Group Members: Sahil Kanojiya Kushal Kunal Gautam Suhas - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Group Members: Sahil Kanojiya Kushal Kunal Gautam Suhas Department: CE1-I

INDEX

 Introduction to optical Fibers  Working Principle

Structure of Optical Fiber Cable

 Structure of Optical Fiber Cable  Advantage / Disadvantage of optical fiber  Application of optical fiber  Conclusion

What is Optical Fiber?

 An optical fiber is a hair thin

cylindrical fiber of glass or any transparent dielectric medium.

 The fiber which are used for

• ptical

communication are wave guides made

• f

transparent dielectrics.

 Its function is to guide visible

and infrared light over long distance

Structure of Optical FiberCable



Core- central tube of very thin size made up of optically transparent dielectric medium and carries the light form transmitter to receiver. The core diameter can vary from about 5um-100 um.

 Cladding- outer optical material

surrounding the core having reflecting index lower than core. It helps to keep the light within the core throughout the phenomena of total internal reflection.

 Buffer

Coating- plastic coating that protects the fiber made of silicon rubber. The typical diameter

• f fiber after coating is 250-300um.

Working Principle

 Total Internal Reflection(TIR)

2 2 1 1

sin sin   n n 

Optical fibers work on the principle of total internal reflection With light, the refractive index is listed The angle of refraction at the interface between two media is governed by Snell’s law

Working of Optical Fiber

Optical fiber is classified into two categories based on:- 1) The number of modes-

• Single mode fiber(SMF) and
• Multi-mode fiber(MMF)
• Multi-mode fiber(MMF)

2) The reflective index-

• Step index optical fiber
• Graded- index optical fiber

Advantages and Disadvantages

Advantages Disadvantages

 Immense bandwidth to

utilize

 Total electrical isolation in  System installation is very

costly.

 Only point-to-point  Total electrical isolation in

the transmission medium

 Very low transmission loss  Small size and light weight  High signal security  Very low power consumption

and wide scope of

 system expansion etc.  Only point-to-point

communication is possible.

 Precise and costly

instruments would be required.

 Splicing is time consuming.  It accept only unipolar codes

Applications of Optical Fiber Cable

 telecommunication field  Civil, consumer and

industrial application industrial application

 military applications  Broadband applications  decorations  Medical Industry

(endoscopy and surgeries)

At the last, we have successfully studied about optical fiber, working principle of Optical Fiber i.e. Total Internal Reflection and gone through various applications of optical Fiber in medicine, Military and various other research and Fiber in medicine, Military and various other research and industrial applications.

⁂ THANK YOU ⁂