INTRODUCTION and CREDENTIALS February 2016 page | - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
INTRODUCTION and CREDENTIALS February 2016 page | - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
INTRODUCTION and CREDENTIALS February 2016 page | CONFIDENTIAL | 2 Silverpeak IB is authorised and regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority Silverpeak LLP is an authorised representative of Silverpeak Capital Ltd, which is authorised
Silverpeak IB is authorised and regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority
February 2016
page | CONFIDENTIAL | 2
Silverpeak LLP is an authorised representative of Silverpeak Capital Ltd, which is authorised and regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority
INTRODUCTION and CREDENTIALS
Disclaimer
CONFIDENTIAL
This presentation has been prepared exclusively for internal use and does not carry any right of publication or disclosure to any other party. Neither this presentation nor any of its contents may be used for any other purpose without the prior written consent of Silverpeak LLP , trading as ‘Silverpeak technology investment banking’ (“Silverpeak”). The information in this presentation reflects prevailing conditions and our views as of this date, all of which are subject to change. In preparing this presentation, Silverpeak has relied upon and assumed, without independent verification, the accuracy and completeness of all information available to us or from public sources or which was otherwise reviewed by us.
Contents
page | CONFIDENTIAL 4
Silverpeak + overview p4 M&A advisory p16 Fundraising advisory p24
5
Silverpeak advises innovative, fast-growing technology companies on M&A and financing transactions
Investment bank focused on technology M&A and financings advisory for growth companies Vast network of relationships Global reach, based in London Blue-chip investment banking service
Silverpeak + overview
FACTSHEET
- 3 partners with 60+
years of experience in tech investment banking
- 150+ deals and
assignments completed
- 15-strong team
- Regulated by the
Financial Conduct Authority
- Sponsor of
Go4Venture’s Monthly Bulletin
page | CONFIDENTIAL
The Silverpeak + team
6
Our team has experience at globally recognised investment banks, and has advised on over 150 deals
page | CONFIDENTIAL
Kieran Hall
Analyst
- Mercer Investments
- BAML
- MPhil Econ. (Cantab)
Luke Edis
Analyst
- Crossrail
- MSc Finance (Durham)
- BSc Physics (Leicester)
Suraj Bakrania
Analyst
- Jefferies
- Barclays
- BSc Math & Econ (LSE)
Arthur Maisonnier
Analyst
- Nordex
- Aldebaran Robotics
- MEng (ENSAM)
Jean-Michel Deligny
Managing Director
- UBS Warburg
- Broadview
- MBA (Essec, Paris)
Pietro Strada
Managing Director
- Broadview
- Bain & Co.
- MBA (INSEAD)
Paddy MccGwire
Managing Director
- 3i
- Worksmart
- Corporate Capital
Structures
Matteo Pozzi
Director
- STAR Capital
Partners
- Goldman Sachs
- MEng (Turin)
Alexandre de Gandt
Director
- Duff & Phelps
- KPMG
- Sistech SA
- MBA (INSEAD)
Nils Zettelmeyer
Associate
- CatCap
- MEcon
Indicates
Jean-Michel Deligny
Managing Director
- Jean-Michel is Co-Founder and Managing
Director of Silverpeak. He is also the founder of Go4Venture Advisers, which he successfully built up to a leading position in international equity private placements, especially in the software, telecom and digital media sectors. He has more than 20 years of investment banking and European technology experience
- Jean-Michel was previously UBS’
European Head of Technology Investment Banking, where he: – Set up the European operation of the bank’s Global Technology Group and led deal origination and execution across Europe, Israel and South Africa – Was responsible for some of the firm’s major technology client wins (including Datatec, FI Group, Freeserve, ICL, Infineon, Marconi Comms, NDS, QXL and Siemens)
- Before UBS, he was a Principal at
Broadview International, where he worked on over 35 public and private transactions in the technology and IT services sectors
Pietro Strada
Managing Director
- Pietro is Co-Founder and Managing
Director of Silverpeak. He founded Centerboard Partners in 2005, where he sourced and completed 20 mandates, such as trade sales, mergers and financings
- Previously, he joined Torch Partners (a
technology boutique investment bank) for two years, before re-launching Centerboard in 2014. Here, led the $18m fundraising for Calastone, backed by Accel Partners and Octopus Investments
- Pietro was at Broadview (now part of
Jefferies) and Corporate Development Director at LexisNexis (a division of Reed Elsevier), where he worked on several high-profile technology M&A and fundraising transactions including: – The $162m acquisition of BCO Technologies plc on behalf of Analog Devices
- Before his MBA, Pietro was a consultant
with Bain & Co. and an electronic design engineer with OHB System
Silverpeak + leadership
7 page | CONFIDENTIAL
Paddy MccGwire
Managing Director, Cobalt
- Paddy is Managing Partner of Cobalt
Corporate Finance, the London based specialists with partners in the US and Germany, who advise European technology companies to achieve
- ptimum exits and later stage fundraising
- In the last year he has completed
transactions in enterprise software, e- commerce, IT consulting, AdTech and FinTech
- Paddy has extensive experience
- f creating value and successful deal
making in the technology sector over 25
- years. With Cobalt as a founding
member, he formed the international M&A network Globalscope with active members in 38 countries on every continent except Antarctica. He is also Chairman of Worksmart, the market leader in people centric risk and compliance software.
- Paddy’s past experience includes 7 years
at private equity group 3i, and at electronics group STC plc
Silverpeak + senior team
8 page | CONFIDENTIAL
Alexandre de Gandt
Director
- Alex joined Silverpeak in 2014 from
US-listed advisory firm Duff & Phelps, where he was a Director and played a leading role in setting up their M&A
- peration in France
- Prior to this experience, Alex worked in
the Corporate Finance teams of KPMG (Europe’s most active mid-market M&A advisor) and HSBC, where he advised clients including private equity funds, large corporates, growth companies and government agencies − His advisory experience is further enriched by two hands-on developments of innovative businesses, one of which resulted in a successful exit to private equity post-turnaround
- Alex holds degrees from the University
- f Bristol and La Sorbonne (Paris I), as
well as an MBA from INSEAD
- He is fluent in both English and French
Matteo Pozzi
Director
- Matteo joined Silverpeak in 2014
where he focuses on M&A and fundraising assignments – Recently Matteo advised Seatwave
- n its sale to Ticketmaster and on
the Artesian fundraising
- He brings more than 10 years of
experience in investment banking, private equity and financing
- Prior to Centerboard he was an
Investment Director at STAR Capital Partners, a mid-market European Private Equity fund, working on buyout investments across the telecommunication, industrials, transport and energy sectors
- Matteo started his career at Goldman
Sachs: he was an Associate in the GS Infrastructure Partners, a global infrastructure fund. Prior to that he worked on financing transactions in the Structured & Acquisition Finance team
- Matteo is fluent in both English and
Italian (mother tongue)
Nils Zettelmeyer
Associate, Cobalt
- Nils joined Cobalt in 2014 where he
focuses on M&A and fundraising assignments
- He has more than 5 years of experience
in advising on national and international M&A and fundraising. He has advised companies such as Publicis and EPAM on acquisitions and sold software companies to US-listed companies like Broadsoft and Actuate
- Prior to Cobalt, he worked at CatCap, a
mid-market Corporate Finance house focused on the internet, software, services and technology sectors in Germany
- Nils holds a masters degree in economics
with majors in game theory and finance
Our presence in the technology sector
9
INTERNET & DIGITAL MEDIA ENTERPRISE SOFTWARE & SaaS ENABLING TECH. & SERVICES HEALTHTECH
- eCommerce / Marketplaces
- Digital Entertainment
- Internet Infrastructure
- Adtech
- Fintech
- ERP / CRM / HRM
- Security
- Databases & Content
Management
- Materials
- Semiconductors / Components
- Communication Infrastructure
- Electronics / Robotics
- Cleantech
- Medical Devices
- M-Health
- Genomics
- Diagnostics / Imaging
- Healthcare IT
SUB-SECTOR SPECIFIC EXPERTISE RECENT TRANSACTION EXPERIENCE
Silverpeak has deep sector knowledge and extensive execution experience in internet and digital media
page | CONFIDENTIAL
$11.8m Growth Equity
MAY 2014
$19m Series C
JANUARY 2014
$42m Growth Equity and Recapitalisation
JANUARY 2012
€15m Series B
JULY 2013
has been acquired by
SEPTEMBER 2013
$8m Series C
FEBRUARY 2014
has been acquired by
OCTOBER 2014
has been acquired by
JUNE 2015
has been acquired by
NOVEMBER 2014
$8m Series B
MAY 2015
has acquired control
- f
has been sold to
AUGUST 2015 JULY 2015
has been acquired by
JULY 2015
has been acquired by
JANUARY 2016
has been acquired by
JULY 2015
has been acquired by
OCTOBER 2015
Broad scope of advisory services
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- Growth Equity
- Recapitalisations
- Secondary Transactions
- Venture Debt
M&A SELLSIDE ADVISORY FINANCINGS M&A BUYSIDE ADVISORY BOARD ADVISORY
- Roll-ups
- Corporates Seeking
Strategic Acquisitions
- Financial Sponsors
- IPO Advisory
- Valuations & Fairness
Opinions
- Portfolio Development
SILVERPEAK TRANSACTION SERVICES OFFERING
- Trade Sales
- Divestitures
- Silverpeak advises on a wide range of transactions which are typically:
- Larger financings involving international investors
- M&A transactions for which our clients value our combination of local support and international reach
Blue-chip investment banking capabilities combined with hands-on senior attention
A wealth of relationships with key stakeholders in the technology ecosystem
11
Selected logos shown for illustrative purposes
page | CONFIDENTIAL
IT consulting and professional services
JULY 2015
has been acquired by
Ireland / Ireland
Advisor to System Dynamics
Next-gen orchestration SaaS for Unified Communications
JUNE 2015
has been acquired by
UK / Hong Kong
Advisor to Syntelligence
Workflow software for B2B sales persons
JUNE 2015
Venture debt and equity financing
UK / UK
Advisor to Artesian
Virtual fitting rooms for clothing e-commerce websites
JULY 2015
has been acquired by
Estonia & UK / Japan
Advisor to Fits.me
Health and personal protection insurance software
JULY 2015
has been acquired by
UK / France
Advisor to Activus
BSS and analytics software for mobile operators in emerging markets
JULY 2015
has acquired control of
Mauritius / South Africa
Advisor to Digitata
Electronic ticketing software for transit, tourism and loyalty schemes
AUGUST 2015
has been sold to
UK / Japan
Advisor to Smart Transactions Group
Mobile advertising network and supply side platform (SSP)
OCTOBER 2015
has been sold to
Denmark / US & Norway
Advisor to adQuota
Optical fiber protection solutions for FTTx and industrial applications
JANUARY 2016
has been sold to
UK / US
Advisor to m2fx
Silverpeak + completed mandates (selected 1/2)
page | CONFIDENTIAL 12
More than 150 closed deals and assignments to date
Online marketplace: secondary ticketing platform
NOVEMBER 2014
has been acquired by
UK / US
Advisor to Seatwave
Mobile engagement for consumer- facing companies
JANUARY 2014
$19,000,000 Series C
Ireland / UK, Switzerland & Belgium
Advisor to Brandtone
System integrator of fiber-based city and regional networks
AUGUST 2013
has sold its system integration BU to
Sweden / Norway
Advisor to PacketFront Int’l
Cell-handling platform for medical applications and research
SEPTEMBER 2013
has been acquired for €50,000,000 by
Italy / Italy
Advisor to Silicon Biosystems
Cloud-based event ticketing and management software
MAY 2014
Growth Equity Financing
Netherlands / UK
$11,800,000 Advisor to Ticketscript
Open source e-commerce software
JUNE 2014
$7,300,000
Series-B Financing
US & France / Finland & France
Advisor to Commerce Guys
Cloud based, real-time threat detection platform
OCTOBER 2014
has merged with
Portugal / US
Advisor to Anubis Networks
Silverpeak + completed mandates (selected 2/2)
page | CONFIDENTIAL 13
More than 150 closed deals and assignments to date
Drug delivery company specialised in delivery through autologous red blood cells
JULY 2013
€15,000,000 Series-B financing led by
Italy / Italy
Focus Gestioni Advisor to EryDel
Humanoid robots for consumer applications
FEBRUARY 2012
Majority investment (+$100,000,000) by
France / Japan
Advisor to Aldebaran Robotics
Ultra-fast lasers for research and medical applications
JANUARY 2012
Majority investment ($42,000,000)
France / China & France
Advisor to Amplitude
Fabless semiconductors (manycore processors)
FEBRUARY 2014
$8,000,000 Series C
France / France
Advisor to Kalray
Some of the components of our added value…
page | CONFIDENTIAL 14
OUR APPROACH
- We become an
extension of the company and the Board
- A “fresh pair eyes”
- We enhance the equity
story and the company’s positioning in its marketplace
- We prepare the
company for due diligence, facilitating the process with buyers/investors
- We provide perspective
and get management ready
- We help management
to think about their
- wn business in the
way buyers/investors will early in the process
Time leverage
- CEO and management focus on the business
- Communicate the feeling of management’s “time preciousness”
Buyer/Investor selection and pre-qualification
- Knowledge of the investment community and identification of suitable buyers/investors
- Relationships
Documentation and analysis
- Marketing materials preparation: cover email, teaser, presentation
- Financial modelling
- Help the company with the analyses that buyers/investors will ask for
Marketing and process management
- Introductions and follow-ups
- Ability to identify the market feedback and address it
- Control of information flow
- Creating competitive tension
Expertise to negotiate and defend valuations
- Valuation analysis
- Experience on precedent valuations and current market trends
Execution
- Management of multiple parties
- Data room management
- Negotiation of closing documents
A B C D E F
…and some of our differentiating factors
page | CONFIDENTIAL 15
- Hands-on senior attention throughout the process
- Depth of experience: one of the longest established teams
- Highest level of professionalism and expertise
- Wide-ranging understanding of technology – including IP-rich businesses
- International team with experience and familiarity in cross-border deals
- Strong belief in the companies we work with
- Significant “investment” with companies ahead of signing mandates
- Maximum transparency on team members & resources for each transaction
- Open & frequent communication to establish trusted personal relationships
- Upfront due diligence and preparation that pays off in the final outcome
- We are always available for our clients
Many of our mandates come from referrals & introductions from clients or parties we have previously worked with (or “against”)
Contents
page | CONFIDENTIAL 16
Silverpeak +
- verview
p 4 M&A advisory
- Sellside
p16
- Buyside
p20
Fundraising advisory p24
Approach buyers Supervise management meetings and assist with Q&A
− Set up management meetings − Manage A vs. B-list, e.g. present first to some friendly B-list buyers to test impact of management presentation − Facilitate preliminary DD and Q&A
Review LOIs
− Receive LOIs, counsel with respect to the adequacy of proposals − Negotiate preliminary terms − Select buyer(s)
Silverpeak sellside M&A scope of work
Analyse company & market
− Data gathering − Analyse addressable market − Review company positioning & USPs − Review and refine a 3-5 yr bus. plan and financial model
Create marketing materials
− Prepare materials and pitch − Valuation analyses − List of potential buyers (A-list and B-list)
page | CONFIDENTIAL 17
- Flexible execution in
each situation to adapt to market conditions
- Value-added
preparation phase enhances valuation and probability of success
- Understand likely
drivers of interest for each potential buyer
- Flawless process
management and control of information flow achieves maximum competitive tension
We provide an end-to-end investment banking service to complete the deal successfully
Manage final due diligence
− Support preparation of electronic data room and manage DD process
Terms negotiation
− Negotiate key value affecting items in final Share Purchase Agreement
Legal drafting & closing
− Coordinate with other advisors − Assist generally in closing the Transaction Negotiation and closing
(c. 2 to 3 months)
Go-to-market
(c. 3 to 4 months)
Preparation & positioning
(4 to 8 weeks)
1 2 3
Clear identification of deal rationale: potential revenue synergies
page | CONFIDENTIAL 18
Thanks to its strategic and financial knowledge, Silverpeak value add includes:
- Identifying areas of
value creation in M&A transactions
- Optimally presenting
the drivers of value to the counterparties
- Quantifying and
crystallising the maximum value during negotiations
PRODUCTS
New products (for both) Target’s products Buyer’s products
CUSTOMERS
New clients and segments
Long-term synergies Mid-term synergies
Target’s clients
Mid-term synergies Target as is Short-term synergies
Buyer’s clients
Short-term synergies Buyer as is
- UK market leader in electronic ticketing software and
services for concessionary bus and rail travel CORE PRODUCT PORTFOLIO
- Ticketing transaction processing engine
- Built to ITSO specification
- Card and customer lifecycle management
- Multi tenant, enterprise grade, fully integrated
with HOPS TECHNOLOGY-BASED SERVICES
- Tools providing behavioural customer
insights, incl. route mapping & usage analysis
- Portals: white-label ticketing portals (micro-sites) for bus
and rail operators
- Cloud ticketing: retail network to purchase and top-up
smartcards through partnerships including:
100% 100%
page | CONFIDENTIAL 19
SELECTED CLIENTS TRACTION
- 70 million transactions processed per month
- 60-70% market share outside of London
- HOPS integrated to 28,000 smart readers
OWNERSHIP FINANCIALS
Revenues 7.3 7.5 Growth (1%) 2% EBITDA 1.4 1.5 Margin 19% 20%
2014(A) 2015(B)
FACTSHEET:
Founded: 2002 Employees: 90 Locations: Chippenham Manchester Cardiff Business model: SaaS delivery, sold via multi- year licenses Awards & Certifications:
FYE 31-Dec, £m
- Silverpeak was engaged by Smart Transactions Group
following multiple unsolicited approaches for ACT
‒ Indications of interest did not seem to reflect true strategic value from the Board’s perspective
- ACT is an established market leader in the smart
ticketing market and ITSO software development
‒ Additional investment required to accelerate development of next-generation product portfolio and kick start next stage of growth plan
- Smart ticketing represents a substantial market
- pportunity, with more than 5.2bn bus and 1.6bn
rail journeys per year in the UK
‒ Growth opportunities in ticket bundling (transit with tourism ticketing, merchandising and payments) on a single card
- Optimised the upfront positioning of ACT by
emphasising its leadership and recurring revenues
- Approached a targeted and pre-qualified group of
potential buyers, leveraging existing relationships
- Identified areas of interest for buyers and targeted
information flow accordingly
- Secured detailed LOIs on terms acceptable to STG’s
shareholders
- Co-ordinated the due diligence process and assisted in
the detailed final contract negotiations Strategic value reflected in the price Improvement on Board expectations A highly satisfied client The deal forms a key component of Fujitsu’s
- ngoing strategy to invest in the UK
transportation market and to build intellectual property in this area
PROCESS RESULTS BACKGROUND CLIENT TESTIMONY
- “Smart Transactions Group decided to appoint a specialist technology investment bank after receiving unsolicited offers for the ACT business”
- “Silverpeak's process delivered a number of additional offers for the business on terms that were attractive to Smart Transactions Group”
- “Their assistance and knowledge in both the market and the sale process was critical in shaping the deal we completed with Fujitsu”
- “We are delighted with the outcome and would recommend Silverpeak to any technology business looking to sell”
PETER MATTHEWS: Chairman of the Board
1 2 3 4 Electronic ticketing software for transit, tourism and loyalty schemes
AUGUST 2015 has been sold to UK / Japan Advisor to Smart Transactions Group
Contents
page | CONFIDENTIAL 20
Silverpeak +
- verview
p 4 M&A advisory
- Sellside
p16
- Buyside
p20
Fundraising advisory p24
- Initial approach and interest
to engage
- Identification of value
creation opportunities
- Selection of higher-
probability candidates
Silverpeak buyside M&A scope of work
- Reviewing companies’
existing market screening work
‒ Additional mapping of identified growth segments and geographic markets
- Prioritisation of potential
targets
- Preparation of individual
approaches
- Presentation materials
21
Financial and strategic advisory aligned with our client’s acquisition programme
- Valuation, analyses and
modelling
- Negotiation of transaction
terms
- Transaction team coordination
(incl. legal, accounting, tax, HR) Transaction development and process management Preparation phase Transaction execution
1 2 3
page | CONFIDENTIAL
Reference buyside process and indicative timing
22
- Combination of
strategic insight and deal-making skills
- Close engagement
and communication throughout process
− The preparation phase can be expedited based on existing work /
- bjectives
- Strategic-driven
acquisition planning, with a focus on identified targets
- Timeline from start
to finish: 4+ months depending on sellers’ & targets’ engagement Timeline
(c. 4+ months)
Kick-off, meet w. management, strategic review Market segmentation, segment prioritization Shortlist of prioritized profiles Initial approaches (rolling) Meetings Exchange of information Indicative offer, LOI Due diligence Contract negotiations Closing Post-acquisition Integration
Marketing and negotiation Preparation Typical Deliverables
Market research, initial list of targets
- Market map for expansion
- Long list of targets
- Valuation analysis
- Criteria matrix
- Prioritized company profiles
- Presentation materials of
client
- Status report
- Introductory email
- Non confidential presentation
- NDA
- Confidential presentation
- Contribution analysis
- Synergies model
- Valuation analysis (refined)
- Merger model
- Waterfall analysis of client and
merged company (in private- to-private deals)
page | CONFIDENTIAL
Buyside process considerations
23
- Management of information flow
- Repository of information
- Status report to be prepared and circulated bi-weekly
(dependent on number of targets pursued)
- Corporate checkpoints
Timing Project Communications Confidentiality
- Set up a confidential project name
- Project team, people in the know
- Communication strategy for non-informed personnel
- External communication
- Sensitivities of clients and competitors
- Standard NDA
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Contents
page | CONFIDENTIAL 24
Silverpeak + overview p4 M&A advisory p16 Fundraising advisory p24
Approach investors Supervise management meetings and assist with Q&A
− Set up management meetings − Manage A-list vs. B-list, e.g. present first to some friendly B- list investors to test impact of management presentation − Facilitate preliminary DD and Q&A
Review offers
− Receive term sheets, counsel with respect to adequacy of proposals − Negotiate preliminary terms − Select investor(s)
Silverpeak fundraising scope of work
Analyse company & market
− Data gathering − Analyse addressable market − Review company positioning and USPs − Review and refine a 3-5yr bus plan and financial model
Create marketing materials
− Prepare materials and pitch − Valuation analyses − List of potential investors (A-list and B-list)
page | CONFIDENTIAL 25
A typical process is structured in 3 phases:
- 1. Preparation and
positioning
- 2. Go-to-market
- 3. Negotiation and
closing We provide ongoing support and time leverage to the company during the transaction:
- Project management
- Periodic meetings/calls
to review advancement (status report)
- Coordination with
- ther consultants
- General advice
We provide an end-to-end investment banking service to complete the deal successfully
Negotiation and closing
(c. 2 to 3 months)
Go-to-market
(c. 3 to 4 months)
Preparation & positioning
(4 to 8 weeks)
1 2 3
Manage final due diligence
− Support the preparation of electronic data room and manage DD process
Terms negotiation
− Negotiate the key value affecting items in the final Investment Agreement
Legal drafting & closing
− Coordinate with other advisors − Assist generally in closing the Transaction
page | CONFIDENTIAL 26
Providing unparalleled PE and debt financing advice to growth companies
formal engagement
Selected logos only
Late-Stage / Pre-IPO Series C Series B Series A Seed
VC Firms Banks
Equity
Working Capital Financing Venture Debt Funds Government & Sovereign Funds
Conventional Investors
Family Offices Hedge Funds UHNWI Funds Angels & Networks (Wealth Managers) Government & Sovereign Funds Incubators / Accelerators Crowd Funding Corporate Venture & Strategics
Debt
- Venture debt
- Term Loans
- Mezzanine
- Other products
Banks GP / LP Structure
PE Firms LESS CONVENTIONAL LESS CONVENTIONAL Public Equity Funds
Informal support
- “Polluting” the market ahead of the process
- Selling to investors like selling to clients
- Missing the numbers during the process
- Speak about valuation and pricing too early when there is not
enough interest
- Not enough managers involved; too many employees involved
- Provide too much or too little information
Mistakes that Silverpeak will allow you to avoid
page | CONFIDENTIAL 27
- Fundraising
usually takes longer than expected
- Companies often
think that they already have good presentation materials for investors
- Process requires
careful thinking: small things can make the difference
- Starting the process without sufficient financing
- Starting too late increasing the risk of running out of money
- Starting too early without sufficient demonstration points
- Overplaying the cycle: rushing for fund raising when not ready
- Go-to-market story too high level
- Business plan dependent on new revenue streams that have not
been demonstrated
- Limited or no exposure to strongest competitors or global players
- Lack of exit planning
Wrong timing Weak story Mismanaged process
Silverpeak IB is authorised and regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority
Thank you.
page | CONFIDENTIAL 28