Nursing Physical Fatigue ↓ negative impact ↓ Staff Safety + Staff Performance + Staff Retention ↓ Patient Outcomes (Patient Safety) ↓ HCO‟S Financial Bottom Line 1. Introduction | Problem Statement
This study proposed to explore the linkage between Emergency Department design-layout and nursing physical fatigue. It is expected that further understanding on this relationship will support evidence-based design propositions linking nursing wellness, job satisfaction, and performance to a higher quality of care and improved patient safety. 1. Introduction | Objectives
Literature Review | Grounded on the AHRQ Framework 3. Personal- Social Aspects 2. 4. Workflow Physical Design Environment 1. 5. Workforce Organizational Staffing Factors Fatigue 1. 4. Staff Staff Safety Retention 3. 2. Staff Patient Safety Performance 2.
3. Work Schedules 1. Workforce Staffing 2. Literature Review | Workforce Staffing
3. Information Technology 2. Workflow Design 2. Literature Review | Workflow Design
3. Lifestyle 3. Personal/ Aspects Social 2. Literature Review | Personal/Social Aspects
5. Layout Environment 4. Physical 2. Literature Review | Physical Environment
5. 3. Culture Organizational Factors 2. Literature Review | Organizational Factors
Research Questions How do emergency department nurses perceive the impact of the emergency department design-layout • attributes on nursing physical fatigue? How do emergency department nurses perceive the impact of organizational protocols and operational • practices on nursing physical fatigue? What are emergency department nurses‟ actual physical activity levels on an average 12-hour shift? •
Conceptual Framework “A” | Relationships
Conceptual Framework “B” | Donobedian Based
Research Design Descriptive analysis research methodology. • Study Setting This study was conducted in the emergency department of a 136-bed • community-based hospital located in a large metropolitan area in the U.S. Southwest region. Subjects A non-random, convenience sampling was devised for this study. • Inclusion criteria consisted of nurses who were (a) registered professionals, (b) full- • time employees (defined as working at least 36 hours per week), and (c) those who worked with direct patient care. Research Methodology Sample Size Although 23 nurses committed to participate from a total of 24, 17 nurses (74%) • completed the surveys and eight of the 23 nurses (35%) wore the accelerometers as instructed. Instrumentation Subjective Approach | Self-administered Questionnaire • Physiological Approach | Direct Monitoring Assessment | Accelerometers • 3.
ENTRANCE LOBBY TRAUMA TRIAGE AMBULANCE ENTRANCE Research Methodology NURSING’ STATION STAFF LOUNGE TOILET MEDI ROOM STORAGE DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING DEPARTMENTS HOSPITAL MAIN ENTRANCE 3.
Subjective Approach The first goal was to assess, through a subjective approach, nurses‟ perception of the impact of design-layout on physical fatigue, as compared to organizational protocols and operational practices. A cross-sectional, self-administered questionnaire was developed by the researcher to address the study‟s first two research questions. Section 1 | Categorical Data Accelerometer‟ tag number, demographics data and incidence of occupational body discomfort Section 2 | 5 point Likert Scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree) Nurses‟ Perception on The Linkage Between Different Aspects of The Physical Research Methodology Environment and Their Impact on Nursing Physical Fatigue Section 3 | 5 point Likert Scale from 1 (strongly disagree or Low) to 5 (strongly agree or High) Nurses‟ Perception on the impact of various aspects of their current workforce staffing patterns and organizational policies 3.
Physiological Approach The second goal was to measure, through a physiological approach, nurses‟ actual physical activity intensity levels. A direct monitoring assessment design was applied to address the study‟s research second question. To this end, instrumental data was gathered through the use of accelerometer devices during three consecutive shifts. Research Methodology 3. Images retrieved from www.actigraph.com
P Variable Mean SD Number Percent H Description Y Gender S Males 4 23.5% I Females 13 76.5% C A Age (year) 40.7 11.6 L A S BMI* P Underweight 1 5.8 E Normal 23.42 7.51 9 52.9% C Overweight 5 25% T Obese 1 11.76 S Smokes or smoked in the past 5 29.4% Yes 12 70.6% No Exercises at least 30 L minutes a day 9 52.9% I Yes 8 47.1% F No E Sleeps from 6-8 hours a day 17 100% S Yes 0 0% T No Y Has kids under the age of 16 L or an elderly parent at home 5 29.4% E Yes 12 70.6% No Has another part-time job or regular activity 10 58.8% Yes 7 41.2% No 4. Data Analysis Results| Demographics and Lifestyle Data
Variable Mean SD Number Percent Description W O Number of shifts per week 14 82.4% R 1-3 3 17.6% K 4-6 Number of hours shifts R last on average 11 64.7% E 12 hours 6 35.3% L 13 hours A Number of consecutive shifts T worked per shift week 5 29.4% E 2 shifts 9 52.9% D 3 shifts 2 11.7% 4 shifts P Years of Experience A 0-5 years 9 52.9% T 5-10 years 3 17.6% T 11-20 years 4 23.5% E 21-30 years 1 5.9% R Night | Day Shift N Mornings 4 23.5% S Mid-days 4 23.5% Evenings 2 11.8% Nights 7 41.2% O Neck 2.12 1.27 C Shoulder 2.19 1.42 C Upper back 2.4 1.30 Lower back 3 1.00 U P. Upper arm 2.17 2.66 Forearm and elbow 1.94 2.11 I Thigh and knee 1.81 1.28 N Lower leg 2.12 2.12 Angle and foot 2.31 1.40 J. 4. Data Analysis Results| Work-Related and Occupational Injuries Incidence Data
# DESCRIPTION MEAN SD 2.2 Inter-department travel distances efficiency 3.98 0.88 Space Layout 2.3 Intra-department travel distances efficiency 3.61 1.00 3.3 Patient-care related travel distances efficiency 2.94 1.14 Provision of ergonomic and functional equipment, furniture, 2.23 0.98 2.4 Ergonomic and Functional accessories and casework Technology Provision of technology resources for the reduction of 2.5 2.53 0.84 Resources physical fatigue 4. Data Analysis Results| Nurses‟ Perceptions of Current D esign-Layout Impact on PF
# DESCRIPTION MEAN SD Alignment between design-layout and 2.1 3.18 1.20 operational practices Workloads such as patient handling, sitting, standing, Operational Practices 3.2 3.26 1.05 transporting, hauling 3.4 Inefficient operational practices 3.57 1.18 4. Data Analysis Results| Nurses‟ Perceptions of Operational Practices Impact on PF
# DESCRIPTION MEAN SD Perception of Physical Fatigue Organizational 3.1 According to recovery time patterns and 3.08 1.04 Protocols time in the career 4. Data Analysis Results| Nurses‟ Perceptions of Organizational Protocols Impact on PF
3.6 DESCRIPTION MEAN SD a. Unit proximity to staff lounge 2.00 1.00 b. Provision of quick break areas 3.41 1.23 c. Provision of wellness programs 2.00 1.00 Design-Layout Propositions d. Provision of exercise and anti-stress spaces 2.35 1.41 Installation of anti-fatigue performance flooring products and e. 2.59 1.42 finishes Reconfiguration of design-layout to reflect and align with f. 4.18 1.13 patient-care related procedures WEIGHTED MEAN AND SD 2.75 1.20 4. Data Analysis Results| Nurses‟ Ratings on Design -Layout Propositions to Reduce PF
ID Sedentary Light Moderate Vigorous Total Time 1 0.53 0.44 0.03 0 2163 2 0.57 0.43 0.01 0 2177 3 0.49 0.50 0.01 0 2254 4 0.35 0.62 0.03 0 2160 10 0.59 0.41 0.00 0 2253 13 0.55 0.45 0.00 0 1442 15 0.40 0.57 0.03 0 1492 16 0.45 0.54 0.01 0 1863 TOTAL 0.49 0.49 0.01 0 15804 4. Data Analysis Results| Nurses‟ Physical Activity Levels During Three Consecutive Shifts
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