GRAVITATIONAL-WAVE OBSERVATIONS BY ADVANCED LIGO AND VIRGO LIGO DCC-G1901751 PATRICIA SCHMIDT ON BEHALF OF THE LIGO SCIENTIFIC AND VIRGO COLLABORATIONS TAUP 2019 TOYAMA, JAPAN - SEPTEMBER 9, 2019 Birmingham Institute for Gravitational Wave Astronomy
� 2 GW SPECTRUM THE GRAVITATIONAL WAVE SPECTRUM Image credits: WMAP, NASA, P. Mösta stellar mass stellar-mass compact binary mergers
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� 4 GW DETECTOR NETWORK A GLOBAL GW NETWORK A global consortium with more than 2000 scientist involved! GEO 600 ? Virgo ? ‣ Simultaneous detection increases detection confidence ‣ Improved sky localisation & polarisation ‣ Increased duty cycle
� 5 GWS FROM COMPACT BINARIES MORPHOLOGY OF COMPACT BINARIES Merger Ringdown Inspiral … until they collide … and form a the orbit shrinks … single black hole ▸ Signal „sweeps“ through the detector’s sensitivity band: “chirp” ▸ GWs carry characteristic information about the binary [LVC, PRL 116 (2016)]
� 6 PARAMETER ESTIMATION BINARY PARAMETERS ▸ Intrinsic : ▸ Masses ▸ Spins ▸ Tidal deformability (neutron stars) ▸ Extrinsic : ▸ Inclination, distance, polarisation ▸ Sky location ▸ Time, reference phase
� 7 THE FIRST TWO OBSERVING RUNS O1 & O2 ▸ O1: Sept 12,2015 - Jan 30, 2016 ▸ HL coincident time: 48.6 days Montana earthquake ▸ O2: Nov 30, 2016 - Aug 25, 2017 ▸ Virgo joined on Aug 1, 2017 ▸ 25Mpc BNS range Representative best performance ▸ HL-coincident time: 118 days ▸ HLV-coincident time: 15 days GWTC-1: A Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog of Compact Binary Mergers Observed by LIGO and Virgo during the First and Second Observing Runs LVC, PRX 9 (2019)
� 8 DETECTIONS: GWTC-1 GW DETECTIONS IN O1&O2:GWTC-1 ▸ 11 confident GW detections from compact binaries: ▸ FAR ≤ ~1 per month & probability of astrophysical origin > 50% ▸ 10 binary black holes & 1 binary neutron star GRAVITATIONAL-WAVE TRANSIENT CATALOG- 1 512 512 FREQUENCY [HZ] 128 Frequency [Hz] 128 Frequency [Hz] 32 GW151012 GW170104 GW150914 GW151226 32 512 FREQUENCY [HZ] 128 GW170814 32 GW170608 GW170729 GW170809 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 512 FREQUENCY [HZ] 128 32 GW170823 GW170818 GW170817 : BINARY NEUTRON STAR 40 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 10 20 30 TIME [SECONDS] TIME [SECONDS] TIME [SECONDS] LIGO-VIRGO DATA : HTTPS://DOI.ORG/10.7935/82H3-HH23 EINSTEIN’S THEORY S. GHONGE, K. JANI | GEORGIA TECH WAVELET (UNMODELED)
� 9 DETECTIONS: GWTC-1 GstLAL GW DETECTIONS ▸ Four new binary black hole mergers identified: GW170729 (HL), GW170809 (HL), GW170818 (HLV), GW170823 (HL) ▸ Not all events were found by all pipelines FAR [y − 1 ] Network SNR Event UTC Time PyCBC GstLAL cWB PyCBC GstLAL cWB < 1 . 53 × 10 − 5 < 1 . 00 × 10 − 7 < 1 . 63 × 10 − 4 GW150914 09:50:45.4 23 . 6 24 . 4 25 . 2 7 . 92 × 10 − 3 GW151012 09:54:43.4 0 . 17 – 9 . 5 10 . 0 – < 1 . 69 × 10 − 5 < 1 . 00 × 10 − 7 GW151226 03:38:53.6 0 . 02 13 . 1 13 . 1 11 . 9 < 1 . 37 × 10 − 5 < 1 . 00 × 10 − 7 2 . 91 × 10 − 4 GW170104 10:11:58.6 13 . 0 13 . 0 13 . 0 < 3 . 09 × 10 − 4 < 1 . 00 × 10 − 7 1 . 44 × 10 − 4 GW170608 02:01:16.5 15 . 4 14 . 9 14 . 1 GW170729 18:56:29.3 1 . 36 0 . 18 0 . 02 9 . 8 10 . 8 10 . 2 1 . 45 × 10 − 4 < 1 . 00 × 10 − 7 GW170809 08:28:21.8 – 12 . 2 12 . 4 – < 1 . 25 × 10 − 5 < 1 . 00 × 10 − 7 < 2 . 08 × 10 − 4 GW170814 10:30:43.5 16 . 3 15 . 9 17 . 2 < 1 . 25 × 10 − 5 < 1 . 00 × 10 − 7 GW170817 12:41:04.4 – 30 . 9 33 . 0 – 4 . 20 × 10 − 5 GW170818 02:25:09.1 – – – 11 . 3 – < 3 . 29 × 10 − 5 < 1 . 00 × 10 − 7 2 . 14 × 10 − 3 GW170823 13:13:58.5 11 . 1 11 . 5 10 . 8
� 10 SOURCE PROPERTIES MASSES 50 q 40 1 / 2 1 / 4 m 2 (M � ) 30 1 / 8 20 10 0 0 20 40 60 80 m 1 (M � ) GW170817 GW151226 GW170104 GW170809 GW150914 GW170729 GW170608 GW151012 GW170814 GW170818 GW170823 ▸ Wide range of masses ▸ More BBH towards the heavy end but none in either mass gap ▸ GW170729: heaviest, furthest away [LVC, PRX 9 (2019)]
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� 12 GW BINARIES IN CONTEXT THE STELLAR GRAVEYARD
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