Functional Land Management Prof Rogier Schulte, Lilian O’Sullivan & Dr David Wall
Teagasc – the Agriculture & Food Development Authority of Ireland Johnstown Castle Research centre Advisory office Agri college Johnstown Castle Laboratories Head office Knowledge Transfer
http://www.sciencemag.org/content/ early/2014/09/17/science.1257469 Are we running out of land? Or: how can we make the most of our land? Or: how can we manage the increasing demands on our land?
D EMANDS ON OUR LAND I want to grow my milk output by 50%
D EMANDS ON OUR LAND We will provide clean drinking water
D EMANDS ON OUR LAND We need to sequester carbon
Protect the home of D EMANDS ON OUR LAND biodiversity
D EMANDS ON OUR LAND We need to find a home for our waste…
S OIL FUNCTIONS : THE IDEA
W HAT CAN OUR LAND SUPPLY ? Functions in EU Them atic Strategy: - Primary productivity: food, fibre, fuel - Water regulation & purification - Carbon regulation & sequestration - Habitat for functional & intrinsic biodiversity - Nutrient Cycling - (Archeological archive) - (Building platform)
W HAT CAN OUR LAND SUPPLY ? All soils / land perform all functions… … but different parts of the land(scape) are better at delivering different functions
W HAT CAN OUR LAND SUPPLY ?
S OIL FUNCTIONS IN RELATION TO LAND USE Relative importance depends on land use land use Tillage Biomass / Grassland Forestry Grassland Forestry Peat NATURA (coniferous) ( unimproved ) (crops) biofuel (improved) (deciduous) (upland) 2000
S OIL FUNCTIONS IN RELATION TO LAND USE Relative importance depends on land use x soil type: land use W ell drained Tillage Biomass / Grassland Forestry Grassland Forestry Peat NATURA (coniferous) ( unimproved ) (crops) biofuel (improved) (deciduous) (upland) 2000 Moderately drained Poorly drained
S OIL FUNCTIONS IN RELATION TO LAND USE Relative importance depends on land use x soil type: land use W ell drained Tillage Biomass / Grassland Forestry Grassland Forestry Peat NATURA (coniferous) ( unimproved ) (crops) biofuel (improved) (deciduous) (upland) 2000 Moderately drained Poorly drained
S OIL FUNCTIONS IN RELATION TO LAND USE
M APPING SOIL FUNCTIONS land use drainage
M APPING SOIL FUNCTIONS
D EMANDS FOR SOIL FUNCTIONS Agricultural policy fram ew ork • Common Agricultural Policy (Pillar 1) • Areas of Natural Constraints (Pillar 2) Environm ental policies • Greening Measures (Pillar 1) • Nitrates Directive • Water Framework Directive (DG Env) • Habitat & Birds Directive (DG Env) • Agri-Environmental Schemes (Pillar 2) • EU 2030 Climate and Energy Package (European Council) • Sewage Sludge Directive
M APPING SUPPLY & DEMAND
M APPING SUPPLY & DEMAND
M ANAGING SOIL FUNCTIONS : SOIL MANAGEMENT AND LAND MANAGEMENT
T HE ISSUE OF SCALE Drinking water standard = ubiquitous Cannot be ‘offset’ between regions Carbon sequestration ambition = national Can (and should) be optimised by region
T HAT IS THE THEORY ; H OW WOULD IT WORK IN PRACTICE ?
P OLICY F RAMEWORK Pathway Existing Policy Instruments Market Mandatory Voluntary Afforestation Afforestation Designation of Designation of Schemes Schemes NATURA 2000 & NATURA 2000 & Marketing Marketing High Status Waterbodies High Status Waterbodies Areas of Natural Areas of Natural Constraint Constraint Land Use Management (National / EU) Value-chain Value-chain River Basin District River Basin District Management Plans Management Plans Manure Manure trading trading Agri-environment Agri-environment schemes schemes Nitrates Nitrates GAEC GAEC Quality Quality Environmental Environmental Greening Greening assurance assurance Impact Impact measures measures schemes schemes Farm Management (local) Assessment Assessment Single Farm Single Farm Payment Payment
H OW ? “think” “do”
B RIDGING THE T HINK – D O GAP
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