

Outcome of the 9th Regional 3R Forum in Asia and the Pacific

Male 3R Declaration (99 private resorts)

Ha Noi 3R Declaration (2013-2023)

1st Forum Japan 2009

Tokyo 3R Statement Singapore Recommendation

2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development / SDGs

2nd East Asia Summit - Environment Ministers Meeting (EAS EMM), Brunei, 2010 Endorsed Regional 3R Forum in Asia and the Pacific

Surabaya 3R Declaration Adelaide 3R Declaration on Circular Economy Indore 3R Declaration on Clean Water, Land, Air in Cities

2nd Forum Malaysia 2010 3rd Forum Singapore 2011 4th Forum Vietnam 2013 5th Forum Indonesia 2014 6th Forum Maldives 2015 7th Forum South Australia 2016 8th Forum India 2018 9th Forum Thailand 2019

Regional 3R Forum in Asia and the Pacific

Bangkok 3R Declaration Towards Prevention of Plastic Waste Pollution through 3R and Circular Economy

3R for Green Economy 3Rs for Sustainable Cities and Human Settelment (Healthy & Safe) 3Rs for Costal & Marine Ecosystem Needs for Innovative Partnerships 10th Forum the Russian Federation 2020

Ha Noi 3R Declaration ‐ Sustainable 3R Goals for Asia and the Pacific for 2013‐2023

(Adopted at the Fourth Regional 3R Forum in Asia, 18 -20 March 2013, Ha Noi, Viet Nam (300 participants from 30 Asia-Pacific countries)

• aims to provide an important basis and framework for Asia-Pacific countries to voluntarily develop and

implement 3R policies and programs, including monitoring mechanisms, towards transitioning to a resource efficient and zero waste society. Consisting of 33 goals under the following areas: I. 3R Goals in Municipal/Urban areas (4 Goals) II. 3R Goals in Industrial Areas (5 Goals)

• III. 3R Goals in Rural/Biomass Areas (2 Goals)
• IV. 3R Goals for New and Emerging Wastes (5 Goals)

V. 3R Goals for Cross‐cutting Issues – labour, health, education, gender, data and information, etc. (17 Goals)

Major outcome of 4th Regional 3R Forum in Asia and the Pacific

Technologies Resource Efficiency

3R and resource efficiency measures can provide many complimentary benefits in making the cities and societies resilient;

Rural Development Resilient cities and communities Policy transformation

Need for insight to policy transformation towards resource efficient vis-à-vis circular economic development in Asia and the Pacific; Need to harness multiple benefits of circular economic development approach in achieving the SDGs under the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development; Biomass waste in rural economy: 3R programmes and practices can provide circular economy

• pportunities in rural areas of Asia and the Pacific;

3R technologies are key enablers for creating sustainable business

• pportunities towards

economic success of the Asia and the Pacific; 3R and resource efficiency measures can provide many complimentary benefits in making the cities and societies resilient;

Circular Economy Opportunity Triangular Cooperation

Countries need to recognize the importance of triangular cooperation (government-private sector-scientific and research organizations) in advancing 3R research and development (R&D), technology transfer and technology evaluation;

SMEs

Governments need to assist SMEs to integrate resource efficiency in their entire supply chain through appropriate policy, institutional and financial measures and partnership mechanisms;

Towards the Promotion of Circular Economy in Achieving Resource Efficient Societies in Asia and the Pacific under the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development

(Adopted at the Seventh Regional 3R Forum in Asia, 2-4 November 2016, Adelaide, South Australia) (340 participants from 41 Asia-Pacific countries)

Major outcome of 7th Regional 3R Forum in Asia-Pacific

Major outcome of 8th Regional 3R Forum in Asia and the Pacific

Source: Chair’s summary of 7th Regional 3R forum 2016

3Rs and Clean Air 3Rs and Clean Land 3Rs and Clean Water

Resource Security and 3R Technologies

Zero Waste Society Greening SMEs Protection of Coastal and Marine Ecosystem Financing 3R

Potential for resource efficiency and waste minimization Transformati

• n
• f

3R policies and strategies Wealth from waste New business

• pportunity

Environmental good, services and Green jobs 3R infrastructure Eco-industrial parks and Eco- town

Triangular Cooperation

Indore 3R Declaration of Asian Mayors on Achieving Clean Water, Clean Land and Clean Air in Cities

(40 Mayors signed at the Eighth Regional 3R Forum in Asia, 9-12 April 2018, Indore, India (700 participants from 40 Asia-Pacific countries)

Regional 3R Forum in Asia and the Pacific- in Numbers

1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th

Month/ Year Nov. 2009 Oct. 2010 Oct. 2011 Mar. 2013

• Feb. 2014 Aug. 2015

Nov. 2016 Apr. 2018

• Mar. 2019

Venue Tokyo, Japan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Singapore Hanoi, Viet Nam Surabaya, Indonesia Male, Maldives Adelaide, South Australia, Australia Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India Bangkok, Thailand No. Countries 15 15 23 30 33 31 41 40 39 No. Participants More than 100 130 150 300 500 300 340 700 More than 550

Next upcoming 10th Regional 3R Forum in the Russian Federation in 2020

Acts and achievements: Regional 3R Forum

Moving from linear economy to circular economy Linear to Circular economy Moving from negative loop to positive loop

Source: Adapted from United Nations, 2015

The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development Goals

Relevance of 3Rs in 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development/SDGs

Source: Adapted from United Nations, 2015

A circular economy promotes the notion of waste as a resource further, to a systems approach considering how biological and technical materials move throughout the economy.  Decouple economic growth and development  Enables a high standard of living and quality of life.  Conserving finite resources and protecting the environment for future generations.

Ellen MacArthur Foundation.

Transitioning to the circular economy will catalyze the most transformational economic, social and environmental changes since the First Industrial Revolution

http://docs.wbcsd.org/2017/06/CEO_Guide_to_CE.pdf

Circular Economy

Circular Economy : Advantages

Circular Economy focuses on:

 Minimizing the use of resources  Reusing the product, service  Sustainably designing the product and services  Improving the system efficiency  Minimizing the system externalities

Ellen MacArthur Foundation.

Circular Economy generates 4 technological needs:

 advanced collection, sorting and recycling….apps, sensors, robots,..  efficient materials processing….machine learning, artificial intelligence,..  production to support design for circularity….3D printing, disassembly, repairability,..  interactive platforms….apps, websites, databases, IoT,…

Integrating Industry 4.0 for Circular Economy

 The new set of diverse and complex set of technologies are crucial for promoting transition to circular economy at a higher level.  These range from Internet Of Things, 3D printing to Artificial Intelligence and machine to machine computing.

Source: 8th Regional 3R Forum, presentation circular economy and 4.0 industry

Outcome (1.1): Sufficiency Economy Philosophy

Sufficiency Economy Philosophy: Thailand’s Path towards Sustainable Development Goals

“The Philosophy

• f

Sufficiency Economy Seeks to Achieve Balance and Sustainability at All levels”

Agricultural sector: encourages a holistic farm management system Healthy communities: promotes well-being of people, environment, society and culture Climate change: promotes green production and conserving ecosystems Economic stability: encourages risk management becoming resilient to uncertainties Human capacities and capabilities: fosters good business practices, good governance Water resources: highlights the importance of improving water quality, restoring water-related ecosystems Strong government institutions: inspires enlightened leadership and encourages

people-centred development

Partnerships towards sustainable development: is a guiding light at TICA

Outcome (1.2): Sufficiency Economy Philosophy (SEP) for SDGs

Sufficiency Economy Philosophy: Thailand’s Path towards Sustainable Development Goals

Outcome (2.1): Plastic Economy to Circular Economy & SDGs

Five SDGs (SDG 6, 11, 12, 14 and 15) are relevant to reducing the inputs and impacts of waste plastic on terrestrial & marine ecosystem. Coverage: sustainable management

• f

water and sanitation; sustainable consumption and production; inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable use of terrestrial & marine ecosystem while ensuring their protection, restoration & conservation.

Source: 8th Regional 3R Forum, presentation on plastic waste

3R plus renewable principle

• n

plastic materials management through reduce, reuse, separate collection, recycling, and heat recovery with renewable resources. Specifically, economically and technically, it is required to reduce the use of plastics for disposable containers & packaging and products as well as to develop sustainable and effective collection and recycling system for used plastics.

Outcome (2.2): 3R plus Renewable principle-Plastic materials management

Reduce Reuse Recycle Energy Recovery Final Disposal

Hierarchical Measures for Wastes Concept of 3Rs

Source: 8th Regional 3R Forum, pre-event-5th 3RINCs meeting

Japan new `Plastic Resource Circulation Strategy` based on 3R+Renewable

Outcome (3.1): 3R for Reconstruction [from Disaster events]

MoEJ: https://www.env.go.jp/press/files/jp/110165.pdf

Construction Production Energy & Heat Construction materials Recycling materials Compost Timbers Metals

Recycling Disaster Waste

• “Mixed waste” accounts for about 60% of disaster waste
• Resources are sorted and recycled from the mixed waste as much

as possible (wood chips, concrete rubble, scrap metal etc.).

Outcome (3.2): Waste to Energy- SDG 7

Iwate prefecture: http://www.pref.iwate.jp/dbps_data/_material_/_files/000/000/033/746/shishin-low02.pdf

Pellet fuel/ Woodchips Sorted timbers from mixed disaster waste Fuel for domestic heating Boiler and heating systems Senior residences Hospitals Public baths Swimming pools Industries

Goal 7 : Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all  Good utilization

• f

biomass from disaster waste for reconstruction

• f community.

 Sorting wooden biomass from mixed disaster waste.  Using sorted wooden resource for heating energy.

Living well, within environmental limits SDG in a multilevel perspective

Outcome (4): Environmental limits and SDGs

Circular Economy is an enabler for climate policy- Identify and establish global policy framework and create synergies with other policies, including biodiversity, agriculture, energy and climate).

Embedding the Environment in SDGs, criteria for assessing goals and its targets:- (i) Strong linkage of environment with socio-economic developmental goals; (ii) Decoupling

• f

socio-economic development from escalating resource use and environmental degradation; (iii) Coverage

• f

critical issues

• f

environmental sustainability such as important irreversible changes in the global environment; (iv) Take into account current global environmental goals and targets, (v) Scientifically credible and verifiable; and (vi) Progress must be “trackable”.

https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/documents/972embedding-environments-in-SDGs-v2.pdf and https://www.wrforum.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/WRF19_Draft_Conclusions.pdf

State of 3R in Asia and the Pacific

Source: 8th Regional 3R Forum, State of 3R

• Plastic consumption ranges from 0.13% to 0.75% of material

consumption

• Importer of fossil fuel, the feedstock for manufacturing

plastics

• Positive correlation exist between GDP growth rate and

plastic consumption in the region

• Increasing trends of plastic consumption (Packaging 40 – 50

%)

Outcome (5): DPSIR framework related to plastic waste in Asia and the Pacific region

According to the DPSIR framework there is a chain of causal links starting with ‘driving forces’ (economic sectors, human activities) through ‘pressures’ (emissions, waste) to ‘states’ (physical, chemical and biological) and ‘impacts’

• n

ecosystems, human health and functions, eventually leading to political ‘responses’ (prioritization, target setting, indicators).

Source: 8th Regional 3R Forum, report of State of 3R-Plastic report

Drivers

• Increasing population
• Urbanization
• Economic growth

Pressures

• Use of material

resources

• Land use & land quality

changes

• Climate change

State

• State of air, soil, aquatic and

marine ecosystem due to plastic consumption & waste generation Impacts

• Impacts on terrestrial Ecosystem
• Impacts on aquatic & marine

ecosystem

• Health & socio-economic impacts
• Natural capital & ecosystem services
• Climate change

Responses

• Policies, Regulations
• Institutional Aspects

related to plastic waste

 The participating 40 Mayors and local authorities of the 8th Regional 3R Forum signed the voluntary and good-will Indore 3R Declaration on 11 April 2018.  6 Mayors and local authorities of the 9th Regional 3R Forum signed the voluntary and good-will Indore 3R Declaration on 5 March 2019.

Source: 8th Regional 3R Forum 2018 and 9th Regional 3R Forum 2019

Indore 3R Declaration of Asian Mayors on Achieving Clean Water, Clean Land and Clean Air in Cities

• Sound management of 3R
• Circular economic

development

• Sustainable waste

management

• Resource efficiency

Bangkok 3R Declaration Towards Prevention of Plastic Waste Pollution through 3R and Circular Economy

 Identify gaps in existing laws and institutions and regulations Reinforce the ongoing 3R and sustainable waste management actions and measures  Develop effective 3R policies and programmes Upscale the reusing and the recycling towards circular economic utilization  Support various innovative solutions and necessary research and development programmes Promote greening the supply chain and multi-use alternatives; and Promote environment friendly bio-economy Promote multilayer collaboration Public-private-partnership (PPP) in order to implement various 3R programmes towards prevention and proper management of plastic waste Attach significance of 3R and circular economy Important role of private, business and industry sectors in mainstreaming 3R as Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR)

Source: 8th Regional 3R Forum, Bangkok 3R Declaration

 Prevention of Plastic Waste Pollution  Promotion of 3R and Circular economy

Thank you very much!