H OW T HE W EB W ORKS Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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H OW T HE W EB W ORKS Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur Commonwealth of Learning Vancouver MOOC on M4D 2013 Navpreet Singh IIT Kanpur MOOC on M4D 2013 How Web Works? Let's say you want to visit the google website. First you enter the

H OW T HE W EB W ORKS Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur Commonwealth of Learning Vancouver MOOC on M4D 2013
Navpreet Singh IIT Kanpur MOOC on M4D 2013
How Web Works? Let's say you want to visit the google website. First you enter the address or URL of the website in your web browser. Then your browser requests the DNS Server to get the IP (Internet Protocol) address of the web server. Internet Protocol is the protocol used for data communication on the Internet. MOOC on M4D 2013
How Web Works? Every server on the Internet has a unique address called IP address through which it can be accessed over the Internet. IP address is a 32 bit number represented in dotted decimal notation. For example IP address of one of the servers hosting www.google.com is 173.194.36.20 DNS (Domain Name Servers) maintain the mapping of name to IP address. Names are used by humans to easily identify websites and corresponding IP addresses are used by machines to MOOC on M4D 2013 connect to each other.
How Web Works? Once the IP address of the web server has been identified, then your machine sends an HTTP request to the web server that hosts the google site. HTTP (Hyper Text Transfer Protocol) is the protocol used for communication between web servers and browsers. The server sends the data over the Internet to your computer. Your web browser interprets the data, displaying it on your computer screen. MOOC on M4D 2013
How Web Works? For heavily visited websites (like google), DNS load balancing is used to distribute the load. Multiple geographically distributed servers host and serve the same content, also called as mirror servers. When the DNS query is done, the geographical location of the client is determined and IP address of the nearest server is provided. If www.google.com is accessed from India, the request is automatically directed to www.google.co.in, which is the mirror of google website, MOOC on M4D 2013 hosted in India.
Internet Architecture National ISP National Network ISP Network Backbone ISP Networks National ISP Network National ISP Network • Customers connect to an National ISP • National ISPs connect to other National ISPs and Customer Networks International Backbone Networks MOOC on M4D 2013
National ISP Networks: Reliance MOOC on M4D 2013
International ISP Networks: Flag Telecom (Reliance) MOOC on M4D 2013
THANK YOU MOOC on M4D 2013

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