Fast Mobile IP Handoffs in Cellular Systems Presented by: Karim El - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Fast Mobile IP Handoffs in Cellular Systems

X MIP Handoff performance can cause excessive packet loss and service disruption X Smooth handoffs cannot fully support “inelastic” real-time applications (e.g. IP Telephony) X Fast Handoff method uses the Hierarchical Agents Hierarchies may contain more than one level X Fast Handoffs require an advertisement extension to support hierarchical advertising

Presented by: Karim El Malki (karim@dcs.shef.ac.uk) (draft-elmalki-mobileip-fast-handoffs-00.txt by K. El Malki, N. Fikouras and S. Cvetkovic)

MIP Handoff Performance

6.2e+06 6.25e+06 6.3e+06 6.35e+06 6.4e+06 6.45e+06 6.5e+06 6.55e+06 6.6e+06 6.65e+06 6.7e+06 6615260 6.8e+06 6.85e+06 6.9e+06 6.95e+06 7e+0 6 0.6 0.7 1.4 3 Tim e (in S econds )

S low Sta rt

6.75e+06 1 .6 sec . differen ce in TC P h an do ff rec ov ery tim e

com plete d

6.2 2.8e+06 2.85e+06 2.9e+06 2.95e+06 3e+0 6 3072756 3.1e+06 3.15e+06 3.2e+06 3.25e+06 3.3e+06 3.35e+06

P ac ket loss due to P ath M T U D iscov ery

3.05e+06

M IP ha n doff starte d 3rd tim eo ut 0.8 se c 1st tim e out 5th tim eou t 0.2 se c 3.2 se c 2nd tim eout 0.4 se c 4th tim eou t 1.6 sec L C S M IP han doff com plete d

TC P Packet S equence Num bers of LC S test

A P acket Trace of TCP Traffic during a M IP Handoff w ith ECS support E C S M IP han doff

2 .5 sec . differen ce betw ee n EC S an d LC S M IP h an d offs

3rd tim eo ut 4th tim eou t 0.8 se c 1.6 se c 1st tim e out 0.2 se c 2nd tim eout 0.4 se c

0.2

S low start P ac ket loss due to P ath M T U D iscov ery

TC P Packet S equence Num bers of E CS test

A P acket Trace of TCP Traffic during a M IP Handoff w ith LCS support

2.7

7&3 3HUIRUPDQFH RYHU 0,3 ZLWK /&6

3DWK 078 'LVFRYHU\

7&3 3HUIRUPDQFH RYHU 0,3 ZLWK (&6

3DWK 078 'LVFRYHU\

Service Disruption = 6.3s Service Disruption = 2.7s

.................................................... . . . GLOBAL INTERNET . .................................................... / \ / \ +-------------------------+ +-------------------+ | ISP | | ISP | | ----- | | ----- | Top +---------|TPFA1|---------+ +-------|TPFA2|-----+ Level ----- ----- / \ |

• ---- \ |

Local | PFA | \_______ |

• ---- \______ \ |

/ \ \ \ | Lowest ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- Level | FA1 | | FA2 | | FA3 | | FA4 | | FA5 |

• ---- ----- ----- ----- -----

| | | | | | ---------- | | | | | | BS BS BS BS | | | | MN ---------------> MN -------------> MN -------------------> MN

Hierarchical Mobility Agents

X Smooth and Fast Handoffs

Mobile ISPs, Aeroplanes etc.

Fast Mobile IP Handoffs

If Received advertisement then If PM comparison indicates discovery of new subnet then Movement has been detected (cached PFA address extension) Find common PFA If there is a common PFA then Send a registration request using the common PFA as COA Set the S bit for a simultaneous binding Use a short registration lifetime (3*advertisement rate) else Send a registration request using the TPFA as COA Set the S bit for a simultaneous binding Use a short registration lifetime (3*advertisement rate) MD methods: Eager to add a binding, Lazy to abandon an existing binding

Type Length ...PFA IP A ddress

1 2 3 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

T P FA IP Address... ...T PFA IP Address PFA IP A ddress... Type Length ...PFA IP A ddress

1 2 3 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

TP FA IP Address... ...T P FA IP Address PFA IP A ddress...

Type To be defined Length 2+(4*N), where N is the sum of a TPFA and the number of PFA addresses advertised TPFA IP Address The TPFA IP Address field contains the Top Proxy Foreign Agent's address. PFA IP Address The PFA IP Address fields contains the Proxy Foreign Agent addresses.

The Fast Handoffs Advertisement Extension

Fast Mobile IP Handoffs in Cellular Systems

X Support for “loss-less” “inelastic” real-time traffic (IP Telephony) X Easy migration to CDMA 3rd/4th Generation Cellular Systems (simple coordination of operations between layers 2 & 3) X Hierarchical Networks are easily scaleable (i.e. multi-level) X Mobile Networks (Mobile VPNs)

• Aeroplanes etc.

X Cellular QoS based on IntServ and DiffServ