Islamic Republic of Afghanistan National Disaster Management - - PDF document

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Islamic Republic of Afghanistan

National Disaster Management Authority (ANDMA) By

Mohammad Ajmal Karimi

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q Drought q Flood q Avalanche q Earthquake q Landslide q Extrem weather q Sand storms q Fire q Man made disasters

Types Types of Dis

• f Disas

asters i ters in n Af Afghan ghanis istan tan

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Natural Causes

• Highly seismic region
• Low rainfall
• Mountainous geography
• Reduced forest cover
• Large pasture land (50%)

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• Other causes

Other causes

• Low literacy level (28.7%)

Low literacy level (28.7%)

• High Poverty

High Poverty

• Low Awareness

Low Awareness

• Insufficient health centres

Insufficient health centres Poor transportation system Poor transportation system

• Inadequate communication facility

Inadequate communication facility

• Insufficient investment in DM

Insufficient investment in DM

DRM system

Afghanistan is signatory to HFA, and carrying out activities in all 5 priorities. 22 key Ministries, UN, NGO s are members of the National Commission for DM National Platform for DRR established National DM Plan , DM law is pending in parliament for approval National preparedness and response simulations conducted ( supported by WFP) Emergency response simulations conducted for national and provincial level (supported by UNICEF)

Access to Satalite Data

IMMAP organization and ISAF supports ANDMA

HQ and provincial Offices with providing vulnerability maps, especially when it comes to satellite data. Also our partner WFP supports through ITHACA (Information Technology for Humanitarian Assistance, Cooperation and Action http://www.ithacaweb.org/news/links/) since 2007. Therefore, ANDMA & WFP has a very close relationship with ITHACA and IMMAP

GIS usage – access

• Afghanistan still don’t have accessibility to remote sensing technology

, so GIS is not used for the purpose of Disaster Risk Reduction at country level and here is no specific center for that, but it is very much needed for our country because of occurring different types of hazard here in Afghanistan in all four seasons of the year

• Ministry of Communication recently announce that Afghanistan very

soon will be owner of the Satellite by the technical and financial cooperation of its international partners and companies, so that will be best opportunity for ANDMA to Establish GIS for the Disaster Risk Reduction , which will work at country level and it should has critical role in the prevention or at least mitigation of the risks of hazards .

Community Vulnerability and Risk Index Map

Community Risk Mapping using GIS

Key Risk Management activities

• Assessment Teams with

the following core skill sets

• Geologists
• Social Mobilizers
• Engineers
• Seismologists

Human Resources - FOCUS

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Landslide Retaining Walls

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Avalanche Diversionary Channels

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Channel Reconstruction

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Rural Road Rehabilitation

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Other physical protection measures

Structural Mitigation Activities

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Participatory Community Based Training in Disaster Management

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Community Based Hazard Assessment and Mapping

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Community Based scenario Planning

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Stockpiles & emergency Caches

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Community Emergency Response Teams

Non Structural Mitigation

• As everyone know that GIS has critical role in the Disaster Risk

reduction, so specific training for the technical staff of ANDMA and related ministries is urgently needed.

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Needs for sufficient resources for prompt response in events of disasters especially earthquake and floods

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Update maps of vulnerable parts of the country in terms of natural disaster

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Air Transports

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Closer cooperation of all stakeholders including UN agencies, NGOs, line departments etc. in DM

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Training of rapid response and assessment teams

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Development of central data base system to be linked with provinces

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Strengthening the data base and communication system

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Financing the public awareness programs through media

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Imm mmediate & e & Shor Short t ter erm N m Needs eds

q Fire fighting tools and equipment q Seismic detection instruments q Modern metrological equipment and establishment of zonal

centers

q Need for local and International investment in DM field q Integration of DRR in developmental projects q Implementation of building codes q Construction of offices for central and provincial DM

authorities.

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Modern equipment for Search and Rescue

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Strengthening early warning system equipped with modern technology in all risky sites

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Lon

• ng

g term term Needs Needs

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Con Constra strain ints & C ts & Cha hall llenges enges

q Data sensitivity and data unavailability related to DRM for

the entire country and then due to security, it is bit hard to collect the data. Also ANDMA do oversee the lack of human resources capacity in DRM

q Afghanistan due to many reasons (war, internal conflict,

poverty, illiteracy etc…) facing numbers of problems and challenges, regarding Geo-DRM

Constra Constraints & ints & Chall Challenges enges

q Limited financial resources and budget allocation q High vulnerability to disasters q Lack of modern fire fighting equipment q Lack of modern hydro metrological instruments and tools q Lack of modern seismic detection instruments q Poor early warning system q Limited number of trained and motivated human resources

in DM

q Insufficient equipment for search and rescue q Poor enforcement of Building Code q Weak coordination among stakeholders

Re Recom comme mendations ndations

• Afghanistan need technical and financial cooperation of other countries

and advanced technology, tools and equipments

• Datasets related to DRM are expensive and if there would be a regional

network on information sharing between SAARC and ECO member countries that can be much more effective for the entire region.

• up-to-date satellite imagery for the national and regional level or spatial

data sets related to DRM analysis.

• Setting up a working group for DRM is a necessity from the region and

that will enable to share the needed technical knowledge with to WG and also request expertise resources from the regional countries. After this workshop/meeting/training, we do appreciate, to keep inform SAARC and ECO member states about steps that is taken to set- up/strengthen DRM at the regional level or sharing the meeting points and decisions.

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And whoso saves a life, it is as if he had saved the entirety of mankind.”

The Holy Qur’an