Grid Modernization: Opportunities, Challenges, and Solutions - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Grid Modernization: Opportunities, Challenges, and Solutions Jianhui Wang Section Lead Advanced Grid Modeling Center for Energy, Environmental, and Economic Systems Analysis (CEEESA) Energy Systems Division ARGONNE NATIONAL LABORATORY
Jianhui Wang Section Lead – Advanced Grid Modeling Center for Energy, Environmental, and Economic Systems Analysis (CEEESA) Energy Systems Division ARGONNE NATIONAL LABORATORY 9700 South Cass Avenue Argonne, IL 60439 jianhui.wang@anl.gov; +1 630-252-1474 http://ceeesa.es.anl.gov/ https://sites.google.com/site/eejhwang/
AEE Seminar Feb 28, 2017
(NAISE) at Northwestern University (2016-)
7200+ citations. Recipient of the IEEE PES Power System Operation Committee Prize Paper Award in 2015.
& Economics committee and past chair of the IEEE PES Power System Operation Methods subcommittee
Professorship at the Technical University of Denmark (DTU)
conference 2012
national laboratory in 1946
Energy (DOE) laboratory complex
– 17 DOE National Laboratories
LLC
– About 3,398 full-time employees – 4,000 facility users – About $760M budget – Main site: 1500-acre site in Illinois, southwest of Chicago
sponsors in government and private sector
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use
producers
generation
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Source: ABB 2009; Texas Tech 2012
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(temporal), information technology and power engineering (cyber), integrated T&D (spatial), supply and demand (system-wide), power electronics devices
infrastructures (e.g., gas, water, power, communications.)
uncertainty and variability of clean renewable energy, extreme weather events)
centralized (e.g., HPC for faster-than-real- time interconnection-level simulation AND decentralized (e.g., microgrids, electric vehicles)
Source: DOE, 2011
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dynamics
based investment modeling
future infrastructure
simulation
commitment, economic dispatch, incl. stochastic modeling
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– Thermal/hydro optimization – Energy storage – Stochastic short-term operations – Stochastic long-term investment/expansion
interaction
high-performance computing
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Advanced Algorithms
Model Development
Model Applications
dynamics
failures power system restoration
Deployment
and market policies to reduce the cost of wind integration
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Reference: A. Botterud, Z. Zhou, J. Wang, R. Bessa, H. Keko, J. Mendes, J. Sumaili, V. Miranda, Use of Wind Power Forecasting in Operational Decisions, Argonne National Laboratory Technical Report, Sept. 2011, available at http://www.dis.anl.gov/pubs/71389.pdf.
A Resilient Self-Healing Cyber Security Framework for the Power Grid Partners
Attack-resilient Wide-Area Monitoring, Protection, and Control (WAMPAC) framework
(PMU) network infrastructure through a risk mitigation model
methods for the State Estimation (SE) algorithm
control methods
Mitigation and prevention of cyber attacks
to cyber-attacks with the goal of preventing the propagation of the attacks and maintaining the
formulations, attack impact analysis, and Moving Target Defense (MTD) strategies to mitigate sophisticated cyber-attacks
Comprehensive anomaly detection, control, and resilience methods
Physical System (CPS) properties
design of a hierarchical model-based MTD- inspired protection algorithm leveraging spatial- temporal properties of device/system operation
Optimal Power Flow (OPF) algorithm though the use of Principal Component Analysis (PCA)
Addresses Roadmap Milestones: 2.3, 3.4, 3.5, 4.5
Mobile Devices, Remote Access
Feeder Automation
Utility Central Operations
Field Area Network (FAN) Energy Management System (EMS)
Other Utility’s Control Center
Home Area Network (HAN) Wide Area Network (WAN) Home Intelligence Substation Automation Transmission Automation Distribution Automation (DA)
Cloud Computing
Local Area Network (LAN) Local Area Network (LAN)
Cyber- Physical Interface
Line Switch with Radio Transceiver Distribution Poles AMI Collector Solar (or Wind)
Smart Meter
Electric Vehicles Smart Thermostat Communications Tower Fiber Optic Smart Substations (Transmission & Distribution)
Balancing Authority
House Generation
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Roadmap Vision By 2020, resilient energy delivery systems are designed, installed, operated, and maintained to survive a cyber incident while sustaining critical functions. For more information go to: www.controlsystemsroadmap.net
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Protection, and Control (WAMPAC) framework, with associated computational algorithms and software tools, to prevent and mitigate cyber-attacks and achieve resilience of the bulk power system.
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Applications [Argonne (lead), Idaho National Laboratory, Illinois Institute of Technology, University at Buffalo, ComEd, PJM]
– The primary goal of this effort is to develop a secure and trustworthy cloud computing and outsourcing security framework for power grid applications, with associated computational algorithms and software tools, to prevent and mitigate cyber-attacks and achieve resilience of cloud-based power grid
Forecasting Data for Grid Operations [Brookhaven National Laboratory (lead), Argonne National Laboratory, Idaho National Laboratory, Orange & Rockland]
– The goal of this effort is to develop a tool to ensure uninterrupted energy flow from cyber-attacks targeting essential forecasting data for grid operations. The funding level is $3 million over the next five years.
– A $28.1 million DOE award that will develop cyber-resilient energy delivery systems for the electric power and oil & gas industries. The initiative is being led by the University of Illinois at Urbana- Champaign and includes 11 universities and national laboratories. The goals is to focus on improving the resilience and security of the cyber networks that serve as the backbone of the infrastructure that delivers energy to the nation, such as power grid, petroleum and natural gas pipeline systems.
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Cybersecurity for Renewables, Distributed Energy Resources, and Smart Inverters
large-scale integration of distributed energy resources and smart inverters
Cybersecurity for Renewables, Distributed Energy Resources, and Smart Inverters
physical solution to protect the critical power grid infrastructure and the integrated distributed energy resources (DER) from malicious cyber attacks across cyber, physical, and utility layers
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resilience after Hurricane Sandy
DG, microgrids, storage, etc.)
market clearing, etc. Argonne is supporting NY REV initiative
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Community (McCom) with applications to the Bronzeville Community Microgrid (BCM), and develop an interconnected microgrid system design and test plan in the Chicago’s Bronzeville community.
microgrid clusters; (3) cost/benefit analysis of alternatives for microgrids; (4) new reliability and power quality standards based on customer needs; (5) new rates and tariffs to correlate microgrids costs/benefits and customer payments; (6) terms and conditions of service for microgrid customers; (7) market mechanism; (8) service differentiation and rates
targets: (1) 98% reduction in outage time of critical loads, (2) 20% reduction in emissions, and (3) 20% improvement in system energy efficiencies.
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ComEd Community Microgrid in Bronzeville Chicago
Partnered with ComEd Co. to design and test the community microgrid in Bronzeville Chicago
Interactions between Multiple Microgrids and Distribution System
Impact analysis between multiple microgrid controllers and ADMS
Reconfigurable Microgrids to Mitigate the Influence of Natural Disasters Implement dynamically reconfigurable microgrids to facilitate service restoration after disasters Real-time Testbed for Testing Microgrid Controllers and Advanced Applications in DMS Partnered with Eaton Co. to implement the real-time testbed based on OPAL-RT platform Optimal Design Tool for Remote, Resilient and Reliable Microgrids Partnered with LBNL and other national labs to develop optimal design tool for remote microgrids
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Geographically correct map displays Schematic One-Line Displays
Graphical interface of DMS to display the physical connection of a regional distribution system
As accepted by the IEEE PES DMS Task Force, “A DMS is a decision support system that is intended to assist the distribution system operators, engineers, technicians, managers and other personnel in monitoring, controlling, and optimizing the performance of the electric distribution system without jeopardizing the safety of the field workforce and the general public and without jeopardizing the protection of electric distribution assets.”
management of distribution systems
conventional DMS
controller (MC) and DER management system (DERMS)
the integration of MC and DERMS
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Microgrid - 3 AMI DRM OMS DMS DERMS GIS SCADA Microgrid - 2 MC - 1 Enterprise Integration Bus
Integrated approach to achieve an ADMS
– Based on the information gathered from an industry survey, DMS has been widely implemented in existing distribution systems – Only some of the DMS functions have been realized by utilities
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Status of DMS implementation DMS applications being implemented
5 10 15 20 25 No Plans Just Thinking Planning Procuring Design and Test Up and Running Mid-Life Assessment 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% FLISR VVO Online Power Flow Switching Orders Training Simulator Outage Management Tagging & Permits Intelligent Alarming Distribution State Estimation Engineering Analysis Electronic Map Updates DER Management Optimal Network Reconfiguration Emergent Load Shedding Contingency Analysis Demand Response Management Load Forcasting EV Management Asset Management
Source: IEEE industry survey, April 2015.
A DOE Initiative of $6 million/year for the next three years
distribution systems
and management of DERs include microgrid controller (MC) and DER management system (DERMS)
management system (ADMS) should be developed with the integration of MC and DERMS
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Integrated approach to achieve an ADMS
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Microgrids
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management systems for distribution systems
interconnected DER
include:
– Gap analysis – Architectures and use cases
– Test plan and HIL Test setup @NREL – Proof-of-concept system integration through modeling & simulation & HIT performance verification Testing
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High-level Architecture with µEMS, DERMS, DMS
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DC Electrical Systems in Residential and Commercial Buildings
Implementation of a DC electrical system that is connected with rooftop PV arrays
Real-Time Control of Electrical and Thermal Energy Storage Resources in Buildings Implementation of the dynamic controllers of electric vehicles and variable-speed heat pumps to provide demand response services and integrate renewable energy resources Optimal Scheduling of Building Thermal Loads for Cost-Effective Power Balancing Development of optimization problems to reduce electricity price and grid operating cost Occupant-Centered Approach for HVAC System Control Development of a building management system that is integrated with the sensing, control, and judgment of individual occupants on indoor temperatures
modeling structure:
behavior-driven and DR-enabled load models by leveraging practical utility data and laboratory experiments. The proposed framework contains: 1. representation of time-variant, geographically-dependent, and stochastic load behaviors, 2. integration of DGs and power electronic loads, 3. consideration of uncertain customer behaviors, multiple DR programs, physics and economics, 4. application of PMU, SCADA and AMI data for real-time load model identification and calibration.
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Scenario Definition
event, such as weather/climate (hurricanes, ice storms, tornados), earthquakes, cyber,
Physical Impact Assessment
physical damage to relevant infrastructure, including generators, towers/poles, wires, substations, fuel infrastructure (natural gas, coal, petroleum, etc.)
System Modeling
infrastructure
multiple grid assets
and extent of blackout
System Restoration and Response Modeling
time; crew scheduling/staging
transmission-level
distribution level
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Self-assessment (ERAP-D)
Emergency planning (onVCP/ SyncMatrix, SpecialPop, LPAT) EP/PSR exercise/ drill (Scenarios, Threat-Damage, Impact Models)
Mitigation assessment (EPfast, NGfast, POLfast)
Resource mitigation measures, dependencies (IST-RMI)
Power system restoration planning (EGRIP) Blackstart resource planning (EGRIP)
Impact assessment (Threat-Damage, Impact Models)
Hurricane assessment (HEADOUT)
Emergency management/resp
vBEOC)
Real-time PSR analysis (EGRIP) Emerge-Manage., Communication, Collaboration (onVCP/vBEOC)
– High-level plans with aggregations and approximations – Not implementable
– Take the start-up sequences produced by operations
– Generate detailed restoration plans that are implementable
– Satisfy technical feasibility such as voltage stability and transmission line thermal limit – Pick up flexible loads to maintain stability during restoration – Pick up loads after generators are started – Recalculate generator start-up time and critical load pick-up time
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Sectionalization and Sequencing Optimization Cranking Path Generation Solution Repair
Compensation Device Addition Cranking Path Modification Startup Sequence Modification
Restoration Plan
Violated Satisfied Not Satisfied, Re-optimize
Solution Refinement by Simulation
Transient Stability Analysis and ACOPF Frequency Overload Voltage Stability
No Violation
– Data fusion module – Crew and resource dispatch module – Advanced control module – User-defined multi-objective optimization module
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Contact info: Jianhui Wang Energy Systems Division ARGONNE NATIONAL LABORATORY 9700 South Cass Avenue, Bldg. 202 Argonne, IL 60439 Tel: +1 630-252-1474 jianhui.wang@ANL.gov