Faculty, TAs and Staff Faculty : Prof. Ratul Dasgupta TAs : Rupak - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Faculty, TAs and Staff

Faculty : Prof. Ratul Dasgupta TAs : Rupak Kumar (rupakkumar001@gmail.com)

Anshu Shukla (anshu.shukla.27@gmail.com) Vankudooth Naresh (123020042@iitb.ac.in)

Staff Members : Amit Shinde

Jayesh Koli

Principles to be Illustrated

To visually observe laminar and turbulent

flow patterns

To determine the critical Reynolds number

for transition from laminar to turbulent flow

To determine the friction factor and to verify

the relationship between f and Re.

Background Theory

 Fluid flows can be largely divided into two

types: laminar and turbulent

 Laminar flow is at low fluid velocities where

there is no lateral mixing and layers slide over each other

 Turbulent flow is at high fluid velocities, the

flow is irregular and eddies disrupt the flow

 The Reynolds number is used to estimate the

type of flow. It measures the magnitude of turbulence

 Reynolds number is the ratio of the inertial force to the

viscous force

 The flow is considered to be laminar for Reynolds

number less than 2100

 Flow is turbulent for Reynolds number greater than

4100

 For the intermediate numbers the flow is considered to

be transient

 Friction factor is the ratio of the wall shear stress to the

product of the density and velocity head

Theory Contd.

Schematic of Apparatus

Procedure

Measure the height of fluid (H1) in tank I and (H2) in tank II. Measure the volumetric flow rate of fluid .Take three different readings by either keeping the volume constant or time constant. Decrease the flow rate and wait till the fluid level stabilizes in tank II. Record the volumetric flow rate and add dye to observe the flow pattern. Gradually decrease the flow rate. Record three readings in the turbulent, three in the transient and three in the laminar regions. Now gradually increase the flow rate and record the same no. of readings in the different regions.

For each reading collect the following data:

 Height of water in tank 1  Height of water in tank 2  Volume of water collected  Time taken to collect water sample

Data to be collected

Data Analysis

Measure the volumetric flow rate Q.

Measure the difference in height of the fluid in the two tanks and calculate the pressure difference.

Evaluate velocity of the fluid, v = Q/A Calculate friction factor, fobs = ∆PgcD/2pLv2 Calculate Reynold's number, Re = pvD/µ

Check if the flow is turbulent or laminar and calculate theoritical friction factor.

If laminar flow, f = 16/Re If turbulent flow, f = 0.0014 + (0.125/Re0.32)

Marking Scheme

 Pre Viva : 10 marks (MCQs + Short answer questions)  Lab Performance : 10 marks  Report : 25 marks (15 marks + 10 marks)  Post Viva : 25 marks  Endsem : 30 marks

Thank You