Institutionalizing Dialogue in Peru UNDP Oslo Workshop Partnerships - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

“Institutionalizing Dialogue in Peru”

UNDP Oslo Workshop

“Partnerships for Dialogue: Prevention of Social Conflicts with the Use of Natural Resources”

Context →

• OVER GDP, EXPORTS AND INCOME

→ Increase from 450 million US$ (2004), to 9,000 million US$ during 2013. → On average 58% of exports, 14.5% of revenue and 13.7%

• f GDP (2004-2014).
• OVER LOCAL DEVELOPMENT

→ Royalties: Largest source of revenues for decentralized public investments impacting 1724 districts. More than 5 Billion US$. → In 2011 they financed 11% of regional budgets. In mining departments equivalent to 20%. → Transfers financed new infrastructure, prioritizing road infrastructure (20%), water and sanitation (19%), education infrastructure (13%) and agricultural infrastructure (9%). → Income per capita doubled in several mining localities.

• CURRENT INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO

→ 47 large scale projects totaling US$ 56 Billion.

Prevention of Social Conflicts with the Use of Natural Resources

Economic Impact

EXTRACTIVES: IMPACT OVER GROWTH

Emergence of Social Conflicts

Impacting governance and stability

→ Major mining projects are located in areas with large social gaps and extreme

poverty. → Weak state presence in mining areas.

→ Benefits of investments - no impact on welfare of communities. → Insitutional weaknesses – representation mechanisms. → Little recognition of cultural diversity.

Context → Challenges

CHALLENGES

• Removal of Ministers and other authorities
• Injured (1,935) and deaths (63)

+ 62 Billion US$ (investments / production) 2011-14 =16.7% GDP (2.3% GDP per year) 2008-14

Paralyzing / Postponing Investments

Evolution of Social Conflicts

2007 – 2014

Context → Social Conflicts

social conflicts

Peru 2015, May

211

68%

Socio- Environmental

66% Mining 15% Hydrocarbons 8% Energy

New Approach to redress Social Conflicts

NEW APPROACH PREVENTION DIALOGUE GOVERNANCE

for the country

SUSTAINABILITY

to investments

DEVELOPMENT

for the country

+ + +

→

→

→

→

→ → →

Prevention of Social Conflicts with the Use of Natural Resources

New Approach to redress Social Conflicts

Focus on prevention

1

Management of Dialogue

2

Building New Public Policy

3

Citizen Education

4

Research and Analysis

5

Identif ifyin ying g differences fferences and nd con

• ntroversi

roversies es to avoid the emergence of conflict, crisis and violence. Dialogue as main tool for the transformation of social al tensio ions. Implementation of strateg egies ies, , instru rume ments, s, methodolo dologie gies s and protocols cols for conflict prevention and management that are part of innovative public policies. Promotion of a cultur ure e of peace ce, , human an rights hts and d democrat mocratic ic values s that contribute to the generation of capacities for dialogue and mediation. System emat atizat izatio ion, , analysis lysis of inform rmat atio ion and d resea earch rch for the promotion of dialogue and conflict prevention.

Revamping

• f

local development processes

6

Public lic-Pri Privat ate e commit mitme ments s to increase social investments and delivery of public services.

Dialogue gue as a s an Op n Oppor

• rtun

tunity ity to E

• Enh

nhance nce Develop elopment ment

TRANSFORMATION OF CONFLICT OPPORTUNITIES FOR DEVELOPMENT

Prevention of Social Conflicts with the Use of Natural Resources

• Boosting government presence.
• Establishment of Consultation Mechanisms (ILO 169).
• Strengthening of environmental monitoring and supervision.
• Towards a State Architecture for the Governance of Natural Resources?

1

Reestablis lish Tru rust in in Go Government

2

Chan ange behavioral patterns of

• f th

the St State, Companie ies an and So Socie iety

• Promote a culture of dialogue.
• Strengthen social trust mechanisms.
• Monitor and Supervise

companies.

• Promote investments and

respect for citizens rights.

• Articulated intervention of

different government levels and sectors.

• Social and Environmental

responsibilities become common practices.

• Companies involved in

development processes.

STATE COMPANIES SOCIETY

Prevention of Social Conflicts with the Use of Natural Resources

The Implementation Strategy

• Law Proposal for the creation of National System for Prevention and Management of Conflicts.
• Center of Excellence for Good Entrepreneurial practices and Institute for Dialogue and Consensus.
• App

Approval of

• f laws and

and reg egula lations tha that enh enhance di dialo logue, con

• nsult

ltatio ion and and pr preventio ion me mechanis isms: : Law Law on

• n Pri

rior Co Cons nsult ltatio ion (I (ILO 169), ), Ci Citiz tizen Par artic icip ipatio ion EI EIA, A, CAR CAR/C /CAM, EW EWS. S.

3

Na National Poli

• licy to

to in institutionali lize dial ialogue

The Implementation Strategy

• Dialogue spaces – Creation of spaces.
• PART – Early Warning Mechanism.
• Training Modules – Capacity development.
• Willaqniki – Information mechanisms.
• Communicators network – Communication / outreach strategy.
• Participation / consultation mechanisms

4

Str Strategy tools ls

• Development Roundtables.
• Dialogue Roundtables.
• Technical roundtables.
• Working Tables.
• Multi-Sectoral Commissions.
• Environmental Instruments.

5

Di Dialogue Sp Spaces

 Em Empowerment of

• f So

Socia ial Ac Actors.  Pub ubli lic and and pri private com

• mmit

itments to to invest.  Su Sustain inable le loc

• cal de

develo lopment pr proc

• cesses.

 Opportunit ity to to build ld consensus on

• n key develo

lopment prio priorities fr from

• m a sym

ymmetrical app approach.  Str Strengthenin ing capacit itie ies of

• f socia
• cial or
• rgan

aniz izations.  Co Cons nsensus to to ach achie ieve agr agreements.

Key Results and Achievements

Dialogue is Governments primary strategy to address conflicts

1

Credibility and trust in State strengthened**

2

New methodologies and strategies to redress social conflicts in place

3

Drop in number and intensity of conflicts (2012-2014)

4

→ Government sectors (10) and Regional Governments (7) using dialogue → Over 90% of conflicts have ongoing dialogue processes. → Used for environmental, intercultural and social processes. → Government is present throughout conflicts. → “Shared vision” between Gov + Private Sector → Ongoing dialogue between Indigenous Organization and the State. → Citizen Participation in environmental governance. → Guidelines, tools, protocols and policies in place. → Information Systems – Data on conflicts / EWS. → Evaluation, analysis, policies and processes on social and environmental challenges → Preventive action applied to 101 cases. → 136 cases of conflict resolved / transformed. → Management of 156 spaces for dialogue (89 dialogue and development roundtables) and 67 technical commissions.

Key Results and Achievements

Increased Government Spending for Local Development process

5

→ During 2013, more than $600 million of government funds into improving roads, schools, water and other essential services.

Challenges and Lessons Learned

Challenges

• Political Will is critical to moving forward the institutionalization of

dialogue.

• Commodity Prices and impact over royalties
• Electoral Calendar
• Sustainability

Missed opportunities

• Inability to implement National System and several policy tools
• Difficulties

in consolidating progressive trends (environment and consultation versus economic growth).

Risks: Existence of public policies conducive to conflict

• Role of the Ministry of Energy and Mines vis-a-vis ONDS.

PROGRAMA DE LAS NACIONES UNIDAS PARA EL DESARROLLO

Complejo Javier Pérez de Cuéllar

• Av. Pérez Araníbar 750, Magdalena del Mar.

Lima – Perú. Teléfono: (511) 625 – 9000 www.pe.undp.org Más información sobre el proyecto «Alianzas para el Diálogo: Prevención de conflictos en el uso de recursos naturales» aquí:

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