SLIDE 1
anger sweet
Who remembers…
cake anger sweet
Who remembers…
cake A B C anger sweet
Who remembers…
cake A B C
10 20 30 40 50
Memory A Memory Test! Who remembers cake sweet anger Who - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Memory A Memory Test! Who remembers cake sweet anger Who - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Memory A Memory Test! Who remembers cake sweet anger Who remembers A cake sweet B anger C Who remembers cake A sweet B anger C 0 10 20 30 40 50 Who remembers A cake sweet B anger C 0 10 20 30 40 50
SLIDE 2
SLIDE 3
anger sweet
Who remembers…
cake A B C
10 20 30 40 50
candy eat soda chocolate honey treat nice cake bitter
Remember These Words
tart sugar good taste sour pie tooth
?
SLIDE 4
Questions + Themes
How are memory systems organized? How much can we remember? Is memory reliable? When and when not?
What do we remember?
Experiences Events First-Person Knowledge Facts Ideas Concepts Skills Tasks Habits
Semantic Memory Episodic Memory Procedural Memory
When do we remember?
vs vs
Sensory Memory Short-Term Memory Long-Term Memory
SLIDE 5
How do we remember? How do we remember?
Encoding Storage Retrieval
How do we remember?
Encoding Storage Retrieval
SLIDE 6
How do we remember?
Encoding Storage Retrieval Consolidation
Memory
Up next: Part 2/3
Memory
Part 2/3
SLIDE 7
Distinctions that make a Difference ?
Facts Ideas Concepts
Semantic Memory
Skills Tasks Habits
Procedural Memory
vs
Encoding Storage
vs
SLIDE 8
Dissociability
Henry Molaison 1926-2008
Patient HM
SLIDE 9
Amnesia
inability to remember
Class Participation!
reasoning language motor skills perception explicit/semantic memory
SLIDE 10
Amnesia Anterograde
inability to form new memories
Consolidation
SLIDE 11
Amnesia Anterograde
inability to form new memories
Amnesia Retrograde
inability to retrieve old memories
Anterograde Retrograde
SLIDE 12
Encoding Storage
vs
Facts Ideas Concepts
Semantic Memory
Skills Tasks Habits
Procedural Memory
vs
SLIDE 13
# of Errors
10 20 30
Attempt #
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
HM improves over time!
but doesn’t remember ever having completed the task
(Squire, 2009)
Capacity
SLIDE 14
candy eat soda chocolate honey treat nice cake bitter tart sugar good taste sour pie tooth
Hard Easy
When do we remember?
Sensory Memory
vs vs
Short-Term Memory Long-Term Memory
Iconic Memory
Sensory Memory
Echoic Memory
SLIDE 15
A Memory Test!
X L W F J B O V K C Z R
Most people: ~4 letters
(Sperling, 1960)
SLIDE 16
X L W F J B O V K C Z R
Most people: ~4 letters
(Sperling, 1960)
!
X L W F J B O V K C Z R
SLIDE 17
X L W F J B O V K C Z R
Sensory Memory
vs vs
Short-Term Memory Long-Term Memory
High Capacity
(but decays quickly)
A Memory Test!
SLIDE 18
6 9 1 8 7 4 5 4 5 7 4 2 2 9 6
SLIDE 19
3 5 6 7 1 8 4 8 5 4 7 2 0 8 2 7 4 2 6 4
Short-Term Memory
Decays without rehearsal Position matters: Effects of Primacy and Recency
7 ± 2
SLIDE 20
Sensory Memory
vs vs
Short-Term Memory Long-Term Memory
High Capacity Low Capacity
Memory
Up next: Part 3/3
Memory
Part 3/3
SLIDE 21
Short-Term Memory
7 ± 2
whats?
A Memory Test! 24 60 365 100
SLIDE 22
big pop cat run
Chunking
combining small pieces of information into larger, meaningful clusters
7 ± 2 Chunks?
A Memory Test!
SLIDE 23
In West Philadelphia born and raised, on the playground is where I spent most of my days
⼼忄理痢学 Increase Capacity?
SLIDE 24
A Memory Test!
A newspaper is better than a magazine. A seashore is a better place than the street. At first it is better to run than to walk. You may have to try several times. It takes some skill but is easy to learn. Even young children can enjoy it. Once successful, complications are minimal. Birds seldom get too close. Rain, however, soaks in very
- fast. Too many people doing the same thing can also
cause problems. One needs lots of room. If there are no complications it can be very peaceful. A rock will serve as an anchor. If things break loose from it, however, you will not get a second chance.
Remember This Paragraph
This paragraph is about flying a kite
SLIDE 25
A newspaper is better than a magazine. A seashore is a better place than the street. At first it is better to run than to walk. You may have to try several times. It takes some skill but is easy to learn. Even young children can enjoy it. Once successful, complications are minimal. Birds seldom get too close. Rain, however, soaks in very
- fast. Too many people doing the same thing can also
cause problems. One needs lots of room. If there are no complications it can be very peaceful. A rock will serve as an anchor. If things break loose from it, however, you will not get a second chance.
Remember This Paragraph
Increase Capacity?
SLIDE 26
STRANGER cloud crate MARKET GATE FRIEND …
- 1. Uppercase?
- 2. Rhyme with “weight”?
- 3. Make sense with:
“He met a ____ in the street”?
“Shallow” “Deep”
Proportion recalled 25 50 75 100
Case Rhyme Sentence
Increase Capacity?
SLIDE 27
“Method of Loci”
- r, the memory palace
Simonides of Ceos
(5th-6th Century BCE)
SLIDE 28
A Memory Test!
SLIDE 29
big naked bicycle cookie horse
- atmeal
spear dance baby yellow road lion speech big naked bicycle cookie horse
- atmeal
spear dance baby yellow road lion speech
SLIDE 30
Sensory Memory
vs vs
Short-Term Memory Long-Term Memory
High Capacity Low Capacity ?
- Prof. Jonathan Flombaum
- Prof. Janice Chen
SLIDE 31
Sensory Memory
vs vs
Short-Term Memory Long-Term Memory
High Capacity Low Capacity ? ???
2,500 unique objects 3 seconds per object
SLIDE 32
Which have you seen?
Success Rate: 93%!
Which have you seen?
SLIDE 33
Success Rate: 88%!
Which have you seen?
Success Rate: 87%!
SLIDE 34
Sensory Memory
vs vs
Short-Term Memory Long-Term Memory
High Capacity Low Capacity ? Massive Capacity!
How to sort through it all?
Context
SLIDE 35
# of Words Recalled
4 8 12 16 Recall Dry Recall Wet Learn Dry Learn Wet
(Godden & Baddeley, 1975)
Hacking your memory to get an
Ensure that learning context = recall context
SLIDE 36