KM3NeT core-collapse supernova & high energy neutrino alerts Massimiliano Lincetto Aix-Marseille Univ., CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille ASTERICS European Data Provider Forum 2018 Heidelberg, 27-28 June 2018
The multi-messenger astronomy era SN1987A IC170922 / TXS 0506+056 ? GW170817 / GRB170817 LIGO, Virgo, Fermi-GBM, INTEGRAL, Astrophys.J. 848 (2017) no.2, L13 2
KM3NeT and the neutrino universe KM3NeT consists of two deep-sea Cherenkov detectors with difgerentiated physics potentials. Neutrinos Many sources spanning over several order of magnitudes of energy. Candidate messengers for difgerent kinds of violent hadronic astrophysical processes. Rich phenomenology (oscillations, matter efgects, supernova explosions etc.)! Elaboration from Katz, U.F. et al. Prog.Part.Nucl.Phys. 67 (2012) 651-704 arXiv:1111.0507 3
KM3NeT multi-messenger capabilities KM3NeT detectors share a common multi-messenger strategy! Real time full sky search! High energy astrophysical neutrinos will be reconstructed on-line, sending directional information to the community. Supernova neutrino burst detection relies on the observation of a collective increase in PMT rates. 4
KM3NeT in the multi-messenger scenario Follow-up of neutrino alerts Joint sub-threshold analysis CTA LSST KM3NeT HAWC SKA LIGO/VIRGO SVOM ELT Follow-up of EM/GW alerts Offmine time/space correlation search TAROT with catalogs (GRB, AGN, XRB, SN, FRB…) 5
KM3NeT online framework Track reconstructions ORCA Cascade reconstructions Online Control Module External Online data Telescopes SN bufgering Identifjcation Event selection and archive Data-taking Alert Online physics monitoring processing analysis Alert External Low level data management reporting bufgering (VO, GCN) (GCN, Atel) SNEWS Useful Tools External IVOA/CDS partners Track /Asterics management reconstructions ARCA Cascade reconstructions SN Identifjcation External alert IVOA Brokers Data-taking (VO, GCN, mail) monitoring Filters Low level data bufgering 6
Online reconstruction of neutrino events From offmine to online : aim to have matching performances Online calibration (charge, time, position) Tracks Cascades ANTARES ANTARES Fast (< 1 min, goal ~ 10 s) alert sending with very good angular resolution especially for cascade-like events. 7
Towards a public alert system ANTARES alert brokers: * GCN socket: TAROT, ZADKO, MASTER, INTEGRAL * VO Event: MWA, HESS, SVOM, AMON * Mail: Swift For KM3NeT : defjne a standard VO event : For ANTARES , all neutrino information are private . Need * ID MoU with external partners. * Time, * RA, DEC, error 50% * Energy proxy Alert Message: * Reconstruction quality * ID * probability neutrino * Time, * type of neutrino * RA, DEC, error 50% * Multiplicity * Energy proxy * Type of trigger * Reconstruction quality + develop one alert brokers with * probability neutrino difgerent types of alerts * Multiplicity, type of trigger Only one real-time message 8
Data partners IVOA provides useful tools to format alert messages ( VO Event ), to set brokers ( Comet ) and some useful tools to planned observations ( STARALT, OVAP, OLAP …) CDS provides tools for source identifjcation ( Simbad, Aladin, Aladin-Little, VizieR, Xmatch …) Asterics DADI: ROAst (to be verifjed) 9
Core-collapse supernova detection Supernova neutrinos reach the Earth few hours before optical observation is possible! Very low energy for KM3NeT, no individual event reconstruction. Monitoring of PMT single and coincidence rates for collective increases , signature of a SN neutrino burst. Real-time background rejection (atm. muons) for improvement of the trigger performance. KM3NeT ORCA + ARCA CCSN @ 10 kpc Garching 27MSun Single hits ~ 3x10^5 Coincidences ~ 500 Chakraborty, Sovan et al. Phys.Rev. D89 (2014) no.1, 013011 10
Supernova sensitivity and online trigger Unknown onset time Online trigger Offmine sensitivity (known onset time) Room for improvement (optimization of ARCA muon veto, use of time-domain analysis methods) Offmine to online 10 Hz sampling of the background over a 0.5 s time window. 11
SN alerts and data bufgering Offmine physics analyses Trigger alerts (light curve, etc.) Low level Internal self-testing data bufgering ➢ high false rate SNEWS global network KM3NeT ➢ 1 false alert / week SN trigger DAQ ctrl Georg Raffelt 12
Conclusions ● Development of a rich multi-messenger program for the KM3NeT ORCA and ARCA neutrino telescopes. ● Towards an open public alert policy. ● Fast alerts for high-energy astrophysical neutrinos (with directional information ) and for low-energy neutrino bursts from galactic core-collapse supernovae . ● Integration with several data partners and alert networks . 13
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