ITSO - Basics of Satellite Communications Nishaal Goure Sunkurh 17 - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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ITSO - Basics of Satellite Communications Nishaal Goure Sunkurh 17 - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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ITSO - Basics of Satellite Communications Nishaal Goure Sunkurh 17 July 2017 1 Up-Converter (U/C) L-Band to C-Band 950 - 1450 MHz input 5.925 6.425 GHz output Non inverting (4.900 GHz LO) Inverting (7.375 GHz LO) 500

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ITSO - Basics of Satellite Communications

Nishaal Goure Sunkurh 17 July 2017

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Up-Converter (U/C)

  • L-Band to C-Band
  • 950 - 1450 MHz input
  • 5.925 – 6.425 GHz output
  • Non inverting (4.900 GHz LO)
  • Inverting (7.375 GHz LO)
  • 500 MHz bandwidth
  • L-Band to Ku-Band
  • 950 - 1450 MHz input
  • 14.00 – 14.50 GHz output
  • Non inverting (LO = 13.050 GHz)
  • Inverting (LO = 15.450 GHz)
  • 500 MHz bandwidth
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Up-Converter (U/C)

  • 70 MHz to C-Band
  • 70 ±18 MHz input
  • 5.850 – 6.425 GHz output
  • Non inverting
  • 36 MHz bandwidth
  • 140 MHz to C-Band
  • 140 ± 36 MHz input
  • 5.850 – 6.425 GHz output
  • Non inverting
  • 72 MHz bandwidth
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Up-Converter (U/C)

  • 70 MHz to Ku-Band
  • 70 ±18 MHz input
  • 14.00 – 14.50 GHz output
  • Non inverting
  • 36 MHz bandwidth
  • 140 MHz to Ku-Band
  • 140 ± 36 MHz input
  • 14.00 – 14.50 GHz output
  • Non inverting
  • 72 MHz bandwidth
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Uplink Block Diagram

  • Modulator / Modem
  • Up-Converter
  • Power Amplifier
  • Antenna
  • Inter Facility Link (IFL)
  • Fiber Optics
  • Co-axial cableCombiners / Splitters
  • Waveguide

Modem Up-Converter Transmitter

Feed

IFL IFL IFL Antenna

Simplified Uplink Block Diagram

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Power Amplifiers

  • High Power Amplifiers - HPA
  • Solid State Power Amplifiers - SSPA
  • Travelling Wave Tube – TWT
  • Klystron Power Amplifier KPA
  • Including/excluding Up-conversion
  • Transceivers
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Transceiver

  • Combination Power Supply, Up / down converter, HPA and LNA - PSU
  • Mounted on / at the antenna
  • 70 or 140 MHz or L-Band input
  • RF Output C/Ku/Ka-Band output
  • Single or dual synthesized converters
  • Uplink
  • Downlink

Power Supply Up-Converter Down-Converter TXIF RXIF SSPA LNA

Transceiver Block Diagram

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Solid State Power Amplifiers

  • Typical output power 5 to 200 Watts
  • 500 MHz bandwidth
  • Non Linear
  • L-Band Up-Converter optional
  • Requires external 10 MHz reference
  • Requires Diplexer
  • Typically ≈ 3 dB OBO for multi carrier operation
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Solid State Power Amplifiers

  • Lower Power 1- 200W
  • Lower OBO for multicarrier operation
  • Cost effective
  • Low maintenance
  • Power efficient
  • Susceptible to power and lightning damage
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Travelling Tube Amplifier

  • Typical output power 100 – 750 Watts
  • 500MHz - 750 MHz bandwidth
  • Non Linear
  • Built in BUC optional
  • Requires 10 MHz external reference and Diplexer
  • ≈ 7 dB OBO for multi carrier operation
  • ≈ 4 dB OBO with linearizer for multi carrier operation
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Transmitters (HPA)

  • HPA HIGH POWER AMPLIFIER
  • TRAVELING WAVE TUBE AMPLIFIER
  • WIDEBAND ( FULL SPECTRUM ) GREATER 500MHz
  • NON LINEAR
  • SMALL SIGNAL SUPRESSION
  • AMPLITUDE TRANSFER CURVE
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Transmitters (HPA)

  • SMALL SIGNAL SUPRESSION
  • AMPLITUDE TRANSFER CURVE
  • INTERMODULATION

f 1 - f 2 f 1 + f 2

f1 f2

( f 1 - f 2 ) - f 1

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Klystron Power Amplifier

  • Typical output power 1000 to 3000 Watts
  • Non linear
  • 40 or 80 MHz bandwidth
  • OBO ≈ 2 dB for dual carrier operation
  • ≈ 7 dB for multi carrier operation
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Uplink Block Diagram

  • Modulator / Modem
  • Up-Converter
  • Power Amplifier
  • Antenna
  • Inter Facility Link (IFL)
  • Fiber Optics
  • Co-axial cable Combiners / Splitters
  • Waveguide

Modem Up-Converter Transmitter

Feed

IFL IFL IFL Antenna

Simplified Uplink Block Diagram

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Inter Facility Linking

  • Co-axial cabling
  • Data and base band
  • IF
  • L-Band
  • C-Band
  • Ku-band
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RF Co-axial Cabling

  • Important factors
  • Higher Frequency higher losses
  • Losses indirectly proportional to cable diameter
  • Skin effect
  • To a point
  • Losses directly proportional to frequency
  • Reflections – impedance mismatch
  • Cable damage
  • Water
  • System impedance
  • Connector
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Waveguide

  • Used at C-Band and higher frequencies
  • Lower loss than co-axial cable
  • Types:
  • Rigid
  • Flexible, Flexible and twistable
  • Elyptical
  • Not wideband – Frequency determines dimension
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Combiners Small Signal

  • Types
  • IF
  • L-band
  • C-Band/Ku-band
  • Considerations
  • Losses
  • Impedance matching
  • Terminating unused ports
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Combiner - Wideband

  • 3dB Coupler
  • Co-axial
  • Waveguide
  • High power
  • Wideband
  • 3dB loss Dummy load required
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Combiner - Filter

  • Co-axial
  • Waveguide
  • Variances
  • One port wideband
  • Other port narrowband
  • Low insertion losses
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Technology Trends

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Technologies

Addressing your Bottom Line through the use of the latest technologies

  • DVB-S2 Extensions
  • Adaptive Coding and Modulation
  • Carrier in Carrier Technology
  • Lower Roll off factors
  • New Technology in Satellites
  • Antennas Advancements to reach new markets
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DVB-S2 & Extensions

A new standard enables true convergence

  • Excellent spectral efficiency:
  • Up to 40% bandwidth saving compared to DVB-S
  • Up to 2dB better than Turbo Codes
  • HDTV enabler
  • Unlike DVB-S, DVB-S2 is optimised for MPEG and IP
  • Allows for DTH and DTT distribution in single carrier
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Thank you Questions ?