Fi it tt ti in ng g t th he e R Ra a d d i ia a t ti - PDF document

Fi it tt ti in ng g t th he e R Ra a d d i ia a t ti io o n n F Sa a f fe e t ty y P Pi ie e c c e e i in nt to o t th he e S Ji ig g s sa a w w P Pu uz zz zl le e : : R Re e s st to o r ri in ng g J Ag g r ri ic c u ul lt tu ur re e a a n nd d F Fo o o o d d A Se e c c t to o r r A Af ft te e r rm ma a t th h t th he e S G r re e a a t t T T o h ho o k ku u D Di is sa a s st te e r r G o A T hought Note s: Dr aft for Comme nts SVRK Pr abhakar I nstitute fo r Glo b a l E nviro nme nta l Stra te g ie s, Ha ya ma , Ja pa n Aug ust 2011 1

Im mp p o o r rt ta a n nt t Q Q u ue e s st ti io o n ns s t to o P Po o n nd d e e r r I F o llo wing a re so me impo rta nt q ue stio ns ra ise d a mo ng po lic y c o mmunity.  Wha t me a sure s a re re q uire d to kic k-sta rt the a g ric ulture a nd fo o d se c to r in the a ffe c te d a re a s?  T o wha t e xte nt the c ivil a nd nuc le a r sa fe ty a utho ritie s a re c o nne c te d a t the lo c a l le ve l (o r ho w b e st the y c a n b e stre ng the ne d)?  Wha t is the le ve l o f ra dia tio n sa fe ty pre pa re dne ss in pre fe c ture s with nuc le a r po we r pla nts? [Wha t le ve l o f c ha ng e s ha ppe ne d in the se pre fe c ture s b e fo re a nd a fte r the F ukushima ? ]  Ho w pe o ple pe rc e ive a nd ra te diffe re nt a spe c ts o f re spo nse s b y va rio us a g e nc ie s a fte rma th o f F ukushima ? T his thought note s mainly de als with the fir st que stion liste d above i.e . what me asur e s ar e r e quir e d to kic k-star t agr ic ultur e in the affe c te d ar e as! 2

Br ro o a a d d C C a a t te e g g o o r ry y o o f f M Me e a a s su ur re e s s B Ne e e e d d e e d d : : I Im mm me e d d i ia a t te e a a n nd d N Lo o n ng g - -t te e r rm m L  I mme dia te me a sure s › E sta b lish Ag ric ultura l a nd F o o d Re sto ra tio n Co mmitte e s a t a ll le ve ls › I nitia te da ma g e a sse ssme nt a nd de c isio n suppo rt syste ms › Ma ke a va ila b le info rma tio n o n imme dia te ‘ de plo ya b ility’ o f a g ric ulture in the a ffe c te d a re a s (ho w-so o n, ho w-fa r, ho w ma ny, a nd ho w fa rme rs c a n g e t to the ir no rma l live s) › E nha nc e d insura nc e pa yo uts a nd o the r re lie f me a sure s  L o ng -te rm me a sure s: › Stre ng the ning I nstitutio na l syste ms (a nd fa rme r suppo rt 3

syste ms) › Stre ng the ning c a pa c ity a c ro ss the spe c trum o f sta ke ho lde rs invo lve d in fo o d pro duc tio n a nd distrib utio n c ha in › I ntro duc tio n o f po lic ie s to e na b le the a b o ve Es st ta a b b l li is sh hi in ng g A Ag g r ri ic c u ul lt tu ur ra a l l a a n nd d E Fo o o o d d R Re e s st to o r ra a t ti io o n n C C o o m mm mi it tt te e e e s s F a n nd d G G u ui id d e e l li in ne e s s a  Co nsist o f a n a g ric ultura l te c hno lo g y e xpe rt (pre fe ra b ly fro m a re se a rc h c e nte r o r unive rsity), ra dio lo g ic a l fo o d he a lth spe c ia list, a nd JAs, lo c a l a dministra tive re pre se nta tive s. Co mmitte e s a t lo c a l le ve l c a n ha ve fa rme r re pre se nta tive s.  Wo uld ha ve to b e e sta b lishe d a t the na tio na l, pro vinc ia l ( ken ) a nd distric t ( gun ) le ve ls a nc ho re d within the a g ric ultura l de pa rtme nt o f the pre fe c tura l g o ve rnme nts a nd the Ministry o f Ag ric ulture a t the na tio na l le ve l.  Ab le to e ng a g e e xpe rts o n spe c ific sub je c t ma tte rs (e .g . sa linity, infra struc ture e ng ine e rs, 4

ra dia tio n sa fe ty e tc ) a s the ne e d ma y a rise .  Will a ssist g o ve rnme nts a t re le va nt le ve ls in fo rmula ting pla ns fo r re lie f a nd re ha b ilita tio n o f a g ric ulture a nd fo o d.  Will c o me up with g uide line s a nd pro c e dura l de ta ils fo r fa rme rs fo r re juve na ting the a g ric ultura l a c tivitie s a nd to a va il va rio us po lic y pro visio ns tha t g o ve rnme nt ha s pro vide d fo r the m. In ni it ti ia a t te e D Da a m ma a g g e e A As ss se e s ss sm me e n nt t I a n nd d D De e c c i is si io o n n S Su up p p p o o r rt t S Sy ys st te e m ms s a I mpa c ts o f the triple -disa ste r:  Sa liniza tio n o f va st a g ric ultura l la nd a lo ng the No rthe a st c o a st o f Ja pa n  Ra dia tio n c o nta mina tio n in a re a s ne a r F ukushima nuc le a r po we r pla nt  Da ma g e to irrig a tio n a nd o the r re la te d a g ric ultura l infra struc ture due to the e a rthq ua ke a nd tsuna mi 5

L e ge nd for the F igur e 1: A: re fe rs to a re a s with a ll fo rms o f impa c ts: sa liniza tio n, ra dia tio n a nd physic a l da ma g e B: re fe rs to a re a s with physic a l da ma g e a nd ra dia tio n C: Re fe rs to a re a s with sa liniza tio n a nd ra dia tio n D: re fe rs to a re a s with sa liniza tio n a nd physic a l da ma g e E , F , G re fe rs to a re a s o nly Figure 1: Showing the triple impacts of the Tohoku with ra dia tio n, physic a l disaster and their overlapping nature which is da ma g e , a nd sa liniza tio n important to design interventions. re spe c tive ly.  I nitia te me a sure s to ide ntify a nd q ua ntify a re a s a nd impa c ts re la te d to ra dia tio n, sa liniza tio n a nd physic a l da ma g e (this ste p spa ns fro m sho rt to me dium te rm b ut sho uld b e initia te d a t e a rly sta g e s o f disa ste r ma na g e me nt). › Da ma g e a sse ssme nt te a ms a t 6

villa g e a nd c ity le ve ls. › Se lf-a sse ssme nt fo rms whe re ve r po ssib le a nd thro ug h we b site s if the na ture o f da ma g e a llo w. › Syste ms to c o lle c t so il sa mple s fo r c he c king ra dia tio n a nd sa linity le ve ls. › L ive liho o d a nd skill ma pping to ide ntify me a ns o f live liho o d dive rsific a tio n fo r fa rme rs who c a nno t fa rm so o ne r (o r ne ve r). Re e - -d d e e p p l lo o y yi in ng g A Ag g r ri ic c u ul lt tu ur re e i in n R Ar re e a a s s w wi it th h N No o o o r r S Sa a f fe e A Ra a d d i ia a t ti io o n n L Le e v ve e l ls s R  Sa linity c o uld b e a po te ntia l limita tio n in the se a re a s. Cla ssify a re a s with va rio us de g re e o f sa linity 7

 Are a s with lo w sa linity › I ntro duc e sa line to le ra nt ric e va rie tie s  Are a s with me dium sa linity › Pro vide suppo rt fo r re c la ma tio n (sc ra ping , le a c hing , flushing a s ha s b e e n do ne in I ra q a nd Austra lia ) › I ntro duc e sa line to le ra nt ric e va rie tie s  Are a s with hig h sa linity › Asse ss fe a sib ility fo r re c la ma tio n (in a dditio n a pplic a tio n o f g ypsum) › I f no re c la ma tio n is fe a sib le , Ha lo phyte s c a n pro vide a lte rna tive he re (Sc ie nc e , 2008)  Mo re diffic ult to re sto re tha n a re a s a ffe c te d with sa linity 8

a nd he nc e due c a re sho uld b e ta ke n in fina lizing pla ns fo r re sto ra tio n in the se a re a s.  Whe re re me dia tio n is no t fe a sib le : › Co nside r using la nd fo r a lte rna tive purpo se s suc h a s wind-mills, so la r po we r fie lds e tc . › E sta b lishme nt o f ‘ sa nc tua rie s’ in a re a s with re la tive ly lo w ra dia tio n le ve ls. › Pe rma ne nt c o mpe nsa tio n pa c ka g e s to fa rme rs a nd o the rs a ffe c te d due to e va c ua tio n a nd lo ss o f live liho o d  Whe re re me dia tio n is fe a sib le : › I nitia te pro c e dure s fo r 9

phyto re me dia tio n a nd o the r re c la ma tio n pro c e dure s. › Co ntinuo us mo nito ring o f ra dia tio n le ve ls fo r time ly re sto ra tio n o f pe rmissib le a c tivitie s. T he e r ro o l le e o o f f J JA A a a n nd d o o t th he e r r T h Re e l la a t te e d d A Ag g e e n nc c i ie e s s R  Stre ng the n its o wn sta ff to pro vide suita b le skills a nd kno wle dg e to fa rme rs o n fa rming unde r sa line c o nditio ns, phyto re me dia tio n e tc .  Pa rtic ipa te a nd c o ntrib ute to Ag ric ulture a nd F o o d Re sto ra tio n Co mmitte e s  Ha ze n insura nc e pa yme nts to tho se fa rme rs who 10

o b ta ine d c ro p insura nc e thro ug h JA a nd a sso c ia te d a g e nc ie s.  Asse ss its po st-disa ste r pe rfo rma nc e a nd e sta b lish its o wn inte rna l sta nda rd o pe ra ting pro c e dure s fo r q uic ke r re spo nse to simila r e ve nts in the future .  Assist a g ric ulture e xte nsio n c e nte rs to disse mina te ne c e ssa ry info rma tio n a nd skills to fa rme rs fo r re sto ra tio n. C o o o o p p e e r ra a t ti iv ve e s s a a n nd d E Ex xt te e n ns si io o n n C De e p p a a r rt tm me e n nt ts s D  Stre ng the n a g ric ultura l 11