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How We See Terrence Sejnowski HHMI Salk Institute University of - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
How We See Terrence Sejnowski HHMI Salk Institute University of - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
How We See Terrence Sejnowski HHMI Salk Institute University of California, San Diego Levels of Investigation Simple Cells in Visual Cortex Hubel and Wiesel (1962) DeAngelis, Ohzawa and Freeman (1995) Goal of Vision "Regarding the
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Simple Cells in Visual Cortex
DeAngelis, Ohzawa and Freeman (1995) Hubel and Wiesel (1962)
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"Regarding the central goal of vision as scene recovery makes sense. If we are able to create, using vision, an accurate representation of the three-dimensional world and its properties, then using this information we can perform any visual task"
Aloimonos and Rosenfeld (1991)
Goal of Vision
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Complexity of the Visual World
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- 1. Free viewing,
- 2. Estimate the material circumstances of the family,
- 3. Give the ages of the people
The Unexpected Visitor
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500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 350 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 350 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Firing Rate (Hz) Time (ms)
Attention Modulates Firing Rate
Desimone, 2001
“Not attended” “Attended”
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Decisions, Decisions
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Glimcher, 2002
Reward Modulates Visual Responses
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DOPAMINE
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Dopamine Pathways
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Wolfram Schultz (and friend)
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Temporal Differences Revealed
Schultz, Dayan, Montague, 1997
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TD Gammon
Tesauro, 1994
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TD Gammon
Tesauro, 1994
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VUMmx1 - Octopamine
Hammer and Menzel, 1997
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