Lead Abatement for Workers Course 1 Learning Objectives In this - - PDF document

Chapter 1 Lead Abatement for Workers Course

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Learning Objectives

• In this section you will learn:

–What lead is –Why lead was used –Where lead is found today –How you can be exposed to lead –About the lead paint problem in the U.S.

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What is Lead?

• Lead is a heavy, soft, flexible, blue-gray metal
• The chemical symbol for lead is “Pb”

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Lead-based paint is . . .

“Paint, varnish, shellac,

• r other coating on

surfaces that contain 1.0 mg/cm2 or more of lead

• r 0.5% (5,000 ppm) or

more lead by weight.”

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Why was lead used in paint?

• It prevents corrosion
• It kills mold and mildew
• It is easy to shape
• It is strong
• It blocks radiation
• It blocks sound
• It helps paint dry faster
• It adds color to and brightens paint

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Where is lead found?

• Paint
• Dust
• Air
• Soil
• Gasoline
• Industrial releases
• Food
• Water
• Hobbies
• Other

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How You Can Be Exposed

• Lead dust particles, not even visible to the

eye, can be breathed or swallowed

• Touching surfaces covered with lead dust

may result in eating the dust

• Children are especially at risk for lead

poisoning because they often put their fingers into their mouths

• Symptoms of lead poisoning are the same

as other common illnesses

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Jobs and Hobbies with Lead Exposure

• Jobs

–Construction trades (e.g., lead abatement workers, carpenters, plumbers, remodelers/renovators, painters, etc.) –Industrial trades (e.g., lead miners, lead smelter workers, lead crystal makers, etc.) –Other trades (e.g., firing range employees, police officers, artists, car mechanics, printers, etc.)

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The Lead Problem in the U.S.

• About 38 million homes contain lead-based

paint –87% of homes built before 1940 –24% of homes built between 1960-1979

• Paint containing more than 0.06% lead cannot

be used in homes, on furniture, or on toys

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For More Information

• Many resources are available

– Protect Your Family From Lead in Your Home – Home Water Treatment Units: Filtering Fact From Fiction – Lead Paint Safety: A Field Guide for Painting, Home Maintenance, and Renovation Work – Toxics Information Series on Lead

• Other resources

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

Health Effects of Lead

Chapter 2 Lead Abatement for Workers Course

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Learning Objectives

• In this section you will learn:

– How lead enters the body – How children are affected by lead – How lead levels in the body are measured – How lead poisoning can be prevented

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Routes of Exposure to Lead

• Eating (Ingestion)

– Lead particles on hands transferred to food, drinks, cigarettes

• Breathing (Inhalation)

– Lead particles in the air

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

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How Lead Can Harm Your Body

• Heart and Blood System

– Lead attaches to red blood cells – Prevents cells from carrying oxygen – Damages the red blood cells – Reduces ability to make more red blood cells – May cause high blood pressure

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How Lead Can Harm Your Body

• Kidneys

– 65% of lead in blood is filtered in kidneys – Lead can damage kidneys – Often damage is not detected until it’s too late – Can cause kidney failure

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How Lead Can Harm Your Body

• Nervous System

– Most affected by lead – Damage can be permanent – Lead can damage the brain and destroy brain cells – Damage can result in depression, irritability, forgetfulness, clumsiness, learning disability – High exposure can result in hallucinations, coma, and even death

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How Lead Can Harm Your Body

• Bone Tissue

– Lead from blood is deposited in bones – Prevents calcium release into blood – Blocks production of new blood cells – Bones and teeth store 95% of lead in body – Stored in bone tissues for over 30 years – Under stress, lead is released from bone tissue

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How Lead Can Harm Your Body

• Female Reproductive Health & Pregnancy

– Reduces fertility – Affects menstruation and menopause – During pregnancy, body absorbs blood lead more quickly (50% of inhaled/ingested lead) – Lead passes through placenta to fetus – May cause brain damage to fetus – May cause miscarriage or premature birth – May be released from bones back to blood

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How Lead Can Harm Your Body

• Male Reproductive System

– Decreased libido – Infertility – Damage to sperm, decreased motility – Increases spouses chance of miscarriage, premature birth, and birth defects in child

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How Lead Can Harm Your Body

• Children

– Small doses of lead are dangerous – Toddlers (1-3 years) especially at risk because they crawl on floors and put things in mouth – May affect ability to learn – Poor muscle and bone development – Coordination problems – Speech and language problems

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Signs of Lead Poisoning

• Tiredness
• Sleep problems
• Dizziness
• Irritability
• Nervousness
• Headaches
• Difficulty concentrating
• Depression
• Forgetfulness
• Hyperactivity (children)
• Numbness
• Wrist or foot drop
• Weakness
• Clumsiness
• Joint and muscle pain
• Vomiting
• Loss of Appetite
• Stomach aches
• Constipation
• Metal taste in mouth
• Problems having

healthy children

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Health Effects of Lead Poisoning

• Anemia
• High blood pressure
• Damage to blood

cell formation

• Kidney disease
• Brain damage
• Nerve damage
• Decreased fertility
• Premature births
• Miscarriages

Some health effects of lead poisoning are reversible (such as kidney damage, others are permanent (such as wrist drop).

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Testing for Lead in the Body

• Blood lead level - amount of lead in the

blood

– Blood lead level (BLL) test – Zinc protporphyrin (ZPP) test

• BLL test shows exposure within last 6-8

weeks (g/dL)

• ZPP is produced when lead blocks formation
• f blood (not as accurate as BLL test)

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Understanding Units

• A microgram (g) is a measure of weight.

– 1,000,000 g = 1 gram (g)

• A penny weighs about 2 grams

– If a penny is cut into 2 million pieces, one piece would weigh 1 g

• A deciliter (dL) is a measure of volume.

– 1 dL = about 1/2 cup – A person weighing 165 pounds has about 60 deciliters of blood

Adult Reactions to Lead

15 g/dL 25 g/dL 40 g/dL 60 g/dL 80 g/dL and over

Increase in blood pressure; harmful effects on fetus; joint and muscle aches Reproductive problems Kidney damage; damage to blood formation Anemia; nerve damage; constipation; stomach pains; irritability and fatigue; memory and concentration problems; clumsiness; sleep problems Blue line on gums; uncontrollable shaking of hands; wrist and foot drop; hallucinations; brain damage; coma; death

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Blood Lead Level Possible Health Effects

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10 g/dL 20 g/dL 40 g/dL 50 g/dL 100 g/dL and over

Slight loss in IQ; hearing and growth problems Moderate loss in IQ; hyperactivity; poor attention span; difficulty learning; language and speech problems; slower reflexes Poor bone and muscle development; clumsiness; lack of coordination; early anemia; decreased red blood cells; tiredness; drowsiness Stomach aches and cramps; anemia; destruction of red blood cells; brain damage Swelling of brain; seizures; coma; death

Child Reactions to Lead

Blood Lead Level Possible Health Effects

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Preventing Lead Poisoning

• Abatement—remove the lead hazard

permanently

• Interim controls—control the lead

hazard until abatement

• Use safe work practices during a lead

abatement project

– Don’t create a lead hazard while you work

• Eat a balanced diet

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Good Nutrition

• Diets high in iron and calcium can

reduce lead absorption by the body

• Eat foods high in iron

– Cheese, fish, meat, eggs, spinach, beans, raisins, almonds, etc.

• Eat foods high in calcium

– Milk, cheese, ice cream, yogurt, bread, fish, meat, beans, broccoli, fruits, nuts, etc.

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

Summary

• How does lead enter our bodies?
• How does lead harm a child?
• How does lead harm an adult?
• How do doctors or nurses measure for

lead in our bodies?

• How can you prevent lead poisoning?

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

Laws, Regulations, & Standards

Chapter 3 Lead Abatement for Workers Course

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Chapter 3 Lead Abatement for Workers Course

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Learning Objectives

• You will learn about:

– The Federal guidelines on lead – The Federal laws and regulations that protect workers and the environment – Your State, Tribal, and local laws and regulations for lead

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Laws

• Occupational Safety and Health

Administration (OSHA)

– Worker safety and health

• Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

– Worker, public, and environmental protection

• Department of Housing and Urban

Development (HUD)

– Guidelines and requirements for lead-based paint hazard control

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OSHA

• Know the laws that protect you!
• Workers have the right to:

– A safe workplace – Be protected from hazards such as lead or chemicals – File a complaint with OSHA – Exercise health and safety rights without being fined or harassed

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OSHA Lead in Construction Standard

• Applies to all workers doing construction

work

• Sets limits on how much lead you can

breathe

– Action Level (AL)

• 30 µg/m3

– Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL)

• 50 µg/m3

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

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Air Sampling

• Must be done to find out how much lead

you are exposed to

• Each job must be sampled
• Each shift must be sampled
• You must be told how much lead you

are exposed to

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OSHA’s Lead- related Tasks

• Class 1 tasks

– Manual demolition – Manual scraping or sanding – Using a heat gun – Power tool cleaning with dust collection systems – Spray painting with lead-based paint

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OSHA’s Lead- related Tasks

• Class 2 tasks

– Using lead-based mortar – Burning lead – Rivet busting – Power tool cleaning without dust collection systems – Cleanup activities where abrasives are used – Moving or tearing down the enclosure used for abrasive blasting

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

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OSHA’s Lead- related Tasks

• Class 3 tasks

– Abrasive blasting – Welding – Cutting – Torch burning

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Which respirator?

• Depends on exposure

– Class 1

• Must protect you as if your exposure

is above the PEL (> 50 µg/m3)

– Class 2

• Must protect you as if your exposure

is above 10 times the PEL (>500 µg/m3)

– Class 3

• Must protect you as if your exposure

is above 50 times the PEL (>2,500 µg/m3)

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What does my employer have to do?

• Your employer has to protect you from

the hazards in your workplace!

• Your employer has to do everything

possible to keep the levels of lead in the air LOW!

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What other PPE do I need?

• If the work area has lead in the air

above the PEL

– Coveralls – Gloves – Disposable shoe covers (booties) – Face shield or vented goggles – Hat

• Adequate head protection based on the

hazards present in the work area

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Your workplace

• Should be kept clean
• Should have a clean

place for you to change and wash

• Should have warning

signs posted

WARNING LEAD WORK AREA POISON NO SMOKING OR EATING

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You must be trained!

• If you work with lead at or above the AL
• Doing any of the tasks listed under

Class 1, 2, or 3

• Using any lead compounds that cause

eye or skin irritation

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

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Recordkeeping

• Your employer must keep records of

– Your exposure – Types of respiratory protection worn – Your name and social security number – All medical surveillance information – Training – Medical removal situations

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Recordkeeping

• These records must be kept for at least

30 years

– Exception: training records have to be kept for 1 year after you leave that employer

• You have the right to see these records

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Medical Surveillance

• Special exams are required when you

work with lead

• Two types

– Biological monitoring – Medical surveillance program

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

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Biological Monitoring

• Two blood tests

– Blood lead level – Zinc protoporphyrin (ZPP)

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Medical Surveillance Program

• Required if you are exposed to lead at
• r above the AL for more than 30 days

in a year

• Three types of exams

– Blood tests – 6-part medical exam – Medical exam and consultation

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Medical Exam

• You have the right to ask

for an exam if:

– You feel sick with any signs or symptoms of lead poisoning – Your BLL is 40 µg/dL or above – You want to have children – You have difficulty breathing while wearing a respirator

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

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Medical Removal

• You must be

medically removed from the lead exposure on your job if

– Your BLL reaches 50 µg/dL – Your doctor gives you a written medical

• pinion

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Title X (“Ten”)

• Title X was passed to

– Make sure people working with lead are trained – Reduce childhood lead poisoning – Come up with less expensive ways to get rid of lead-based paint hazards – Let the public know about the dangers and sources of lead poisoning

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Who has to be trained?

• EPA or your State/Tribe requires you to

be trained and certified.

• The other people working with lead that

must be trained and certified are:

– Contractors/supervisors – Inspectors – Risk assessors – Abatement planners (designers)

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When does lead-based paint become a hazard?

• Has deteriorated
• Is on a friction or impact surface
• Is on a chewable surface and there are

teeth marks

When does lead-based paint become a hazard?

• There is lead in the dust equal to or

greater than the EPA levels

– Dust level on floors 10 µg/ft2 – Dust level on window sills 100 µg/ft2

• There is lead in the soil equal to or higher

than the EPA levels

– 400 parts per million (ppm) in a play area – Average of 1,200 ppm in the rest of the yard

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How do you protect the people living in the housing?

• Your State/Tribe or

EPA requires an

• ccupant protection

plan be written before abatement begins!

Occupant Protection Plan

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

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Identifying Lead-Based Paint Hazards

Chapter 4 Lead Abatement for Workers Course

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Learning Objectives

In this Chapter you will learn about Lead dust Lead inspections When LBP inspections are required Risk assessments How inspectors/risk assessors test for LBP and LBP hazards

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Where is LBP Found?

Pre-1978 homes

Exterior Interior

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Inspections

Checking for LBP

Surfaces tested include

Painted Stained Varnished shellacked

Done by certified lead inspector or risk assessor Check your State laws!

Lead-based Paint

Title X

EPA and HUD have notification requirements before renting or selling housing built before 1978!

For Sale

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What a lead inspector does

Sketch of the home Looks for lead-based paint on all “painted” surfaces Document each sample

1 Kitchen 2 3 4 5 Bath Sample House Diagram Street

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

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Risk Assessment

Differs from a LBP inspection

LBP inspection tells you where the LBP is A risk assessment tells you if there are LBP hazards in or around the home

Must be done by a certified Risk Assessor Looks at sources of lead-based paint hazards

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Ways to test for LBP

Paint chip analysis XRF ASV Wet chemical field test kits

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Ways to Determine if Lead is Present in Dust and Soil

Dust wipe tests Soil sampling

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

EPA/HUD Dust Hazard Levels

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SURFACE LEAD IN DUST Floors 40 µg/ft2

Window sills

250 µg/ft2

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

Building Comp mponents ts

Objective: To describe the architectural components of residential buildings

Bui uildi ding ng Comp mponents ts

• Inspectors and Risk Assessors

should know the names of building components for several reasons:

– Proper identification of building components during an inspection or risk assessment, which may lead to some type of response action – A contractor performing some response will have to know the names

• f such components as identified in the

inspection

Window

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

Door

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Stairs Wall

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Porch Porch

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

Controlling Lead-Based Paint Hazards

Chapter 5 Lead Abatement for Workers Course

Learning Objectives

In this Chapter you will learn about

Title X Where is lead a hazard Who reduces lead hazards Lead paint abatement Interim controls Special cleaning techniques O&M programs

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Reducing Lead-Based Paint Hazards

Lead dust is the most common cause of lead poisoning in children. Title X—Residential Lead-Based Paint Hazard Reduction Act of 1992—was designed to reduce lead-based paint hazards.

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

What is a LBP Hazard?

Any condition that causes enough exposure to lead to cause ill health Six situations where lead is a hazard

Deteriorated LBP LBP on friction surfaces LBP on impact surfaces Lead-painted surfaces that a child can chew on Lead-contaminated dust Lead-contaminated soil

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

Where is LBP Found?

Public and private buildings constructed before 1978, including

Homes Schools Libraries Hospitals

Bridges and other steel structures

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

Who Reduces LBP Hazards?

Certified small and large contractors Community organizations and tenant associations Public employees Homeowners Contractors, supervisors, and workers

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How Will Lead Hazards Be Reduced?

Title X provides a detailed plan for reducing lead hazards

Standards developed by EPA, HUD, and OSHA Public education Pre-renovation notification Notification and Disclosure Rule Certification requirements

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Title X: Two-Step Plan for Reducing Lead Hazards

Evaluate lead hazards

Which homes take priority? Who might get poisoned? How can lead hazards be minimized?

Reduce lead hazards

Abatement vs. interim controls

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

Abatement ...

… is a set of actions that permanently eliminate lead-based paint hazards

Replacement Removal Enclosure and encapsulation Cleanup of lead dust Removal or permanent covering of lead- contaminated soil Site preparation and cleanup Waste disposal Final inspections and clearance testing

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Interim Controls ...

. . . are actions that reduce a lead hazard temporarily

Education programs Special cleaning methods Repairs, repainting, and maintenance

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

Interim Control Plan for a House

These actions can reduce lead exposure in a home

Do a special cleaning Do small repairs to windows to reduce lead dust Wet scrape edges and loose paint Wash entire house with cleaning solution again Have clearance dust wipe testing done by a certified inspector or risk assessor Repaint wet-scraped surfaces with non- lead-based paint

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In-Place Management

Needed whenever interim controls are used and lead-based painted surfaces remain Can help prevent lead poisoning

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In-place management should include:

Education Training Written program Lead program manager Ongoing monitoring Recordkeeping

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

Holistic Approach to Lead Hazard Control

Lead work should always be part of the maintenance approach Long term maintenance issues should be considered

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Special Cleaning Methods

Should be used when working with lead-based painted surfaces Can be used alone to control lead dust Must be used with abatement methods Should be used with interim control methods Two methods work well

HEPA vacuums All-purpose cleaners or lead-specific cleaners

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Use of HEPA Vacuums

Lightly mist area with water to minimize dust levels Move slowly Vacuum all surfaces Use special attachments Maintain the vacuum in good condition

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

Wet Cleaning

Some detergents contain TSP (trisodium phosphate) Other special cleaners

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

The Four-Step System

Step 1: Spray or pour on the cleaning solution Step 2: Wash surfaces with cleaning solution Step 3: Squeeze out dirty rag or mop head Step 4: Rinse the surfaces

Remember to repeat the HEPA vacuum process!

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

SETUP

Chapter 6 Lead Abatement for Workers Course

Learning Objectives

How to keep lead out of the air How to protect yourself from lead while you work What a lead job looks like How to clean the work room How to set up the work room How to set up a decontamination area How to use the decontamination area

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Working with Lead

All lead paint abatement methods create dust Burning lead creates lead fumes

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

Rules for Lead Work

• 1. Keep dust levels down
• 2. Contain the work area
• 3. Follow good hygiene practices
• 4. Use personal protective gear
• 5. Clean up

4

Keep Lead Dust Levels Down!

Avoid methods that create a lot of dust and waste Use a HEPA vacuum Use wet methods

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Contain the Work Area

Protect non-leaded surfaces from lead dust This practice keeps lead dust from spreading Keep everyone except workers away from the lead Clean up will be easier

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

Use Protective Gear and Clothing

Respirators Disposable coveralls Nonskid booties Gloves Protective eye gear

DO NOT take lead dust home on work clothes!

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~~~ CAUTION ~~~

Don’t take lead dust home!

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Follow Good Hygiene Practices

Wash your hands and face each time you leave the work area Washing up before leaving the work area prevents

Getting lead in your mouth You from poisoning yourself NEVER eat, drink, smoke or put on makeup in the work area!

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

Cleanup

Prevents further exposures to lead Protects you while you work Keeps harmful dust levels down Prevents the spread of lead dust

Good cleanup is required for an abatement job to pass the final inspection.

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Setup

A good setup is very important on an abatement job Before doing any work find out

If you will need protective gear If you will need a respirator

Check State regulations for work area preparation

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Setup Check List

Put up warning signs.

Only people working on the lead-paint abatement should enter the job site Occupants may return after the job passes a final clearance inspection Warning signs should be posted at the exits and entrances of areas to be abated

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

OSHA Warning Sign

WARNING

LEAD WORK AREA POISON NO SMOKING, EATING, OR DRINKING

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OSHA Warning Sign

(Spanish)

PELIGRO

PLOMO EN ESTE AREA ES VENENOSO NO FUMAR, TOMAR, O COMER

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

Setup Check List

Identify work site safety hazards

Identify hazards before starting the job Post warning signs that say “DANGER” until the problem is repaired

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

Setup Check List

Clean and remove anything you can move

Chairs, desks, computers, bookcases,

• ffice supplies, paintings, cooking pans,

books, lamps, tables, etc.

Clean, cover, and seal the things you cannot move

Radiators, installed cabinets, etc.

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

Setup Check List

Shut off and seal off ventilation system

Lead dust goes where air goes Lock the electrical box and label it with a tag

DANGER DO NOT OPERATE

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Setup Check List

Provide ventilation (airflow) for workers

Negative air machine Makeup air

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

Setup Check List

Do necessary repair work

Collapsed stairways, ceiling floors, etc. Moisture damage Damaged plaster Water systems

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

Setup Check List

Shut off and lock out electricity

Small jobs Large jobs Turning off wall switches is not enough Temporary power

DANGER DO NOT OPERATE

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Setup Check List

Setup the decontamination and wash areas

Enter and exit the work area through the decon Setup decon in a clean area Large-scale jobs

Dirty room; shower; clean change area

Small-scale jobs

Must have separate clean change and storage area 30

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

Setup Check List

Mop and seal the floors

Cover dry floor with two layers of 6 mil poly Look for tears in the poly as you work Repair rips as soon as you notice them

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

Setup Check List

Bring in equipment and tools

Ensure that needed tools are in the work room before abatement begins

Cleaning equipment Negative air machines Scaffolding Ladders

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

Setup Check List

Seal off the work site

Prevents people from passing through accidentally Must be dust tight Seal may not be broken until

Abatement is complete, AND Area passes final clearance

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Setup Check List

Separate “dirty work” area from the rest

• f the work area

Helps control the transfer of dust. Put up an air lock Seal vents Do not remove debris through “cleaner” areas Avoid tracking dust

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

Setup Check List

Set up locked storage space for waste.

Must not be accessible to children or animals Put up a warning sign that says: “DANGER LEAD WASTE” If applicable, inform rental company Lay a path of poly to storage space

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

Setup Check List

Secure the work site

Helps to prevent

Vandalism Loss of property

Keeps people from entering the contaminated area Lock doors and windows

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

Setup Check List

for Interim Controls

Warning signs and mark off area Keep people out of the work area Wear protective gear as appropriate

Label rugs and send them out to be cleaned

Clean and seal what remains in the area Turn off HVAC

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Setup Check List

for Interim Controls

Seal air vents and openings Place layers of poly at least 6 feet in every direction from work area Bring all tools and equipment into the work area Seal off work site from the rest of the building

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These are not Interim Controls

Stripping Demolition Paint removal Component replacement Use a full abatement setup for these activities.

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

Abatement Methods

Chapter 7 Lead Abatement for Workers Course

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Learning Objectives

In this section you will learn about the four basic methods of lead abatement:

Replacement Enclosure Encapsulation Removal

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Lead Paint Abatement “Methods used to permanently get rid of LBP hazards.”

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

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Lead Paint Abatement

Replacement Enclosure Encapsulation Paint removal

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Replacement

Removing lead-based painted components and replacing them with “lead free” components

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

Replacement

Quick way to remove LBP Permanent solution Can improve building through upgrades Can lower heating bills and maintenance costs May involve demolition work Can create a lot of dust PPE may be necessary

Pros Cons

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

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Enclosure

A rigid, mechanically affixed barrier Surface preparation is necessary (e.g., remove peeling paint, deglossing) “Source” problems must be fixed (e.g., water leaks) LBP surfaces must be labeled Personal protective equipment may be needed

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

Enclosing Stairs

caulk rubber tread plywood

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Enclosure

Uses locally available materials Durable and long- lasting Low generation of waste and dust LBP is still there LBP may be disturbed during routine work

• n enclosure

Enclosed surfaces must be monitored for damage

Pros Cons

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

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Encapsulation

A liquid, paint-like material Surface preparation is critical Must be strong but flexible Must provide complete coverage Personal protective equipment may be needed Wallpaper, contact paper, and new paint are NOT encapsulants!

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

Encapsulation

Little dust is generated Lower cost than other abatement options Many choices are available LBP is still there LBP may be disturbed during routine work

• n enclosure

Not useful for impact

• r friction surfaces

Could create hazardous waste

Pros Cons

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Paint Removal

Taking off lead-based paint Dust generation must be controlled Many options are available

Wet scraping Wet planing Electric heat guns Local-exhaust hand tools Chemical stripping

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

Paint Removal

LBP is gone! Useful for historic preservation projects

• r detailed

components Tedious and time- consuming Dust is generated Strippers create hazardous waste Surface must be properly prepared or new surface will fail

Pros Cons

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

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Prohibited Methods

Torch or flame burning Open abrasive blasting Machine sanding (unless it has a HEPA filter) Using a heat gun over 1,100° F Dry sanding and scraping (except in small areas)

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

Methods Not Recommended

On-site use of methylene chloride Dry scraping

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

Cleanup, Disposal & Clearance

Chapter 8 Lead Abatement for Workers Course

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Learning Objectives

In this Chapter you will learn

The importance of good cleanup What cleanup materials to use How to do daily cleanup How to do final cleanup What the clearance levels are How to handle waste How to dispose of hazardous waste

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When should cleanup happen?

Before During After abatement/interim controls

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

Lead dust is difficult to remove because:

It is fine It may not be visible It sticks to surfaces It has to be rubbed off It collects and packs into cracks

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

Demonstration: How much “lead dust” does it take to poison a child?

Cleanup Materials

Protective suit and respirator Work gloves and eye protection Hand-pumped water sprayer Labeled heavy-duty plastic bags (6 mil poly) HEPA vacuum cleaner Cleaner Sponges, rags, mops Special containers for hazardous waste (if needed)

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

Daily Cleanup

Leave enough time at the end of the day for daily cleanup Helps keep lead dust levels down Required by OSHA Makes final cleanup easier

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Cleanup Steps

Wrap up and label large debris

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

Cleanup Steps

Wet mop the floor; bag and label small debris HEPA vacuum all surfaces

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

Cleanup Steps

Check poly and repair any tears or rips

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Final Cleanup

Three stages

1 Special cleaning

HEPA vacuum all surfaces/ Wet Wash/HEPA

2 Painting and resealing 3 HEPA/Wet Wash/HEPA (again)

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

Final Cleanup

Phase 1 of final cleanup

Wait at least one hour before beginning stage one of final cleanup; By then all airborne dust should have settled.

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

Final Cleanup

Visual Inspection

A certified lead-based paint inspector or risk assessor will

Check the surfaces that were abated Look for dust

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

Final Cleanup

Stage 2: Painting and sealing

All abated surfaces should be primed or sealed

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

Final Cleanup

Stage 3: Repeat special cleaning

Wait at least 12-24 hours after painting/sealing before beginning stage 3 Repeat

HEPA vac Wet wash HEPA vac cleaning on all surfaces

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

Final Clearance

FINAL CLEARANCE STANDARDS (Dust Wipe Samples) Floors 40 µg/ft2 Window Sills (Stools) 250 µg/ft2 Window Troughs 400 µg/ft2

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

CAREFUL CLEANUP

=

SUCCESSFUL CLEARANCE SAMPLES!

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Waste Disposal

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

Waste Disposal

In many States, residential lead abatement or renovation debris is not hazardous waste

Careful handling of all LBP waste is important!

In some States, the waste must be tested to see if it’s hazardous using the TCLP (Toxicity Characteristic Leachate Procedure)

Hazardous Waste

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

Hazardous Waste Disposal

Separate the waste Store it in special containers in a secure area. Use a licensed transporter Take it to a licensed disposal site Use a hazardous waste manifest

HAZARDOUS WASTE

HANDLE WITH CARE! 55-GALLON DRUM

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

Soil Abatement & Cleanup

Chapter 9 Lead Abatement for Workers Course

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Learning Objectives

Why lead in soil is a health hazard How lead exposure from soil can be controlled

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Lead-Contaminated Soil

Sources of lead contamination in soil

Deteriorated LBP Industrial emissions Gasoline

A hazard to children who play in contaminated soil because they might eat the lead Can contribute to interior dust if tracked into home

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

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Soil Hazard Control

Hazard control options for soil-lead hazards include:

Abatement

Remove and replace soil Cover with cement or asphalt

Interim controls

Plant grass Lay sod Cover with mulch or gravel

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

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Soil-Lead Hazard Levels

Residential play areas

400 ppm

Other yard areas

Average of 1,200 ppm

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation

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Soil Abatement

Small yards may require hand removal with shovels and wheelbarrows Large yards will allow use of larger mechanical tools or trucks

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Exterior Dust Cleaning

Soil abatement may cause contamination of surrounding concrete, brick, or asphalt surfaces

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Environmental Education Associates, Inc. USEPA Lead Abatement Worker Initial Course Presentation