Marijuana in Michigan: Whats Happening Now? Kathryn Tate - - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Marijuana in Michigan: What’s Happening Now?

Kathryn Tate - Community Integration Leader

Objectives

 Provide information on today’s marijuana  Describe how legalization negatively effects our youth  Explain the legislative landscape of medical and recreational

marijuana in Michigan

 Address differences between medical and recreational laws  Compare and contrast recreational marijuana laws and Michigan’s

proposed ballot initiative

 Provide resources to allow Michigan citizens to educate

themselves to make the best decision possible for Michigan youth because they are our future

Marijuana Today

 Forms

 Joint, Dab, Vape, Edibles, Hash,

Concentrates

 THC levels

 Plants

 Genetically modified to increase

THC from ~4% to 20%, or higher

 Concentrates

 40-80% THC

Photo Credit: smartcolorado.org Source: National Institute on Drug Abuse

FDA Regulated Medications

 CesametTM (Nabilone)

 Synthetic THC based  Chemo-induced nausea and vomiting * The above medications are available through prescription, not medical marijuana provisioning centers

 MarinolTM (Dronabinol)

 Synthetic THC based  Chemo-induced nausea and vomiting  Post-operative and neuropathic pain

 EpidiolexTM

 Plant derived CBD  Seizures

SativexTM

 1:1 ratio of plant derived THC and CBD  Muscle spasticity and stiffness from MS

Medications in the FDA Approval Process

Source: FDA

Other Potential Medicinal Uses

 Additional research may uncover more benefits and

safer means of delivery

 Anticonvulsant  Relieve Pain  Digestion  Antipsychotic

 Due to Federal Restrictions, research on marijuana

is limited

Known Challenges

 Marijuana Use Disorder occurs in 30% of users  Marijuana causes impairment

 Hazardous in vehicle operation and certain types of employment

 High levels of THC can cause psychosis  Marijuana users are 2.6 times more likely to begin using

• ther drugs

Sources: National Institute for Drug Abuse; Hasin DS, Saha TD, Kerridge BT , et al. Prevalence of Marijuana Use Disorders in the United States Between 2001-2002 and 2012-2013. JAMA Psychiatry. 2015;72(12):1235-1242. doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2015.1858.

Marijuana: Negative Impact on Youth

Marijuana Use Perception of Risk

What Do We Know

Source: SAMHSA

Midland County Perception of Risk

Source: The Legacy Center 2016 Midland County Youth Study

Midland County 30 Day Use

Alcohol Marijuana Linear (Alcohol) Linear (Marijuana)

30 Day Use

Source: The Legacy Center 2016 Midland County Youth Study

Youth Access:

 Colorado

 Thirty day use among youth increased 12 percent between

2013 and 2015, the three years after recreational legalization in Colorado

 Nationally

 The ten states with highest rate of youth marijuana use have

some form of legalized marijuana

Source: The Legalization of Marijuana in Colorado: The Impact, Rocky Mountain High Intensity Drug Trafficking Area

As of 2015: Legalized Recreational Marijuana Legalized Medical Marijuana Non-Legalized Medical Marijuana

Source: SAMHSA.gov, National Survey on Drug Use and Health 2014 & 2015

Marijuana Use Access to Marijuana

Youth Access:

Source: SAMHSA

Why do we Care?

 Cognitive and education problems

 Potential IQ loss up to 8 points  Increased absenteeism  Decrease in academic performance

 Risk of Mental Health Problems

 Depression, Anxiety, and Social Problems  Increased risk of developing schizophrenia and psychosis in some people

 Potential for poisoning from marijuana edibles

 Strengths vary, and can be very small (e.g. less than one gummy bear)  Delayed onset of desired feeling (~30-45 minutes)

Source: National Institute for Drug Abuse

Why Do We Care?

 When parents use, youth are impacted

 Marijuana seems less risky  Access increases  Secondhand smoke increases negative health effects

 When pregnant or breastfeeding mothers use marijuana

 THC crosses the placenta  THC is found in breastmilk

Why do we Care?

 Midland County Abuse and Neglect Cases

 66% of Abuse & Neglect Cases involve Substance Use Disorder  Of those cases, 80% of Mothers and 87% of Fathers had Substance

Use Disorder

 Most Common Drug of Choice was Cannabis for both parents  Earlier admittance to legal system = longer stay in legal system

 55% of victims of abuse and neglect are under age 7

Source: Midland County Probate Court

Legislative Landscape

Definitions

 Medical Marijuana

 Use of marijuana to benefit various medical conditions  Not regulated for dose, strength, purity  No consistent safety standards for consumption

 Recreational Marijuana

 The use of marijuana to experience a feeling of euphoria, or “high”

 Legalization

 Establishes parameters for legal use, sale, and purchasing of marijuana

 Decriminalization

 Lessens legal penalties for use of marijuana

 Commercialization

 Establishes industry for financial gain from marijuana

The Big Picture

 Federally, marijuana is a Schedule I illegal drug  Several states have legalized medically and/or recreationally  State laws governing medical marijuana are different from the

laws that govern recreational marijuana.

State by State Legalization

Source: Procon.org

Michigan’s Picture: Medical Marijuana

 Marijuana was approved by voter initiative for medicinal use in 2008  In December 2017, the Marijuana Facilities Act was enacted

 Allows for Municipalities (townships, villages, cities):

 To “opt In” for commercialization  Select the type and number of facilities  Create regulations around local marijuana facilities  Once opted in, a municipality can only opt out with a local ballot initiative in

a regularly scheduled election

 Some municipalities select to “opt out”

Recreational Marijuana

 April 26, 2018

 Michigan Board of Canvassers approved the signatures collected

for the citizens’ initiative to “Regulate Marijuana like Alcohol”

 June 5th, 2018

 Legislature took no action; the initiative will be on the ballot in

November

 If approved by voters in November

 Initiative would become a public act,  Legislature could change or amend the act with a ¾ majority vote

Recreational Legalization Laws At a Glance

State Year of Passage Ballot or Legislative Action Personal Possession At-Home Possession Commercialization? Total Retail Tax Michigan – Proposed Ballot 2.5 oz 10 oz Yes 16% Alaska 2014 Ballot 1 oz 4 oz* Yes $50/oz flowers, $15/oz leaf California 2016 Ballot 1 oz 1 oz Yes 22.25% Sales tax Colorado 2012 Ballot 1 oz 1 oz Yes 27.9% Maine 2016 Ballot 2.5 oz 2.5 oz Yes 10% Massachusetts 2016 Ballot 1 oz 10 oz Yes 17-20% Nevada 2016 Ballot 1 oz 1 oz Yes 32-38% Oregon 2014 Ballot 1 oz 8 oz Yes 17-20% Vermont 2018 Legislative Action 1 oz 1 oz No 0% Washington 2012 Ballot 1 oz 1 oz Yes 45%

*Ballotpedia *1oz. of marijuana can render 30-80 joints

State Local Control Zoning Restrictions Public Consumption Michigan – Proposal Opt out with 5% voter petition to add to regularly scheduled ballot 1000 ft. K-12 schools No, unless in a designated area Alaska Opt-out and zoning via ordinance or voter initiative 500 ft. Schools, Youth, Religious, Jail No California Opt-out and zoning via ordinance 1000 ft. Daycare, School, Youth Center No Colorado Opt-out via ordinance or measure on ballot; local zoning Recommends 1000 ft. from schools No Maine Local regulation may limit or prohibit TBD No Massachusetts Local ordinances to limit, but may require vote 500-2000 ft. from schools, parks No Nevada Opt out with 10% voter petition to add to biennial ballot 1000 ft. K-12 schools No Oregon Initial Opt-out period for communities

• pposed; 6-15% voter petition to add to

regularly scheduled ballot; some local zoning 1000 ft. K-12 schools No Vermont N/A N/A No Washington Being decided in State Courts 1000 ft. Schools, Parks, Rec Facility, Library, etc. No

*All States with legalized recreational marijuana have a legal age of 21. *Ballotpedia

Observations From Colorado

Observations from Colorado

 Potential imbalance between tax revenue and social costs  Increases in:

 Marijuana-related traffic deaths where driver tested positive more

than doubled from 2013-2016

 Marijuana related ER visits increased 35% after legalization

 Hospitalizations increased 72%

 All crime rates increased 10.8% from 2013-2016  Employment Challenges

Source: rmhidta.org

Call to Action

 Become educated about the initiative

 https://ballotpedia.org/Michigan_Marijuana_Legalization_Initiative_(2018)

 Decide for yourself if this proposal is the right way to legalize

marijuana in Michigan

Gummy Bear Experiment

How many did you eat?

20 mg 30 mg 40 mg 50 mg 60 mg 70 mg 10 mg THC

References

 Regulate Marijuana like Alcohol Initiative  Norml  The Legalization of Marijuana in

Colorado: The Impact, Rocky Mountain High Intensity Drug Trafficking Area

 Ballot Pedia  Market Watch  Midland County Youth Study, The Legacy

Center for Community Success

 Substance Abuse and Mental Health

Services Agency

 National Institute on Drug Abuse  Alaska.gov  California.gov  Colorado.gov  Maine.gov  Mass.gov  NV.gov  Oregon.gov  Vermont.gov  Access.wa.gov  http://www.legislature.mi.gov/pu

blications/MichiganManual/2009- 2010/09-10_MM_IX_pp_01- 03_Issue_Becomes.pdf

Appendix

How big will they grow How much is used Amount comparisons Measurements

Michigan’s Picture: Some unintended consequences

 Water usage

 Each Plant takes about 6 gallons per day, over 150 day growing

cycle, if gown outside

 If gown inside it lowers to about half that amount or 3 gallons per

day.

 This equals 450 to 900 gallons of water per plant

 Electrical usage from grow lights.

 One 600 watt grow bulb, uses 5256 KWH per year  Average household use is 500 to 700 KWH per month in Michigan

Michigan’s Picture: Recreational Marijuana

 April 26, 2018

 The Michigan Board of Canvassers approved the signatures

collected for the citizens’ initiative to “Regulate Marijuana like Alcohol”

 June 5th, 2018

 Legislature took no action; the initiative will be on the ballot in

November

 If approved by Michigan Citizens in November

 Initiative would become a public act, requiring a ¾ majority of

legislature to change or amend the act

How big will they grow

 According to, It is best to keep your cannabis plants in

pots varying between 1.5 – 3 gallons, 3 gallons being the

• norm. If you have a lot of room in your grow space then

you may even want to consider 5 gallon pots.

How much is used

 Medical patients average use between 1 or 2 grams per

day, pulling in about 1 or 2 ounces per month. In theory, you could be harvesting every 2 months because there are around 60 days of a flowering period. If you want 2 ounces a month, you have to harvest twice the amount, in this case, 4 ounces of cannabis.

How big will they grow

3 gallon pot 1 gallon pot Leaves have been trimmed. Only buds remain.

Eli Bilton grew this cannabis plant to a height of 16. His goal is to grow a 75-foot to 100-foot tall plant.

Amount comparisons

1/2 ounce 1 ounce

What does 2.5 oz look like?

www.marijuana.com/community/threads/

”i would say like 50 but it really depends

• n how much you put in them.”

“At least 25 (1+ grammers) or as many as 60 (1/2 grammers)”

“That's like asking how many glasses can be poured from a half gallon of milk. It all depends on the size of the glasses. If each joint contains a third of a gram of weed, you could get 85 of them. If each joint contains a gram and a half of weed, you'd get 19 of them. There is no "standard size" for joints.”

1 Ounce = How many Joints?

“I can roll 0.1 gram joints so technically i could make a half ounce 140 joints but its up to you”

forum.grasscity.com

“I got 6 joints out of 2 grams, so I'd say 42”