International Standards in Technical and Vocational Education and - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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International Standards in Technical and Vocational Education and - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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International Standards in Technical and Vocational Education and Training by Hans Krnner International Workshop on Workforce Development in the Knowledge Economy Seoul, Republic of Korea, 07-13 September 2005 Overview 1. Introduction 2.

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International Standards in Technical and Vocational Education and Training

by Hans Krönner

International Workshop on Workforce Development in the Knowledge Economy Seoul, Republic of Korea, 07-13 September 2005

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Overview

  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. Scope
  • 3. Sources
  • 4. Legal basis and monitoring
  • 5. Utilizing international standards

for action planning

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Overview

  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. Scope
  • 3. Sources
  • 4. Legal basis and monitoring
  • 5. Utilizing international standards

for action planning

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Introduction

  • Workers, data workers, knowledge workers
  • Information about standards is a prerequisite
  • “Normative instruments”

Convention, Recommendation, Declaration, Charter, Code, Principle

  • Governmental; Public/Private Partnerships
  • Procedures and legal aspects
  • Different from technical standards

such as units, symbols, definitions

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Overview

  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. Scope of international standards
  • 3. Sources
  • 4. Legal basis and monitoring
  • 5. Utilizing international standards

for action planning

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Scope

  • Education
  • Training
  • Preparation for work
  • Workplace
  • Work environment
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Issues

  • Access to education and training
  • Education and training objectives
  • Relationship of education, training and work
  • Safety and health at the workplace
  • Labor standards
  • Economical, ecological and social dimensions of work
  • Ethical aspects
  • Human Rights
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Overview

  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. Scope
  • 3. Sources of international standards
  • 4. Legal basis and monitoring
  • 5. Utilizing international standards

for action planning

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Sources of Standards

  • The United Nations system
  • UN General Assembly
  • UN Agencies: UNESCO, ILO
  • Private Sector involvement
  • Tourism
  • Global Compact
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Universal Declaration of Human Rights

Everyone has the right to education. Education shall be free, at least in the elementary and funda-mental stages. Elementary education shall be compulsory. Technical and professional education shall be made generally available and higher education shall be equally accessible to all on the basis of merit.

(Article 26,1)

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UN Specialized Agencies

  • United Nations Educational, Scientific

and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)

  • International Labour Organization (ILO)

Others:

  • Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO)
  • World Health Organization (WHO)
  • …
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Role of ILO and UNESCO (1954)

  • … the word "training" is likely to invoke

the concern of the ILO …

  • … the word "education" is likely to invoke

the concern of UNESCO.

  • ILO: … in factories, workshops or special centres
  • UNESCO: … within a general educational system
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Roles of UNESCO and ILO

UNESCO 2001:

Technical and vocational education is further understood to be:

(a) an integral part of general education; (b) a means of preparing for

  • ccupational fields and for effective

participation in the world of work; (c) an aspect of lifelong learning and a preparation for responsible citizenship; (d) an instrument for promoting environmentally sound sustainable development; (e) a method of facilitating poverty alleviation.

ILO 2004:

Members should identify ... policies which:

(a) facilitate lifelong learning and employability as part of a range of policy measures designed to create decent jobs, as well as to achieve sustainable economic and social development; (b) give equal consideration to economic and social objectives … as well as the development of competencies, promotion of decent work, job retention, social development, social inclusion and poverty reduction;

(Revised Recommendation on TVET) (Recommendation 195)

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TVET in the UN System

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The UNESCO Convention (1989)

  • 1. Scope
  • 2. Objectives
  • 3. Content and Structures
  • 4. Periodic Review
  • 5. Personnel
  • 6. International cooperation
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The UNESCO Recommendation (2001)

1. Scope 2. Objectives 3. Policy, planning and administration 4. TVE and general education 5. Preparation for an occupational field 6. TVE as continuing education 7. Guidance 8. The learning process 9. Staff 10. International cooperation

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The Example of the WTO

  • WTO Membership:
  • 145 countries
  • 300 members from private sector
  • Global Code of Ethics in Tourism
  • adopted by WTO General Assembly (1999)
  • endorsed by UN General Assembly (2001)
  • Right and duty of workers to training
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The Global Compact of the UN

  • Public-Private Partnership
  • UN Secretary General
  • UNHCHR, ILO, UNEP, UNDP, UNIDO, UNODC
  • 2000 Participants
  • 10 Principles related to:
  • Human Rights
  • Labour Standards
  • Environment
  • Anti-Corruption
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Finding more standards

ILO Website

Human Resources Develop- ment Recommendation (2004)

  • Background report
  • International instruments

by organisation, by topic

  • National initiatives

by country, by topic

www.logos-net.net/ilo/195_base/en/main.htm

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Overview

  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. Scope
  • 3. Sources
  • 4. Legal basis and monitoring
  • 5. Utilizing international standards

for action planning

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Legal basis and monitoring: ILO

  • Conventions:
  • International treaties; ratification
  • Reports by Member States
  • Independent Expert Committee
  • Committee on Application of Standards
  • Violations: “Representation”
  • Recommendations
  • non-binding
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Legal basis and monitoring: UNESCO

  • Conventions:
  • Two thirds majority
  • To be submitted for ratification
  • Case to case monitoring (e.g. reports)
  • Violations: Procedure for human rights violations only
  • Recommendations
  • Simple majority
  • Made known to bodies and target groups
  • Case to case monitoring (e.g. reports)
  • Declaration, Charters etc.
  • Framework currently under development
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Legal basis and monitoring: Global Compact

  • Voluntary accession by companies
  • Formal letter to UN Secretary General
  • Commitments by companies:
  • Publicly advocate Global Compact
  • Publish reports how Global Compact and its

principles are being supported

  • Accountability and transparency
  • No enforcement, no sanctions
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Overview

  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. Scope
  • 3. Sources
  • 4. Legal basis and monitoring
  • 5. Utilizing international standards

for action planning

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Action Planning

Using International Standards:

  • As checklists for TVET legislation, policy, planning
  • As reference documents to argue with MPs,

Ministers, key officials, training providers

  • As legally binding documents if ratified
  • As curriculum content in TVET
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www.intervoc.de/seoul

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