First autism Medicaid Education of All waiver (MD) Individuals - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
First autism Medicaid Education of All waiver (MD) Individuals with Handicapped Disabilities Education Children Act Community Act includes autism Mental Mental Health Medicaid Health Act Olmstead Act Parity Act Waivers start 1960
Community Mental Health Act Education of All Handicapped Children Act Medicaid Medicaid Waivers start EAHC extended to Infants and toddlers Individuals with Disabilities Education Act includes autism Mental Health Parity Act Olmstead Act First autism insurance mandate (IN) First autism Medicaid waiver (MD) Medicaid covers autism treatment
1960 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 00 05 10 15
Affordable Care Act Fair Housing Act extended to people With disabilities Americans with Disabilities Act
10.4% 17.1% 18.0%
$0 $50 $100 $150 $200 $250 $300 $350 Non Mandate States 1 Yr Post Mandate 2 Yrs Post Mandate 3+ Yrs Post Mandate
Eligible Children Ineligible Children
Monthly Spending
Wang et al. (2013)
1.2 Respite care
1% 3%
Therapeutic care Other services
Weitlauf et al. Comparative Effectiveness Review No. 137. AHRQ.
$0 $10,000 $20,000 $30,000 $40,000 $50,000 $60,000 $70,000
ESDM Community ESDM Community
ESDM EIBI OT/PT social skills special education speech therapy
.26 .15 1 1
.23 .21 1 1
Subject Clinician System Restrictive inclusion and exclusion criteria Whoever shows up Highly trained and supervised in tx Variable training, supervision, motivation and caseload Grant funding insures tx delivery at desired intensity and duration tx subject to programmatic and funding priorities
Traditional RCT Community Practice
Subject Clinician System Restrictive inclusion and exclusion criteria Whoever shows up Highly trained and supervised in tx Variable training, supervision, motivation and caseload Grant funding insures tx delivery at desired intensity and duration tx subject to programmatic and funding priorities
Traditional RCT Community Practice
An array of interventions and instructional strategies are utilized to support teachers and staff who teach children with autism. Some of these include:
These strategies are used across all settings, ages and grades based on the individual needs of students.
2 4 6 8 10 1 2 3 4 5
Change in IQ How well teachers implemented the program (fidelity)
Adapted from Azjen (1986, 1991) and Williams and Glisson (2013)
Intentions Self-Efficacy Norms Attitudes Skill Beliefs Behavior Knowledge School District State Federal Policy/ Organizational Environment
Intentions Self-Efficacy Norms Attitudes Skill Beliefs Behavior Knowledge School District State Federal Organizational characteristics
Positive reinforcement Data collection One-to-one(?) intervention each day Visual schedules
Pedagogy Resources Staffing Attitudes