NOT-A-DROP SPECTROPHOTOMETER Group 27 Andrew Lezia Eric Zhang - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

NOT-A-DROP SPECTROPHOTOMETER

Group 27 Andrew Lezia Eric Zhang Michael Shang Client: Brad Postier (CEO Spectrum Perception LLC)

Background on Spectrophotometry

• UV-Vis spectrophotometers are commonly used in

biology/chemistry labs to measure concentrations of different molecules (i.e. nucleic acids and proteins)

Applications of Spectrophotometry

• There are many applications of spectrophotometry in

biological research that are dependent on the wavelength

• f incident light
• Calculating Protein and Nucleic Acid Concentration (260-

280nm)

• Calculating cellular density of a sample (~600nm)
• Bradford Assay (~595nm)
• Enzyme activity (multiple wavelengths)

Market Background

• Global molecular spectroscopy market was valued at $4.3

billion in 20131

• Includes NMR spectroscopy, IR, UV-Vis, etc.
• Market predicted to reach $5.9 billion by 2018
• Factors affecting market growth
• Increased research and development funding for life sciences
• High cost of spectrometry systems
• Technological advancements

Problems with Current Bench-Top Spectrophotometers

• Cost-Expensive
• Results in spectrophotometers being shared between labs
• Results in designated spectrophotometry areas
• Loss of Sample
• Samples commonly measured in disposable cuvettes or applied

directly to device

• Necessary connection to external computer
• Limits portability of spectrophotometer
• Sample contamination
• PCR clean areas needed for sample analysis

Need Statement and Project Goal

• There is currently a need for an inexpensive,

portable spectrophotometer that is compatible with sample storage vials and that does not need to be connected to an external computer.

• Our goal is to develop an inexpensive, portable,

bench-top spectrophotometer with its own data display that accommodates our client’s sample tubes (Nucleotube).

Existing Solutions

NanoDrop

• Manufactured by Thermo Scientific
• Requires sample of 0.5-2.0uL
• Utilizes surface tension to hold sample
• Patent US 6628382B2
• Multiple models
• NanoDrop Lite ~ $5000
• NanoDrop 2000 ~ $9000
• NanoDrop 8000 ~ $25,000
• Requires connection to computer
• Spectral range of 190-840nm
• Size of device – 2.0kg, 14cm x 20cm

NanoVue Plus

• Manufactured by Biochrom
• Requires sample volume of 0.5uL to 5uL
• Utilizes gold-colored sample holding plate coated with

hydrophobic material

• Potentially allows for recovery of sample after measurement
• Includes built-in graphical display
• Costs ~$10,000
• Data out can be transferred via USB cable, Bluetooth or

SD card

• Size of device - 4.5kg, 26cm x 39cm x 10cm

Spectrophotometer Patents

• A large amount of spectrophotometry patents exist
• Multiple patents related to hand-held spectrophotometers and LED

spectrophotometers

• There are currently no accepted patents involving the use
• f reusable sample vials for spectrophotometry

Design Requirements

• Utilizes microcontroller that is compatible with Arduino

IDE

• Adafruit Feather
• Includes LED display of results presented as absorbance

and percent transmittance

• Must be portable (less than 2.0kg, no larger than 15cm x

15cm x 15cm)

• Compatible with Nucleotube design specifications
• Optical target region - 1.5mm wide by 3mm tall with 2mm path

length

• Nucleotube outer dimensions - 10.3mm diameter, 34.4mm height

Nucleotube

Light Source Light Detector Optical Target Region Closeable Sample Storage Vial

Additional Design Requirements

• Must be able to measure sample absorbance at 260 and

280 nm wavelength

• Will potentially have modular light sensing hardware to

allow for absorbance measurements at additional wavelengths in the UV-Vis spectrum

Prototype Functionality Metrics

Absorbance Accuracy +/- 5.0% of known standard across entire range (10% for prototype) Absorbance Range Linear from 0.1 - 1.0 Repeatability +/- 2.0% between measurements Detection Limit 2.0 ng/µL Measurement Time < 10.0 s Number of Samples Measured at Once 1

Preliminary Design Schedule

Not-a-Drop Design Schedule

2016 2017

Task Name W Oct 2 Oct 9 Oct 16 Oct 23 Oct 30 Nov 6 Nov 13 Nov 20 Nov 27 Dec 4 Dec 11 Dec 18 Dec 25 Jan 1

Jan 8 Jan 15 Jan 22 Jan 29 Feb 5 Feb 12 Feb 19 Feb 26 Mar 5 Mar 12 Mar 19 Mar 26 Apr 2 Apr 9 Apr 16

Planning phase 10

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Task I Write Preliminary Report 1

c

Task II Brainstorm Ideas for Deisgn Specs 3

n n n

Task III Construct Pugh Chart 1

n n

Task IV Elaborate Chosen Design 2

n n

Task V Make Budget Proposal 1

n

Task VI Write Progress Report 3

n n n c

Winter Break 5

1 2 3 4 5

Prototype phase 13

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 13

Task I Develop CAD Prototype 5

n n n

Task II Acquire Materials 3

n n n

Task III Assemble Prototype 1

n d

Task IV Prototype Modification 1 2

n n

Task V Prototype Modification 2 2

n n

Task VI Validate prototype 2

n n n

Task VII V&V Report 4

n n n c

Annotations W Duration (Weeks) n normal d dependent on others c critical

Team Responsibilities

• Andrew Lezia
• Lead development of microcontroller circuit and any necessary

software development in Arduino IDE

• Eric Zhang
• Lead development of computer aided design of spectrophotometer

housing

• Michael Shang
• Lead mechanical design of position of light source and detector

within spectrophotometer

Information Sources

1.

http://www.marketsandmarkets.com/PressReleases/molecular-spectroscopy.asp

2.

“NanoDrop 2000." UV-Vis Spectrophotometer. Web. 05 Oct. 2016. <http://www.nanodrop.com/productnd2000overview.aspx>.

3.

"NanoVue Plus™ Spectrophotometer." NanoVue Plus. Web. 05 Oct. 2016. <http://biochromspectros.com/spectrophotometers/nanovue-plus-cat/nanovue-plus- spectrophotometer.html>.

4.

Robertson, Charles William. "Patent US6628382 - Liquid Photometer Using Surface Tension to Contain Sample." Google Books. Web. 05 Oct. 2016. <https://www.google.com/patents/US6628382>.

Image Sources

1.

http://sites.cord.edu/chem-330-lab-manual/experiments/uv-vis

2.

http://www.nanodrop.com/productnd2000overview.aspx

3.

http://biochromspectros.com/spectrophotometers/nanovue-plus-cat/nanovue-plus- spectrophotometer.html

4.

http://www.ultraleds.co.uk/50-reasons-why-you-should-be-using-leds/

QUESTIONS?