Food insecurity among WA children: local context and practical - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Food insecurity among WA children: local context and practical - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Edith Cowan University School of Medical and Health Sciences Food insecurity among WA children: local context and practical classroom strategies Dr Stephanie Godrich cPHN, RPHNutr. Edith Cowan University HEIA WA Keynote Presentation 10

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Edith Cowan University

School of Medical and Health Sciences

Food insecurity among WA children: local context and practical classroom strategies

Dr Stephanie Godrich cPHN, RPHNutr. Edith Cowan University HEIA WA Keynote Presentation 10 November 2017

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Edith Cowan University

School of Medical and Health Sciences

Plan for this morning

  • About me
  • Food security
  • WA research findings
  • Discussion of classroom strategies
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Edith Cowan University

School of Medical and Health Sciences

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Edith Cowan University

School of Medical and Health Sciences

What was my research journey?

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What is food security/insecurity?

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Edith Cowan University

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‘Food security exists when all people at all times have physical, social and economic access to food, which is safe and consumed in sufficient quantity and quality to meet their dietary needs and food preferences for a healthy and active life.’ 2009 Committee on World Food Security, FAO

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Edith Cowan University

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The determinants of food security - influences on food choice

STABILITY

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School of Medical and Health Sciences

A multitude of food influences

Social Nutritional Environmental Economic

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Edith Cowan University

School of Medical and Health Sciences

Food security in Australia – what we know to date nationally

Food security monitored nationally every 3 years – Australian Health Survey

“In the last 12 months did you run out

  • f food and couldn’t afford to buy

more?”

4% (approx. 1 million) Australians living in a household are food insecure (Australian Health Survey 2011-2012)

This single item question underreports food security by 5-10 % No prevalence among children (as reported by the child) – little known in R&R WA

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Edith Cowan University

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What is the impact on health, wellbeing and development?

  • Social issues

– Theft – Social skills – Scholastic achievement – Impact on education and employment

  • High consumption of cheap, energy-dense foods

can lead to:

– Nutrient deficiencies and obesity – Chronic diseases

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Edith Cowan University

School of Medical and Health Sciences

WA research findings – children’s food security/insecurity

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School of Medical and Health Sciences

What was the study all about?

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Edith Cowan University

School of Medical and Health Sciences

Methods

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Edith Cowan University

School of Medical and Health Sciences

Determinants of food security among WA children

Source: Godrich, S.L., Davies, C.R., Darby, J., Devine, A. (2017). What are the determinants of food security among regional and remote Western Australian children? Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health. Advance Online Publication. doi: 10.1111/1753-6405.12636.

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Edith Cowan University

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Food Availability Dimension

  • Availability

– Disparity between R&R locations.

  • Price

– Farmers’ markets, direct retail, multiple outlets decreased prices.

  • Quality

– Local/regional food supply increased quality.

  • Promotion

– Junk foods in high view vs weekly specials, point-of-purchase prompts, recipe ideas.

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Edith Cowan University

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“I mentioned the carrots growing a bit of mould…but you buy it because you need it and you cut off the mouldy bit.” (School/Youth Worker)

WA evidence: Quality

Godrich, S.L., Davies, C.R., Darby, J., Devine, A. (2017). What are the determinants of food security among regional and remote Western Australian children? Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health. Advance Online Publication. doi: 10.1111/1753-6405.12636.

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“And then the kids try and take what they learn from school and we have posters… about healthy eating in the store … that the kids made.” (School/Youth Worker)

WA evidence: Promotion of healthy food

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Edith Cowan University

School of Medical and Health Sciences

Food Access Dimension

  • Social support

– Inequities in formal options – Schools sometimes only formal support available – Informal initiatives filling gap – produce swapping groups

  • Financial resources

– Impact of mining sector downturn. – Families choosing ‘cheap foods’ to bulk out meals

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Edith Cowan University

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“The top tier of economy is the farmers and business owners and the people who work in fly in fly out roles that have higher disposable incomes... The other sector of the community, the majority of these people are on benefits or are working and on lower level incomes.” (Health Worker)

WA evidence: Financial resources

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Edith Cowan University

School of Medical and Health Sciences

Food Utilisation Dimension

  • Nutrition knowledge and cooking skills

– Schools significantly contributed to knowledge, filtered through to home environment – Kitchen gardens discussed favourably – Experiential learning critical.

  • Storage facilities

– Frequent power outages impacted cooking and storage

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Edith Cowan University

School of Medical and Health Sciences

Experiential learning – school gardens/markets

Farmers’ markets on school sites, after-school markets: partnerships and services link in Health Promoting Schools Framework School and community gardens: health-promoting spaces and health messaging

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School of Medical and Health Sciences

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Edith Cowan University

School of Medical and Health Sciences

Prevalence and socio- demographic predictors of child food insecurity

Source: Godrich, S.L., Davies, C.R., Darby, J., Devine, A. (2017). Prevalence and socio- demographic predictors of food insecurity among regional and remote Western Australian children. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health.

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Edith Cowan University

School of Medical and Health Sciences

Child food insecurity in WA

Source: Godrich, S.L, Lo, J., Davies, C.R, Darby, J., Devine, A. (2017). Prevalence and socio-demographic predictors of food insecurity among regional and remote Western Australian children. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health.

66.7% 13.2% 16.9% 3.2% High Food Security Marginal Food Security Low Food Security Very Low Food Security Food Security Status

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Source: Godrich, S.L, Lo, J., Davies, C.R, Darby, J., Devine, A. (2017). Prevalence and socio-demographic predictors of food insecurity among regional and remote Western Australian children. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health.

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Edith Cowan University

School of Medical and Health Sciences

Establishing predictors of child food insecurity in WA

In our analyses, we considered:

Caregiver highest level of educational attainment Caregiver employment status Total number

  • f household

residents Number of resident children SEIFA Index of Relative Socio- Economic Disadvantage Family receipt

  • f government

financial assistance Caregiver age Child age Caregiver gender Child gender Remoteness

Source: Godrich, S.L, Lo, J., Davies, C.R, Darby, J., Devine, A. (2017). Prevalence and socio-demographic predictors of food insecurity among regional and remote Western Australian children. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health.

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Edith Cowan University

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Predictors of child food insecurity in WA

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Impacts of food security determinants on dietary quality

Source: Godrich, S.L., Lo, J., Davies, C.R., Darby, J., Devine, A. (2017). Which food security determinants predict adequate vegetable consumption among rural Western Australian children? International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 14 (40), pp 1-15. doi:10.3390/ijerph14010040.

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Food supply key predictor of veg consumption among WA children

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What are some potential teaching strategies?

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Distribution Production Marketing Retail and Purchasing Preparation and consumption

Intercepting the food system to increase equity

  • Local food supply
  • Build agricultural areas
  • Local food

supply – sustainability

  • Promote nutritious

foods in store (point-of-purchase)

  • Social marketing
  • Town planning - multiple food outlets, gardens,

markets Waste

  • Placed-

based need for EFR

  • Food literacy

programs

  • Teach food

guidance systems in context – frozen/tinned

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Edith Cowan University

School of Medical and Health Sciences

Food Hubs

http://www.foodhubs.org.au/what-are-food-hubs/ Rose, N (2017). Community food hubs: an economic and social justice model for regional Australia? Rural Society; 26:3, 225- 237, DOI: 10.1080/10371656.2017.1364482

What are they? Evidence:

  • Contribute to increased fruit and vegetable intake
  • Community empowerment key factor in success
  • Can act as catalyst for broader changes to food system

Production Distribution

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Edith Cowan University

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Promotion of healthy food: Mass media

Marketing

https://livelighter.com.au/Eat-Brighter/

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School of Medical and Health Sciences

Promotion of healthy food: In-store

Godrich, S.L., Lo, J., Davies, C.R., Darby, J., Devine, A. (2017). Which food security determinants predict adequate vegetable consumption among rural Western Australian children? International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 14 (40), pp 1-15. doi:10.3390/ijerph14010040.

Marketing

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Edith Cowan University

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Town planning

Retail and Purchasing

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School of Medical and Health Sciences

Healthy built food environments

http://www.healthyactivebydesign.com.au/design- features/healthy-food

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School of Medical and Health Sciences

Food literacy

Preparation and consumption

https://www.eatforhealth.gov.au/guidelines /australian-guide-healthy-eating

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Food waste

Waste https://erconnect.dropin.org.au/?s=1

http://www.foodwise.com.au/foodwaste/food-waste-fast-facts/

https://www.ecu.edu.au/news/edith-magazine/articles/2017/issue- 08/winning-the-war-on-waste

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Research translation: infographics

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Research translation: WA Food Security Living Lab

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Research translation: presentations to stakeholder agencies

Is your organisation interested in a particular presentation from today’s ‘taster’?

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Edith Cowan University

School of Medical and Health Sciences

Thank you to….

Participants: This study would not have been possible without the time and insights provided by the participants. Project team:

  • Prof Amanda Devine1
  • Dr Christina Davies2,3
  • Dr Johnny Lo1
  • Jill Darby1

1Edith Cowan University; 2The University of Western Australia; 3Public Health Advocacy Institute of Western

Australia.

Funder: This study was conducted under a Health Promotion Research Training Scholarship (Grant number 24233), provided by the Western Australian Health Promotion Foundation (Healthway).

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Edith Cowan University

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Let’s chat!

Dr Stephanie Godrich, cPHN, RPHNutr. School of Medical and Health Sciences Edith Cowan University Email: s.godrich@ecu.edu.au Twitter: @steph_godrich LinkedIn: Stephanie Godrich