Logic Logic IBM Watson example https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DywO4zksfXw VOLUME 56, NUMBER 3/4, MAY/JUL. 2012 Journal of Research and Development Including IBM Systems Journal Logic: A Motivation Jacek Malec Dept. of Computer Science, Lund University, Sweden January 26, 2018 This Is Watson Jacek Malec, http://rss.cs.lth.se, jacek.malec@cs.lth.se 1(25) Jacek Malec, http://rss.cs.lth.se, jacek.malec@cs.lth.se 2(25) Logic Logic Knowrob: Why is knowledge so important? Knowrob: Ontology (knowrob.owl) if the robot does not know about the task, the environment, or the robot, then the programmer has to hardcode everything programming/instructing at an abstract/semantic level put the bolt into the nut and fasten it pour water into the glass . . . Jacek Malec, http://rss.cs.lth.se, jacek.malec@cs.lth.se 3(25) Jacek Malec, http://rss.cs.lth.se, jacek.malec@cs.lth.se 4(25)
Logic Logic Knowrob: A task ontology Knowrob: A task ontology Jacek Malec, http://rss.cs.lth.se, jacek.malec@cs.lth.se 5(25) Jacek Malec, http://rss.cs.lth.se, jacek.malec@cs.lth.se 6(25) Logic Logic Knowrob: Knowledge types KnowRob Components Jacek Malec, http://rss.cs.lth.se, jacek.malec@cs.lth.se 7(25) Jacek Malec, http://rss.cs.lth.se, jacek.malec@cs.lth.se 8(25)
Logic Logic Knowrob: Procedural attachments Knowrob: Inferring storage location Compute symbolic knowledge on demand from data structures that already exist on the robot by attaching procedures to semantic classes and properties Re-use existing information and make sure abstract knowledge is grounded Jacek Malec, http://rss.cs.lth.se, jacek.malec@cs.lth.se 9(25) Jacek Malec, http://rss.cs.lth.se, jacek.malec@cs.lth.se 10(25) Logic Logic Knowrob: Summary Semantic Web Linked LOV Audio User Slideshare tags2con Scrobbler Feedback 2RDF delicious Moseley Bricklink Sussex GTAA Folk (DBTune) Reading St. Magna- Andrews Klapp- Lists tune stuhl- Resource NTU DB Lists Lotico club Semantic yovisto Resource Tropes John Music Man- Lists Music Tweet chester Hellenic Peel Brainz Brainz NDL FBD (DBTune) (Data Reading subjects EUTC (zitgist) Lists Open Hellenic Incubator) Linked Library Open t4gm Produc- Surge Crunch- info PD tions RDF base Library Radio Discogs ohloh Ontos Source Code (Talis) Crime (Data News Plymouth LEM Reports business Incubator) Ecosystem Reading RAMEAU Crime Portal Linked Data Lists SH UK data.gov. Music Jamendo (En- uk Brainz (DBtune) LinkedL Ox AKTing) FanHubz gnoss ntnusc (DBTune) SSW CCN Points Last.FM Thesaur Thesau- Poké- Popula- artists pédia Didactal us rus W LIBRIS tion (En- (DBTune) Last.FM ia theses. LCSH Rådata reegle AKTing) research patents MARC data.gov. data.go (rdfize) my fr Codes nå! Ren. NHS uk v.uk Good- Experi- (En- Classical win flickr List Energy (DB Pokedex ment Norwe- Genera- AKTing) Mortality BBC Family wrappr Sudoc PSH (En- Tune) gian declarative knowledge: ontologies tors Program MeSH AKTing) mes semantic IdRef GND CO 2 educatio OpenEI BBC web.org SW Energy n.data.g Music Sudoc ndlna EEA (En- Emission Chronic- Linked Dog VIAF (En- ov.uk Portu- Food UB AKTing) AKTing) ling Event MDB Mann- Europeana America Media guese BBC DBpedia Calames heim Recht- Wildlife Deutsche Open Ord- Revyu DDC Election nance Openly spraak. Finder Bio- lobid legislation Local nl RDF graphie Resources NSZL EU Data Survey Tele- New Book data Ulm Swedish Project data.gov.uk graphis bnf.fr Catalog Open Insti- York URI Open Mashup Cultural procedural attachment tutions UK Post- Times Greek P20 Burner DBpedia Calais Heritage codes statistics ECS Wiki lobid Taxon GovWILD data.gov. LOIUS iServe BNB South- Organi- Brazilian uk Concept ECS ampton sations Geo World OS BibBase ECS STW GESIS Poli- ESD Names Fact- South- ticians stan- ampton (RKB reference data.gov.uk book Freebase Explorer) Budapest dards data.gov. intervals NASA EPrints Lichfield uk (Data Project OAI transport DBpedia data Pisa Spen- data.gov. Incu- Guten- dcs RESEX Scholaro- ISTAT ding bator) Fishes berg DBLP DBLP logical inference uk of Texas Geo (FU meter Immi- Scotland Uberblic (L3S) gration Pupils & Species Berlin) DBLP IRIT Exams Euro- dbpedia data- (RKB London stat TCM open- ACM Gazette lite Gene Explorer) IBM NVD Traffic (FUB) Geo ac-uk Scotland TWC LOGD Eurostat Linked Daily DIT UN/ Data UMBEL Med ERA Data YAGO LOCODE DEPLOY Gov.ie CORDIS Disea- New- lingvoj castle (RKB some SIDER RAE2001 LOCAH CORDIS Explorer) Linked Eurécom Eurostat Sensor Data Drug CiteSeer Roma (FUB) (Ontology Bank multi-modal representation GovTrack (Kno.e.sis) riese Open Enipedia Pfam Course- Central) Cyc LinkedCT ware Lexvo Linked UniProt PDB VIVO EDGAR dotAC EURES US SEC Indiana ePrints IEEE (Ontology (rdfabout) totl.net Central) WordNet RISKS UniProt US Census EUNIS Twarql (VUA) Taxono HGNC Semantic (rdfabout) Cornetto my (Bio2RDF) VIVO XBRL PRO- FTS ProDom STITCH Cornell LAAS SITE KISTI NSF Scotland LODE Geo- GeoWord graphy Net WordNet WordNet JISC (W3C) Climbing Linked (RKB Affy- KEGG VIVO UF Video (13 mins): SMC Explorer) SISVU metrix Pub Drug Finnish Piedmont Journals GeoData PubMed Gene SGD Chem ECCO- Accomo- El TCP Media Munici- dations AGROV Ontology palities Viajero Alpine OC bible Tourism Ski KEGG ontology Austria Geographic Ocean GEMET Enzyme PBAC Drilling Metoffice ChEMBL KEGG Italian Weather Open OMIM public Codices AEMET Linked MGI Pathway Publications schools Forecasts Data Open InterPro GeneID KEGG Turismo EARTh Thesau- rus Colors Reaction https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4usoE981e7I de User-generated content Zaragoza Product Smart KEGG Weather DB Link Medi Janus Glycan Stations Product UniParc UniRef Care KEGG Government AMP Types Italian UniSTS Com- Yahoo! Airports Homolo Geo Ontology Museums Google Gene pound Art Planet National Chem2 Cross-domain Radio- wrapper Bio2RDF UniPath activity Open JP Sears Amster- Linked OGOLOD way Life sciences Corpo- Reactome dam medu- Open rates Museum cator Numbers As of September 2011 Linking Open Data cloud diagram, by Richard Cyganiak and Anja Jentzsch. http://lod-cloud.net/ Jacek Malec, http://rss.cs.lth.se, jacek.malec@cs.lth.se 11(25) Jacek Malec, http://rss.cs.lth.se, jacek.malec@cs.lth.se 12(25)
Logic Logic Semantic Web SPARQL W3C Recommendation Queries: Lots of hype. Lots of acronyms. But some are important! SELECT (returns a table) CONSTRUCT (returns RDF) URI – Uniform Resource Identifier ASK (returns a boolean) RDF – Resource Description Framework DESCRIBE (freedom) Example: RIF – Rule Interchange Format SPARQL – SPARQL Protocol and RDF Query Language PREFIX foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/> SELECT ?name ?email OWL – Web Ontology Language WHERE { ?person a foaf:Person. Open World Assumption! ?person foaf:name ?name. ?person foaf:mbox ?email. } Jacek Malec, http://rss.cs.lth.se, jacek.malec@cs.lth.se 13(25) Jacek Malec, http://rss.cs.lth.se, jacek.malec@cs.lth.se 14(25) Logic Logic A SPARQL query A real SPARQL query http://wiki.dbpedia.org/OnlineAccess PREFIX rosetta: <http://kif.cs.lth.se/ontologies/rosetta.owl#> What are all the country capitals in Africa? select ?s where { ?s a rosetta:Device.} PREFIX abc: <http://example.com/exampleOntology#> SELECT ?capital ?country select ?s where { WHERE { ?s a rosetta:ManipulationAndHandlingDevice.} ?x abc:cityname ?capital ; abc:isCapitalOf ?y . select ?s ?k where { ?y abc:countryname ?country ; ?s a rosetta:ManipulationAndHandlingDevice. ?s rosetta:hasSkill ?k.} abc:isInContinent abc:Africa . } select ?s ?k where { ?s a rosetta:ManipulationAndHandlingDevice. ?s rosetta:hasSkill rosetta:VacuumGrip.} Jacek Malec, http://rss.cs.lth.se, jacek.malec@cs.lth.se 15(25) Jacek Malec, http://rss.cs.lth.se, jacek.malec@cs.lth.se 16(25)
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