GRid-Connected Advanced Power Electronic Systems NSF Center for GRid-connected Advanced Power Electronic Systems (GRAPES) GR-17-13 SiC Medium Voltage Motor Drive for Volt-VAR Optimization Roy McCann, Alan Mantooth, Haider Mhiesan Semi-Annual Meeting May 23-24, 2017 Confidential – Semi-Annual Meeting May 2017
Project Overview 2 GRid-Connected Advanced Power Electronic Systems Anticipated Project Dates: Start: 7/1/2017 Finish Year 1: 6/30/2018 PI: Roy McCann Co-PI Alan Mantooth Research Assistant: Haider Mhiesan (PhD student) Overall Project Budget Year 1 Budget: Research Assistant: $1800/month ($21.6 K/year) Materials and Supplies: $7200 Confidential – Semi-Annual Meeting May 2017
Project Overview 3 GRid-Connected Advanced Power Electronic Systems Overall Project Budget Year 1 Budget: Research Assistant Tuition: $2586 Undergrad Hourly: $2400 Domestic travel: (GRAPES meetings, IEEE conferences) Year 1 Budget Total: $36,186 Year 2 Budget: Same assistantship, tuition, travel expenses. Increased material costs for SiC modules: 10 kV SiC availability. Confidential – Semi-Annual Meeting May 2017
Introduction 4 GRid-Connected Advanced Power Electronic Systems There are increasing challenges in the operation of electric power systems due to expanding capacity from renewable energy sources. • Introduction of distributed energy resources and microgrids. Volt-VAR Optimization (VVO) and Conservation Voltage Reduction (CVR) for demand side management programs as tools in balancing load with variable energy sources. Confidential – Semi-Annual Meeting May 2017
5 Volt/VAR Control & Optimization GRid-Connected Advanced Power Electronic Systems Volt-VAR control (VVC) applied to electric distribution systems. Purpose of VVC is to maintain acceptable voltage at all points along the distribution feeder under all loading conditions. Image: EPRI www.epri.com/Documents/Summer_Seminar_2014 Confidential – Semi-Annual Meeting May 2017
6 VVC Example GRid-Connected Advanced Power Electronic Systems Normal Operation = 7-23-10 @4:44pm Volt / Var Control Operating = 7-24-10 @4:44pm EOL 55 REG 2 CAP 4 CAP 3 CAP 1 CAP 2 REG 1 Substation Normal Operation With VVC 126.0 124.0 122.0 120.0 118.0 116.0 Image & Reference: AEP Presentation SWEDE Conference Austin, TX May 2013. Confidential – Semi-Annual Meeting May 2017
Transformerless MV Drive VVO/CVR 7 GRid-Connected Advanced Power Electronic Systems Revisions to (amended) IEEE 1547a allows for active voltage control from inverter-based distributed generation. • Trend towards coordination in distribution automation systems with digital communication technologies for direct communication between utility providers and electricity users. This project develops a transformerless MV motor drive that is capable of responding to VVO/CVR commands. • When widely deployed this provides capability to maximize the benefits of VVO/CVR programs. Confidential – Semi-Annual Meeting May 2017
8 Drive Configuration GRid-Connected Advanced Power Electronic Systems MV Grid Interface Monitoring and control Confidential – Semi-Annual Meeting May 2017
Prior Development 9 GRid-Connected Advanced Power Electronic Systems At distribution (medium voltage) levels there are methods for implementing VVO methods using tap- changing transformers and switched capacitor banks. • Existing implementation of VVO/CVR programs rely upon substation SCADA communications such as IEC 61850 Active VVO/CVR for large industrial have been explored: B. Le, Cañizares and Bhattacharya, "Incentive Design for Voltage Optimization Programs for Industrial Loads," IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, vol. 6, no. 4, July 2015. Confidential – Semi-Annual Meeting May 2017
Development Method 10 GRid-Connected Advanced Power Electronic Systems A three-phase back-to-back motor drive will be developed that provides variable VAR support at the utility interface. • Leverages prior development of static VAR compensators (SVC) with a voltage source converter. • The results for a single-phase converter will be expanded to three-phases: Isobe, D. Shiojima, K. Kato, Y. R. R. Hernandez and R. Shimada, "Reactive Power Compensator With Minimized-Equipped Capacitor and Its Application to Static Var Compensator," in IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 31, no. 1, pp. 224-234, Jan. 2016. Confidential – Semi-Annual Meeting May 2017
Year 1 Development 11 GRid-Connected Advanced Power Electronic Systems Develop a transformerless circuit topology and control. • Problem of CM voltage [Kumar and Poddar, "Control of Medium- Voltage AC Motor Drive for Wide Speed Range Using Modular Multilevel Converter," IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics , vol. 64, no. 4, April 2017.] Confidential – Semi-Annual Meeting May 2017
12 Common Mode Voltage GRid-Connected Advanced Power Electronic Systems Motor phase voltage line-neutral Motor phase voltage line-ground [Kumar and Poddar, "Control of Medium-Voltage AC Motor Drive for Wide Speed Range Using Modular Multilevel Converter," IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics , vol. 64, no. 4, April 2017.] Confidential – Semi-Annual Meeting May 2017
13 Conventional Solution GRid-Connected Advanced Power Electronic Systems Develop a transformerless circuit topology and control. • Problem of CM voltage [Mechlinski, Schröder, Shen and De Doncker, "Common-mode voltage limits for the transformerless design of MV drives to prevent bearing current issues," 2016 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE) , Milwaukee, WI, 2016] Confidential – Semi-Annual Meeting May 2017
14 SVPWM for CM Reduction GRid-Connected Advanced Power Electronic Systems CM reduction through SVPWM for transformerless medium voltage motor drive: Bin Wu; Mehdi Narimani, "Transformerless MV Drives," High-Power Converters and AC Drives, Wiley-IEEE Press, 2017 Confidential – Semi-Annual Meeting May 2017
15 3-Level SiC NPC Inverter GRid-Connected Advanced Power Electronic Systems 3-Level NPC Inverter: Implementation with SiC MOSFETs Confidential – Semi-Annual Meeting May 2017
Converter Development 16 GRid-Connected Advanced Power Electronic Systems A transformerless SiC 3L-NPC converter will be developed leveraging previous GRAPES projects: • GR-16-02 “High Step -Up/Down Resonant SiC Transformerless Modular Multilevel Converter” • GR-17-03 “ SiC-Based Direct PE Interface for Battery Energy Storage System into Medium Voltage Distribution System” Confidential – Semi-Annual Meeting May 2017
Benefits 17 GRid-Connected Advanced Power Electronic Systems Development of a transformerless VVO/VFD will enable increased use of demand response programs while providing for stable and reliable operation of future electric power systems with increasing amount of distributed generation. • Achieved in a cost-effective manner by minimizing the need for switched capacitor banks, regulators, tap changing transformers. • Minimizes MV drive costs by eliminating transformer. Confidential – Semi-Annual Meeting May 2017
Project Planning 18 GRid-Connected Advanced Power Electronic Systems Mid-Project (Y1-1): Demonstrate VVO functionality with variable speed and torque control functions on low-power (3.6 kW) drive with 1200 V SiC MOSFETs. Confirm performance using dynamometer test stand at NCREPT. Mid-Project (Y1-2): Demonstrate simultaneous VVO and variable speed & torque motor drive functions under dynamic conditions representative of electric utility operations (NCREPT dynamometer test stand). Confidential – Semi-Annual Meeting May 2017
Deliverables 19 GRid-Connected Advanced Power Electronic Systems End-of-Project (Y2-1): Build a SiC 10 kV MOSFET three-phase converter for 4160-V motor drive. End-of-Project (Y2-1): Demonstrate with 10 kV SiC MOSFET converter simultaneous VVO and variable speed & torque motor drive functions under dynamic conditions representative of electric utility operations. Other deliverables: Haider Mhiesan PhD complete: 2019 Patentable algorithms and circuits Transactions publications Confidential – Semi-Annual Meeting May 2017
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