Introduction NWT Centre for Geomatics Information Systems Shared - - PDF document

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Introduction NWT Centre for Geomatics Information Systems Shared - - PDF document

6/19/2019 Evolution of UAV use in the Government of the Northwest Territories Jurjen van der Sluijs, CIF Workshop, April 2019 Introduction NWT Centre for Geomatics Information Systems Shared Service NWT AB Factor Area 135 Mha 64 Mha x 0.5


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SLIDE 1

6/19/2019 1

Evolution of UAV use in the Government of the Northwest Territories

Jurjen van der Sluijs, CIF Workshop, April 2019

Introduction

NWT Centre for Geomatics

Information Systems Shared Service

Geomatics services to (G)NWT stakeholders:

Access to geospatial data Conduct mapping/analysis projects Data Management Establish information systems Provide training, resources, and advice

NWT AB Factor Area ± 135 Mha ± 64 Mha x 0.5 Forest lands ±80 Mha ± 35 Mha x 0.5 FMA ± 1.5 Mha ± 22 Mha x 15 GDP $4.9 B $332 B x 68 Population 44k 4,300k x 97

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SLIDE 2

6/19/2019 2

Context

1948‐2012 Temperature Trends, Environment and Climate Change Canada

NWTAC: The total costs of the permafrost impacts

  • n public assets in the 33 communities:

$1.3 billion (excl. private and industry ownerships, highways/bridges)

Economic impacts? Ecological impacts? Cultural impacts?

Why UAVs/drones?

(Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems; RPAS)

 Improves situational awareness (site characterization)  Reduce risk to staff  Increase data detail / availability  Reduce workload / cost

ITH Erosion/ponding: August 2016

Limited ground view UAS Inspection UAS maximize monitoring

  • pportunity while minimizing risk
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SLIDE 3

6/19/2019 3 UAS Monitoring of Retrogressive Thaw Slumps (Behaviour in space & time)

2015

Fill Debris Tongue Slumps Failure precursor

2016

Embankment Failure

Where we are today: Path to Enablement

Technical Investigation (2015‐2016)

To scan internal & external environment To demonstrate RPAS utility Situational analysis of issues and potential solution scenarios Review regulatory requirements and costs to meet solution scenarios Purchase low‐cost option to demonstrate range of solution scenarios Obtain regulatory approval for missions (e.g., SFOC, exempt missions)

Approval (Feb 2017)

To gain management support Present and demonstrate solution products to Senior Management Staff Provide basic costing and ROI Obtain Senior Management support to proceed with Phase Expansion

Program Deployment (2017‐2018)

Program essentials To obtain participant input To establish capacity Initial recruitment of UAS pilots Conduct ground‐ and flight‐schools Draft UAS Policy to manage expectations and limit use beyond recruits Develop tracking system with information about pilots, flights, equipment Conduct Phase evaluation using metrics, identify challenges/solutions

Program Management (2018‐2019)

To maintain Program To maintain management support Refine Program goals, timelines, and human/financial capacity assessment Renew blanket SFOC Procure additional RPAS kits Define program champions who acquire expertise in program elements Further refine Draft Policy, SOP, manuals, tracking system, training Expand partnerships with industry, academia for R&D and economic diversification Monitor indicators of success and establish program management framework Continued experience sharing via workshops

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SLIDE 4

6/19/2019 4

Standardized Manuals / SOPs / checklists (blanket) SFOC applications

  • Adapted to remote operations
  • Company Operations Manual

– Site survey, Risk Assessment, Consent – NAV Canada contact procedures – Security Plan – Emergency Plan – Emergency procedures

  • Flight Manual

– System specifications – Operating limitations – Sub‐systems – Assembly – Disassembly – Standard Operating Procedures – Maintenance log – Abnormal Occurrence Maintenance log

Bell Canada (2019)

http://www3.telus.net/cschwab/viewer/canadian_airspace.html

Capacity building (internal)

 Defined a Training Program with emphasis

  • n knowledge and skills‐based training

 Capacity in all GNWT Administrative Regions  Capacity in LND/ENR departments across wide range of disciplines

 (R.M’s, CLA’s, Wildlife, Waters, Forest mgmt., Geomatics)

 16 staff classified as PIC (10 LND, 6 ENR)  Additional 15 LND/ENR/INF/ECE staff expressed interest in training

Inuvik 2017 Fort Smith 2018

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SLIDE 5

6/19/2019 5

Demonstration of Operational Results (March 2019)

Enterprise FireSmart Fire Behaviour Research Plots

Enterprise Community Wildfire Protection Plan (2010)

Windrows of slash

UAS Monitoring of Forest Fire Burn Severity

Scaling ground observations via UAS to Landsat for regional assessments

% Green Canopy % Charred Surface

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SLIDE 6

6/19/2019 6

Forest Hydrology and Injection Ice

(Dempster Highway KM 213)

* Ground ice formed during active‐layer freezeback, where confining aquifer is developed between permafrost table and downward frost front

Permafrost table Frost front

  • S. Kokelj
  • R. Connon

Forest Hydrology and Injection Ice

(Dempster Highway KM 213)

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SLIDE 7

6/19/2019 7

Supply Service Arrangement for flexible/timely drone services by northern vendors

Deline, NWT Ulukhaktuk, NWT

Flexible Procurement Options for Agile Technologies (External capacity)

Fort McPherson, NWT

Ollerhead & Associates Ltd. Alietum Ltd.

  • Airport Operations Manual (AOM)
  • Obstacle Limitation Surveys (OLS)
  • Rapid response

Program Cost considerations

Item (Phantom 4 Pro; Obliques / Mapping) Operational kit $2,689 Air band receiver $223 iPad (ground control station) $718 Ground school / flight school $1,575 x 3 staff Insurance $512/year Total (excl. time) $8,867 Photogrammetry software? $11,600 + annual maintenance Remote sensing workstation? $6,000 Differential GPS for ground control? $40,000 GIS Online Diploma (if needed) $5,500 x 3 staff Total additional $74,100

14

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SLIDE 8

6/19/2019 8

Data Management considerations

There is a cost to data processing and storing

– Summer 2016: 719 GB – GNWT cost of back‐up vector storage: $2/GB/month

  • SQL server supporting enterprise users w. routine operations

– One summers’ worth of data: $17,250 / year / perpetuity?

There is a cost to not knowing how the data was generated:

– Metadata

There is a cost to not finding data (improper archiving)

– Data discoverability / OGC standards compliance – Raster Data Management and Publishing (e.g., GeoTIF, WMS, WCS) – Metadata harvesting tools (e.g., GeoNetwork) – Cloud storage?

Conclusion

Evolution of Capacity and Use

2015 Multi-rotor (visible only) 2019 Multi-rotor / fixed-wing (visible, multispectral, thermal)

Peat deposit Saturated fine- grained tills, Quickly warming Ice-face at the headwall

Drainage tracks

Undisturbed riparian drainage

Ice-face at the headwall

Drainage encroachment Semi-stable headwall

Reliance on federal collaborations for deployment and analyses Internal and external capacity as well as strong ongoing collaborations

Fraser et al. (2015, 2016)