[PPT] - Housing and Homelessness in Pierce County Michael Mirra, Tacoma PowerPoint Presentation

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Tacoma Housing Authority

Housing and Homelessness in Pierce County

Michael Mirra, Tacoma Housing Authority Alice Shobe, Building Changes October 16, 2008

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What was the primary source of heat in your childhood home?

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Brief Introduction to Building Changes

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Building Changes’ Mission

Building Changes is a catalyst for ending

homelessness. We address

the economic and social conditions that adversely affect people’s housing, health, and job

pportunities. Building

Changes coalesces public and private resources to create lasting solutions, transforming the way people in need are served.

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Building Changes’ Evolution

Conceived and developed first skilled nursing

facility for people living with AIDS in 1988

Developed more than 160 units of housing with

supportive services for people with special needs, including homelessness

Provided supportive housing planning, training, or

consulting to every State in the country

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Building Changes’ Evolution, cont.

Selected to administer the

Washington Families Fund in 2004

Evolved mission and

changed name from AIDS Housing of Washington to Building Changes in 2007

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Building Changes’ Work

We achieve results by:

1. Making grants, leveraging resources, and

nurturing partnerships

2. Providing expert advice through technical

assistance, training, and consulting

3. Advocating for state and local funding and

systems reform.

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Tacoma Housing Authority 8

Brief Introduction to Tacoma Housing Authority

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Tacoma Housing Authority [continued]

Real Estate Development
Real Estate Management
Assistance:

– Affordable rental housing – Rental assistance – Supportive services – Homeownership programs

Building Communities
Advocacy and Public Education

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Overview of Housing and Homelessness: The Problem

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Housing Wage

[Hourly wage to afford a modest 2 bedroom apartment in the Pierce County private rental market.] *National Low Income Housing Coalition: www.nlihc.org

2008 Housing Costs and Wages: Pierce County, WA*

$ 16.25 Area Median Income $ 31.82 Area Median Income for Rental Households $ 11.70 Minimum Wage $ 8.07

INCOME AFFORDABLE RENT

$ 845 [FMR] $ 1,655 $ 608 $ 420

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Tacoma Housing Authority 12 Washington State Emergency Shelter Assistance Program: DCTED

Receiving Shelter Turned Away From Shelter

Pierce County Washington Pierce County Washington

Individuals Families with minor children Unaccompanied Youth, without children Unaccompanied Youth, with children

FY 2006 HOMELESSNESS: Pierce County/Washington State

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Tacoma Housing Authority 13 Washington State Emergency Shelter Assistance Program: DCTED

Receiving Shelter Turned Away From Shelter

Pierce County Washington Pierce County Washington

Individuals

4,859

Families with minor children Unaccompanied Youth, without children Unaccompanied Youth, with children

FY 2006 HOMELESSNESS: Pierce County/Washington State

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Tacoma Housing Authority 14 Washington State Emergency Shelter Assistance Program: DCTED

Receiving Shelter Turned Away From Shelter

Pierce County Washington Pierce County Washington

Individuals

4,859 48,981

Families with minor children Unaccompanied Youth, without children Unaccompanied Youth, with children

FY 2006 HOMELESSNESS: Pierce County/Washington State

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Tacoma Housing Authority 15 Washington State Emergency Shelter Assistance Program: DCTED

Receiving Shelter Turned Away From Shelter

Pierce County Washington Pierce County Washington

Individuals

4,859 48,981 38,325

Families with minor children Unaccompanied Youth, without children Unaccompanied Youth, with children

FY 2006 HOMELESSNESS: Pierce County/Washington State

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Tacoma Housing Authority 16 Washington State Emergency Shelter Assistance Program: DCTED

Receiving Shelter Turned Away From Shelter

Pierce County Washington Pierce County Washington

Families with minor children

2,210 19,825 9,588 48,062

Unaccompanied Youth, without children

? 1,131 ? ?

Unaccompanied Youth, with children

? ? ? ?

FY 2006 HOMELESSNESS: Pierce County/Washington State

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Tacoma Housing Authority 22 http://www.flickr.com/photos/tags/homeless/

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Tacoma Housing Authority 23 http://www.homeless.org.au/pictures/52.htm

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Tacoma Housing Authority 24 http://www.flickr.com/photos/tags/homeless/ Outside the Dream, Stephen Shames

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Why it Matters

Outcomes for children
physical health
mental health
developmental health
educational outcomes
Family’s ability to prosper
Effectiveness of other service systems
Community economic prosperity
Transportation and land use
Justice and racial justice

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Tacoma Housing Authority 26

Major Federal Housing Programs

TAX SUBSIDIES FOR HOMEOWNER: >$ 100 billion Mortgage Deduction: $ 70 billion

Up to $ 1 million in mortgage interest deductible
50% goes to top 11.8% percent of taxpayers (> $ 100,000)
20% goes to top 2.3% (> $ 200,000)
62% of households > $ 200,000 get subsidy averaging $ 7,219
3.5% of households between $ 10,000 - $ 20,000 get any

subsidy; average subsidy is $ 317 Deduction for property taxes: $ 19 billion Capital gains exclusion Deduction on interest for home equity loans Deduction on home office expenses

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Major Federal Housing Programs

Public Housing: $ 5.5 billion Housing Choice Voucher: $ 16.5 billion Low Income Housing Tax Credit Program $ 5 billion $ 27 billion

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Major State Housing Programs

State Housing Trust Fund $ 60 million

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Notable Types of Local Initiatives

Local housing trust funds Permitting, code and design flexibility for affordable housings

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Notable Types of Local Initiatives

Inclusionary housing programs:

Entice or require private for-profit developers to

includes affordable units within their market rate developments

Economic integration
Racial integration
Architectural integration

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INCLUSIONARY ZONING: Montgomery County, MD

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90-unit new construction rental

project featuring piggyback townhouses 15 HOME units restricted to 60% AMI

INCLUSIONARY ZONING: Montgomery County, MD

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955 Laramie #I Price: $175,481 Bedrooms: 3 Baths: 2 Style: Condo

INCLUSIONARY ZONING: Boulder, CO

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INCLUSIONARY ZONING: San Diego, CA

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What is affordable housing like?

Innovative: Design Environmental responsibility Community building

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What does affordable housing look like?

Angle Court (LATCH) Federal Way, WA

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International Place Salishan (KWA) Tacoma, WA

What does affordable housing look like?

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Eliza McCabe Homes (Mercy Housing) Tacoma, WA

What does affordable housing look like?

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Ellsworth House (St. Andrews Housing) Mercer Island, WA

What does affordable housing look like?

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Meadowbrook View Apartments Seattle, WA

What does affordable housing look like?

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Hillside Terrace (Tacoma Housing Authority) Tacoma, WA

What does affordable housing look like?

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New Look Apartments Tacoma, WA

What does affordable housing look like?

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Plymouth Place (Plymouth Housing) Seattle, WA

What does affordable housing look like?

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Traugott Terrace (Archdiocese Housing) Seattle, WA

What does affordable housing look like?

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Tyler Square (Tacoma Rescue Mission) Tacoma, WA

What does affordable housing look like?

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Shirley Bridge Bungalows (Building Changes) Seattle, WA

What does affordable housing look like?

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Opportunity Place Seattle, WA

What does affordable housing look like?

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Mitchell Place Federal Way, WA

What does affordable housing look like?

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What does affordable housing look like?

Salishan (Tacoma Housing Authority) Tacoma, WA

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Local Impact: Sound Families & Washington Families Fund

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Family Homelessness: An Invisible Phenomenon

1.35 million homeless children nationwide Washington state: More than 10,000 homeless families; 13,000 – 20,000 children

Lower academic achievement Increased risk of job loss Increased foster care placement Increased mental & physical trauma

Impact of homelessness on children and families

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The Sound Families Initiative

Supported regional efforts to address homelessness in our region

1,445 units 2,700 children and 1,500 families served as of June 2007

Triple the number of new supportive housing units in Pierce, Snohomish, and King counties

2/3 families found permanent housing Increased school stability by 44% 48% of families increased their incomes Employment increased by

23% City leaders County leaders Service Providers Housing Authorities Gates Foundation

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Sound Families Findings in Pierce County

Pairing housing and services helped 68% of

families become stable again

Less than 1% of families returned to shelter after

living in transitional housing

60% of families needed ongoing rent subsidy to

remain stable

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Sound Families Findings in Pierce County, cont.

60% of families were able

to increase their income and reduce use of TANF (welfare)

Primary care giver wages

increased from $8.98 to $10.31/hour but income isn’t enough to afford housing

Informal social supports

may diminish over time

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Washington Families Fund 2004 - present

Authorized by the Washington State Legislature in 2004 and received an initial appropriation of $2 million. Purpose is to expand the availability of supportive housing for homeless families throughout the State.

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Washington Families Fund 2004 – present, cont.

Key feature is public-private

partnership. Every dollar

allocated by State is matched by private philanthropy. Public-private fund has grown to over $18 million.

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Washington Families Fund 2004 – present, cont.

To date $9.3 million has been allocated to 28

partnerships throughout the State that are providing services to families living in nearly 400 new housing units.

Over the next 10 years over 5,000 families will be

served.

In Pierce County, 81 units have been funded in

programs operated by Helping Hand House, Pierce County Housing Authority, and Tacoma Housing Authority.

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Washington Families Fund: 2004 – present, cont.

In response to evaluation findings we:

Fund programs that are best able to help families
btain education and seek employment.
Fund more services that directly support children.
Created new funding models to distinguish

between programs serving families with fewer or higher level service needs.

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Washington Families Fund: 2009 and beyond

1. Continue providing multi-year grants to
rganizations providing services to homeless

families.

2. Continue providing training, and technical

assistance.

3. Continue evaluating effectiveness of programs

and family outcomes.

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Washington Families Fund: 2009 and beyond, cont.

4. Expand our partnership with state and local

governments and other private funding partners to improve local efforts to:

– Prevent homelessness – Assure services are tailored to meet individual family needs – Increase employment and economic opportunities for families recovering from homelessness

5. Improve the public sectors’ ability to collect,

track, and understand data about homeless families.

6. Increase advocacy efforts that result in reforms

that benefit homeless families.

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Some Pierce County Initiatives:

Salishan

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Old Salishan – 2003

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Old Salishan – 2003

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Really Old Salishan - 2003

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New Salishan Site Map

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New Salishan (Phase I) - Rental Housing

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New Salishan (Phase I) - Rental Housing

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New Salishan (Phase I) - Rental Housing

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Salishan Redevelopment:

Kimi and George Tanbara Medical and Dental Clinic COMMUNITY HEALTH CARE

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Salishan Education,Training and Retail Center

► education and training programs ► new home for Swan Creek Public Library ► child care center ► bank/credit union ► green grocer/deli ► LEED Silver Certification

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Pierce County Housing Affordability Task Force:

Convened by Pierce County Council
Recommend changes to Comprehensive Plan
Recommend new development regulations
Published Housing Affordability: Final Report

and Recommendations (2007)

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Reflections & Concluding Thoughts

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What’s the real leverage

f private philanthropy?
Declaration of local needs and verification of

community will to address problems

Authentication: stamp of approval (even small

amounts of funding)

Funding items that add long-term value with less

short-term impact: planning, evaluation, advocacy, leadership development

Influence large scale funders

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Housing communities as staging grounds

Staging ground for services: – Focused on a discrete community that recognizes itself in positive ways; – Accessible by walking; – Comprehensive and connected with housing, recreation, retail and community; – Manageable scale; – Measurable results.

For example: “All children living in Salishan shall read
n grade level.”

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