John Milne Clark County Public Works Vancouver, WA, US A IPWEA NZ - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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John Milne Clark County Public Works Vancouver, WA, US A IPWEA NZ - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Aug 21, 2023 512 likes •983 views

IPWEA NZ CONFERENCE 2020 DUNEDIN ustainability: Life, Liberty and the Pursuit of Negative Entropy S Part 2: Transportation, R esiliency and Artificial Intelligence John Milne Clark County Public Works Vancouver, WA, US A IPWEA NZ

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John Milne

Clark County Public Works Vancouver, WA, US A S ustainability: “ Life, Liberty and the Pursuit of Negative Entropy” Part 2: Transportation, R esiliency and Artificial Intelligence

IPWEA NZ CONFERENCE 2020 DUNEDIN

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EDINBUR EDINBURGH LIKE DUNEDIN, BUT FUR GH LIKE DUNEDIN, BUT FURTHER THER

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Learn Learnin ing Ob g Objectiv jectives es

Ob Objectiv jective 1 e 1 - Use the “entropy-based resource management” organizing principle to help your community achieve a sustainable economy and environment Ob Objectiv jective 2 e 2 - Develop holistic, multi-resource strategies for sustainability, resiliency (to climate change) and the advent of driverless cars and autonomous vehicles Ob Objectiv jective 3 e 3 - Assess how you might collaborate with other disciplines to integrate your current research into a comprehensive and effective sustainability strategy

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Does y Does you

  • ur c

r commu

  • mmunity n

ity need eed a..... a.....

  • Sustainable land use plan?
  • Sustainable roadway grid?
  • Strategy for climate change?
  • Strategy for driverless cars?
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EDINBUR EDINBURGH LIKE DUNEDIN, BUT FUR GH LIKE DUNEDIN, BUT FURTHER THER

Ar Are y e you

  • ur.....
  • Commutes miserable?
  • Air quality alert days increasing?
  • Wetlands drying up?
  • Summer stream flows lower and more polluted?
  • Wells drying up?

.....entropy-based resource management is for you!

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Con Concep cept

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EDINBUR EDINBURGH LIKE DUNEDIN, BUT FUR GH LIKE DUNEDIN, BUT FURTHER THER

Sus Sustainability ainability “M “Mr. M Malthus – mee meet Mr t Mr. Smu . Smuts” ts”

http://centerforsi.org/index.php/2018/05/11/clark/

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En Entr trop

  • py-b
  • based

ased r resou esource man ce manag agemen ement t

  • Natural processes always minimize energy loss and leave all resources in a state of

minimum entropy afterwards

  • The resource is always maintained in its highest, most ordered state, at the

highest energy level possible

Try to create and maintain order, to “create negative entropy”, in all things, in all places, at all times

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Na Natu tural Ex al Examp amples les

  • 1. Snowpack

Water in solid phase at the highest possible potential energy ….next best thing??

  • 2. High groundwater

Water in liquid phase at the highest possible potential energy “Pu “Pump mp u up th the gr e grou

  • undwater (th

er (then en p plan lant e t ever erywh wher ere) e)” ”

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EDINBUR EDINBURGH LIKE DUNEDIN, BUT FUR GH LIKE DUNEDIN, BUT FURTHER THER

Th The en e entr trop

  • py-b
  • based

ased r resou esource man ce manag agemen ement “ t “or

  • rgan

anizin izing g princ principle iple”…. …...

  • Brings separate initiatives, covering multiple resources, together in a

holistic sustainability strategy

  • Establishes order, not only on the molecular scale, but also in all other

management, planning and regulatory operations. .........and does it quickly and cost effectively

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Th The e e effect ective s e stor

  • rage a

e and f frugal u use of e of ou

  • ur n

natural r res esou

  • urces

ces:

  • Use those resources we need to live sparingly
  • When you’ve got too much, store some for later when you’ll need it more
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Or Organizing p princi ciple?? e??

“Just roll the bloomin’ snowball down the hill!”

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EDINBUR EDINBURGH LIKE DUNEDIN, BUT FUR GH LIKE DUNEDIN, BUT FURTHER THER

Pa Part 2 Literature Review En Entr tropy-based tr

  • based transpo

ansport rtatio tion n st strategies

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Tr Transportation planning: “A t A tale of e of t two en

  • entrop
  • pies

es”

  • 1. Minimizing entropy in traffic management: Reducing energy use

“About the analogy between optimal transport and minimal entropy”; (Gentil et al., 2016)

  • 2. Maximizing entropy in traffic management; Optimizing choice in

transportation options and routes “Maximum Entropy and Utility in a Transportation System”; (Mazumber et al., 1999)

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Oth Other en er entr trop

  • py-b
  • based

ased tr traffic man fic manag agemen ement t t tech echniq iques es

  • 3. “Entropy in urban systems”, (Cabral et al., 2013)
  • 4. “Concept of transportation entropy and its application in traffic signal

controls”; (Zhou et al., 2013)

  • 5. “Cost-minimizing choice behaviour in transportation planning”;

(S.B. Erlander, 2010)

  • 6. “Entropy-based transportation model; a geometric programming approach”;

(Samata et al., 2003)

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Her Here. e... h have a e at it it!

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En Entr tropy-based tr

  • based transpo

ansport rtatio tion n st strategies Ap Application

  • n t

to ot

  • other

er cu curren ent i issues es

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Tr Transportation planning and land use

“Maximum Entropy and Utility in a Transportation System”; (Mazumber et al., 1999) “Both entropy and utility* can be adopted by skilful proponents to explain almost any form of transportation problem”.

*Utility = benefit from making economic choices such as home and workplace location. Important in land use planning.

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Resilien esilience t ce to clima

  • climate ch

e chan ange

Sustainability and resiliency are essentially two sides of the same coin, having essentially the same solutions: Electric vehicles:

  • use less energy (sustainability)
  • produce less greenhouse gases (resiliency)

Low Impact Development techniques:

  • recharge groundwater supplies (sustainability)
  • reduce flooding (resiliency)
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Driv Driverless c erless car ars an s and au auton

  • nomou
  • mous v

s veh ehicles icles

  • Entropy-based transportation strategies can establish energy-efficient

transportation networks, for all types of vehicles

  • In the vehicle, entropy-based (energy usage) algorithms can help
  • ptimize travel route choices
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Smart In Smart Infr fras astru tructu cture an e and Artificial In Artificial Intellig elligen ence ce

  • Smart infrastructure can be the on-the-ground embodiment of

well planned, entropy-based resource management systems

  • Artificial Intelligence software can make the operation and

maintenance of smart, entropy-based public infrastructure easier and more efficient

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En Entr trop

  • py-b
  • based

ased r resou esource man ce manag agemen ement t

“Ba “Back ck-t

  • to-b
  • -basics

cs s sustainability” ”

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“T “The Sustainable City” En Entr trop

  • py-b
  • based

ased R Resou esource Man ce Manag agemen ement Plan t Plan

Energy Water Air

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EDINBUR EDINBURGH LIKE DUNEDIN, BUT FUR GH LIKE DUNEDIN, BUT FURTHER THER Ener Energy gy

Employ entropy-based transportation strategies to minimize the work needed for home-to-work travel and all other trips. Develop energy-efficient electric vehicles to perform that work as efficiently as possible.

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Suppo Supporting rting str trategie gies: s:

  • Multi-modal transportation systems
  • Replace fossil fuels with renewable energy

Imp Implemen lementation tion measu measures: es:

  • Sustainable land use plan (“Smart Growth” plan)
  • AI-enhanced “Smart City” infrastructure and operations

Oth Other c er comp

  • mpatib

tible s le str trategies: egies:

  • Complete Streets, driverless cars, First Mile travel options, 20-minute

Neighbourhoods, roundabouts, entropy-based limits on sprawl, etc.

  • Solar energy, wind energy plus pumped storage, better batteries, artificial

photosynthesis for fuel, etc.

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EDINBUR EDINBURGH LIKE DUNEDIN, BUT FUR GH LIKE DUNEDIN, BUT FURTHER THER Wa Water

Establish and maintain high groundwater elevations in all places at all times.

(Maximize retention of the annual rainfall supply/maximize the availability of water throughout the watershed)

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Wa Water: Low entropy > high groundwater J

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Wa Water: High entropy > low groundwater L

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Suppo Supporting rting str trategie gies: s:

  • Infiltration-retention-detention hierarchy for stormwater
  • Flood flow capture and aquifer replenishment
  • Headwater wetland restoration projects
  • Trench dams in pipeline and utility trenches
  • Runoff flow control

Imp Implemen lementin ting measu g measures: es:

  • Sustainable land use plan (incorporating “envirometric overlay”)
  • “Pump up the groundwater then plant everywhere”

Oth Other c er comp

  • mpatib

tible s le str trategies: egies:

  • “One-Water” strategies, Low Impact Development BMPs, “Green

Streets”, “Smart City” infrastructure

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Increase photosynthesis Reduce greenhouse gas emissions

Ai Air

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Suppo Supporting rting str trategie gies: s:

  • Entropy-based watershed management strategies
  • Entropy-based transportation strategies

Imp Implemen lementin ting measu g measures: es:

  • Sustainable land use plan (incorporating an “envirometric overlay”)
  • “Pump up the groundwater then plant everywhere”

Oth Other c er comp

  • mpatib

tible s le str trategies: egies:

  • Electric vehicles, Reforestation
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Smart Smart “Smart “Smart Ci Cities es”.....

“Smart City” infrastructure “Smart Growth” comprehensive plan

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... ...with with Gr Green een “ “Comp Comple lete Str Streets ts”

Complete Street... (...including roundabout corridors) Green Street

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Sus Sustainability ainability and and Resilie silienc ncy: y: Ar Are t e things b bad en enou

  • ugh y

yet?

  • In some places, maybe.
  • In any case, there’s no harm in being effective and cost-efficient, at any

time...

Let’s “walk-through” sustainability and resiliency, from an entropy-based resource management viewpoint...

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Need Need: Sus Sustainability ainability and and Resilie silienc ncy y

  • 1. Lots for Public Works to do (without much money)...
  • 2. We need to be very effective (and cost-efficient)...
  • 3. A holistic strategy would consider all resources when making our

management decisions...

  • 4. Holistic, coordinated strategies can also achieve “whole is more than the

sum of its parts” levels of effectiveness...

So, let’s try to find a “holistic” strategy....

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Pu Purp rpose: en

  • se: entr

trop

  • py-b
  • based

ased r resou esource man ce manag agemen ement; t; a ho a holis listic tic s str trategy egy... ...

5. A physical expression of “holism”, and a “holistic strategy”.... 6. Purpose is the frugal use and effective storage of all our natural resources i.e. sustainability.... 7. The fundamental focus on entropy opens up many physical, chemical and biological ways to achieve those goals.... 8. The physical concepts are well supported by mathematical analysis procedures targeted at systems-optimization, our primary objective .... 9. Being based on natural systems, you can have confidence in achieving good

  • utcomes, and so are free to have a strong bias in favor of action....
  • 10. .... this, in turn, allows fast responses to urgent resiliency needs...
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En Entr tropy-based

  • based tr

transpo ansport rtatio tion s strategies c egies can an...

  • 11. Make very effective use of energy resources, and so are important when

developing optimal transportation systems...

  • 12. An optimized transportation system maximizes utility and so is an essential

element of any sustainable land use plan...

  • 13. Are good at (first maximizing then) optimizing choice in travel routes, and so

can contribute to decision-making software for autonomous vehicles and driverless cars...

  • 14. By reducing energy use, entropy-based transportation strategies also reduce

emissions, a key resiliency need...

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Smart City in Smart City infr fras astru tructu cture an e and Artificial In Artificial Intellig elligen ence softw ce softwar are e ca can then...

  • 15. Operate and maintain that sustainable, resilient public transportation

and infrastructure system even more cost-effectively...

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A h A hol

  • listic s

c strateg egy: de design sign for r Libe Liberty rty... ...

Multi-modal transport options – use food energy first...

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.... .... you u get t Lif Life too! !

....folk are healthier and live longer

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A h A hol

  • listic s

c strateg egy: de design sign for r Libe Liberty rty... ...

Add in choice – one more degree of freedom....

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... ... you u get t Lif Life too!

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Su Sustain ainab ability f ility for Americ

  • r America!

a!

“Life” “Liberty” ... and the pursuit of... “Negative Entropy”

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...a half-decent strategy and some good teamwork – that’ll get the job done!

Su Sustain ainab ability ility, ma , mate???.... e???....

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"When we try to pick out anything by itself, we find it hitched to everything else in the Universe”

  • John Muir

“The ultimate purpose of life, mind, and human striving: to deploy energy and information to fight back the tide

  • f entropy and carve out refuges of beneficial order”
  • Steven Pinker

(For more information, go to: https://www.clark.wa.gov/public-works/accreditation)