Noncommuta5ve Black Holes at the LHC Elena Villhauer Karl - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Noncommuta5ve Black Holes at the LHC Elena Villhauer Karl - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Oct 26, 2023 184 likes •533 views

Noncommuta5ve Black Holes at the LHC Elena Villhauer Karl Schwartzschild Mee5ng 2017 25/07/2017 Outline Hierarchy Problem Condi2ons for black hole Produc2on at the LHC Brief tour of results from searches for TeV- scale gravity at

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Elena Villhauer Karl Schwartzschild Mee5ng 2017

25/07/2017

Noncommuta5ve Black Holes at the LHC

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Outline

  • Hierarchy Problem
  • Condi2ons for black hole Produc2on at the

LHC

  • Brief tour of results from searches for TeV-

scale gravity at the LHC

  • Theory of Noncommuta2ve Black Holes
  • Experimental approach to Noncommuta2ve

Black Holes

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Hierarchy Problem

Four fundamental forces Force Rela2ve Strength Strong nuclear 1 Weak nuclear 10-5 Electromagne2c 1/137 Gravita2onal 6 x 10-39

Fundamental Planck scale: 1019 GeV Solu5on: The existence of extra dimensions would lower the Planck scale and account for the discrepancy in gravity’s rela2ve strength

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  • ADD model

– M2

P ~ M* n+2Rn

– Large, flat extra dimensions – Standard Model fields are confined to a 4-D brane – Gravity alone propagates in bulk

  • RS1 model

– M2

P ~ M* 3(1 – e-2kL)/k

– Standard Model par2cles are confined to a 4-D brane – One Extra Dimension

  • Tiny, warped, compac2fied
  • Lives in AdS space

Extra Dimensional Models in LHC BH Searches

Figures from arXiv:0802.2218 (Kan2)

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Black Hole Forma5on at the LHC

  • Condi2ons:

– Fundamental Planck scale is lowered to the TeV scale via the existence of extra dimensions – Hoop Conjecture Theory is sa2sfied

b Circumference = 2πRS Center-of-mass energy of each parton > M* Mass is enclosed in a region with a circumference < 2πRS σ = πRS

2

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  • Condi2on: MBH >> MP
  • Semiclassical black holes are believed to be beyond

the reach of the LHC

  • Thermal: emit Hawking radia2on
  • Signature: mostly high pT jets, should contain a

lepton

  • Modeled by Charybdis2, BlackMax, TRUENOIR,

CATFISH

Semiclassical Black Holes at the LHC

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LHC Semi-classical BH Results

Lepton + Jets

arXiv:1606.02265 Charybdis2

Mul5jets

arXiv:1512.02586 Charybdis2

ATLAS CMS

Mul5jet

arXiv:1705.01403 BlackMax

Mul5jet

Charybdis2

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Quantum Black Holes

  • Condi2on: MBH ~ MP
  • Signature of quantum gravity
  • Nonthermal
  • Strong preference for two body decays
  • Modeled by generator “QBH” as 2-body decay
  • Signature: high pT
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LHC QBH Results

ATLAS CMS

Dijet arXiv:1703.09127 Mul5jet

arXiv:1705.01403, QBH

Photon + Jet arXiv:1512.05910 High-mass dilepton arXiv:1607.08079 Dijet

Model Observed Lower Limit (TeV) Expected Lower Limit (TeV)

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String Balls

  • Highly excited string states that arise when

weakly coupled string theory is embedded in the paradigm of ADD-type dimensions

  • Signature of quantum gravity
  • Planck mass Mp and string mass scale Ms:

possibly ~ TeV with extra dimensions

  • Signature: Lots of high pT jets, should also have lepton

– Signature is not very different from GR black holes – Different cross sec2ons than GR black holes

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LHC String Ball Results

ATLAS

Mul5jet

CMS

Mul5jet

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Why extra dimensions have not yet been discovered at the LHC

  • Extra dimensions do not exist :(
  • Extra dimensions DO exist, but we need

– Higher energy to produce black holes

  • Black holes have been produced at the LHC,

but we have missed them

– Different signatures than those we have been searching for – Produced at a very low rate – Not properly understanding backgrounds

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Start of Run II

  • June 2015: Great Hope for BHs

Figure from ATLAS Weekly Mee2ng

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Second Stage of Run II

Cross sec5on ra5os 14 TeV / 13 TeV

  • Diminishing returns

Figure from ATLAS Weekly Mee2ng

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LHC Schedule

13 TeV 14 TeV

Figure from ATLAS Weekly Mee2ng

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What we need

  • More ENERGY

– New magnet: can push energy up to 18 TeV

  • Unlikely to happen in the immediate 2me frame

– Scheduled to jump to 14 TeV next year – Luminosity increases do not provide the exponen2al increases in discovery poten2al that energy increases provide Failing that,

  • Different signatures
  • Different cross sec2ons
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Noncommuta5ve Black Holes

  • Very different experimental signatures than other

LHC black hole searches

  • Lots of rela2vely sos par2cles: stark contrast to

high pT par2cles of other BH searches

  • The result of incorpora2ng noncommuta2ve

geometry into the paradigm of extra dimensions

  • Forms an effec2ve theory to quantum gravity
  • Creates a new mass threshold above the Planck

scale

– New regime for new physics

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Noncommuta5ve Black Holes

  • Assumes commutator of space2me coordinates ≠ 0

where = NC mass scale = dimensional, frame-independent an2symmetric matrix with real and constant entries (generated due to background magne2c or electric type fields) = NC parameter arXiv:gr-qc/0612035v1 (Ansoldi, Nicolini, Smailagic, Spallucci)

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Noncommuta5ve Black Holes in Higher Dimensions

  • Effect of noncommuta2vity: smears mass

distribu2ons

– A point mass, M, characterized by a δ-func2on distribu2on (Mδ) becomes a spherically symmetric, sta2c, Gaussian smeared mawer source

where BH horizon size and are << compac2fica2on scale Rc ~ arXiv:hep-ph/0606051 (Tom Rizzo)

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A nonsingular solu5on

  • Effect of noncommuta2vity: noncommuta2ve

coordinate fluctua2ons at short distance cause a regular deSiwer vacuum to replace the curvature singularity at r = 0

arXiv:gr-qc/0612035v1 (Ansoldi, Nicolini, Smailagic, Spallucci)

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2010 NC BH Study at 8 TeV

  • Analysis of neutral, nonrota2ng noncommuta2ve

BH model (arXiv:1003.1798, Douglas Gingrich)

– Model based on arXiv:hep-ph/0606051 (Tom Rizzo) – Trigger level analysis only – Rela2vely low transverse momentum spectrum blended into the QCB background; no further ac2on was undertaken and the analysis was stopped – Search strategy must be revised

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Noncommuta5ve vs. Commuta5ve BH

Parton Cross Sec5on Proton Cross Sec5on Temperature

Figures from arXiv:1003.1798, Douglas Gingrich

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NC BH HT and Invariant Mass

Figures from arXiv:1003.1798, Douglas Gingrich

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NC BH Jet Mul5plicity and leading- lepton pT

Figures from arXiv:1003.1798, Douglas Gingrich

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NC BH Before Cuts

Figures from arXiv:1003.1798, Douglas Gingrich

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NC BH A^er MET/sqrt(HT) Cuts

Figures from arXiv:1003.1798, Douglas Gingrich

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Ini5al Black Hole Characteris5cs

Figures from arXiv:1003.1798, Douglas Gingrich

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Remnant Characteris5cs

Figures from arXiv:1003.1798, Douglas Gingrich

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Event Characteris5cs

Figures from arXiv:1003.1798, Douglas Gingrich

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Par5cle Characteris5cs

Figures from arXiv:1003.1798, Douglas Gingrich

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Cross sec5ons for various

Figures from arXiv:1003.1798, Douglas Gingrich

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My Intended NC Black Hole Search

  • Charged, rota2ng NC BH model in ADD-type extra

dimensions using Charybdis2 generator

– Improvement from neutral, nonrota2ng BH model used in 2010 Trigger-level analysis

  • Rota2on plays a huge role in accurate modeling, charge contributes as

well

  • Revise search strategy

– Figure out a way to separate the low pT signal from the QCD background

  • Machine Learning, Deep Learning

– Noncommuta2ve black holes are predicted to decay to a stable remnant

  • Search directly for the remnant

– Remnant characteris2cs: resembles those of corresponding BH – Remnant Charge

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Conclusion

  • Public ATLAS and CMS results have not indicated

any significant excessed in analyses using 13 TeV data

  • Noncommuta2ve Black Holes offer a much

different signature than any other TeV-scale gravity model in use

  • Exci2ng search for a charge, nonrota2ng

noncommuta2ve black holes in ADD-type extra dimensions using ATLAS data will be undertaken

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THANK YOU