Food transport within the context of sustainability Sustainability - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Food transport

within the context of sustainability

Sustainability Opportunities 201 6 Josefin Borg, Per Fors, Simon Isaksson, Marianna Lena Kambanou

Overview

To explore the comprehensive challenges associated with food transport from the perspective of sustainability’s three dimensions: environmental, social and economic literature review of challenges 2 case studies (banana & coffee) discussion solutions - opportunities “ Fo

• d mile

s ” the dis tanc e that fo

• d has

trave lle d b e tw e e n pro duc tio n and c

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Sustainability Challenges

Three main drivers for food transportation

1 . Regional production price differences

E.g. meat and dairy products produced in New Zealand, supplying North Atlantic economies

• 2. Movement of seasonal crops between hemispheres

E.g. citrus and deciduous fruits from South Africa transported to the Northern hemisphere during its winter season

• 3. Climatic differences

E.g. bananas

Food transport UK in 2002

A ccounted for around 30 billion vehicle kilometers

82% of these were within the UK

Road vehicles dominating Food tonne kilometers would change the figures 1 992-2002: Air freight grew with 1 40%

Still only 0.1 % of vehicle kilometers or 1 % of food tonne kilometers Vehicle-kilometers by transport mode for UK food market in 2002. LGV = Light Goods

• Vehicle. HGV = Heavy Goods Vehicle.

Source DEFRA 2005

Food transport UK in 2002

Vehicle-kilometers by transport mode for UK food market in 2002. LGV = Light Goods

• Vehicle. HGV = Heavy Goods Vehicle.

Source DEFRA 2005 UK food transport related CO2 emissions in

• 2002. LGV = Light Goods Vehicle.

HGV = Heavy Goods Vehicle. Source DEFRA 2005

World trade in perishable food stuffs (mt)

Development perishable foodstuffs' world trade (mt), 1983-2005. Source: Stopford 2009 (with data from FAO)

Three types of refrigerated cargo

Frozen cargo

Fully frozen, temperatures up to -26°C E.g. meat and fish

Chilled cargo

Low temperatures but above freezing point E.g. dairy products and other perishables

Controlled temperatures

b d f d d

Capacity reefer fleet and reefer container development (1 980- 2007)

Source: Clarkson Research Reefer and Container registers (from Stopford, 2009)

Case studies

Comparing transportation of bananas and coffee

• Case comparison

○ Similarities

• Kind of food product
• Transportation route

○ Differences

• Product chain
• Processing
• Impact from transport
• Mode of transportation

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_world_map_changes#/media/File:BlankMap-World.png

Case studies

Comparing transportation of bananas and coffee

Sustainability considerations Environmental Mode of transportation Waste due to spoiled produce Economic Tariffs, import licenses, free trade Social

Discussion

Food transport is part of the sustainability discussion for both food

• od and trans

nspo port. Sustainability is unk unkno nown and ver ery c complex ex Efficiency, lifecycle perspective, context, labour conditions both nega gativ ive and posit itiv ive sustainability dimensions nega gativ ive e.g. ghg emissions, fuel consumption, loss of local jobs, animal cruelty, higher chance of human rights violation posit itiv ive e.g. cities as health promoters, accessible and culturally acceptable food, variety, aid work

Sustainability opportunities

• Fossil free transport
• Climate resistant

infrastructure

• Climatic, water, cultural & economic

assessments of food production & processing potential of areas to substitute purely financial criteria

• Better refrigeration

technology

• Packaging
• Better tracking systems
• Building up of infrastructure

in developing countries

• Rethink luxury and necessity
• Fair trade as standard practice

globally

• Prohibit food air-transport

Incremental Major Incremental Major

So Socio-ec economic d dev evel elopmen ents Technolo logic gical l de develo lopments

Food transport

within the context of sustainability

Sustainability Opportunities 201 6 Josefin Borg, Per Fors, Simon Isaksson, Marianna Lena Kambanou