EXPLICATION/EXPLICATE: act of interpreting or discovering the - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

EXPLICATION/EXPLICATE: act of interpreting or discovering the meaning of a text, usually involves close reading and special attention to figurative language. pros·o·dy/noun

• 1. The patterns of rhythm and sound

used in poetry.

• 2. The patterns of stress and

intonation in a language.

All prosody is either: Quantitative - The prosody varies throughout the lines, strophes or stanzas. Normative – All the lines, strophes or stanzas follow the same prosody

Verbal: Arrangement by word count so much depends 
 upon 
 a red wheel 
 barrow 
 glazed with rain 
 water 
 beside the white 
 chickens

Spatial: arrangement by visual pattern

Syllabic: Arrangement by syllable count (Haiku translated from Japanese) O snail Climb Mount Fuji, But slowly, slowly!

• Kobayaski Issa

Accentual: Arrangement by stresses what if a much of a which of a wind 
 gives the truth to summer’s lie; 
 bloodies with dizzying leaves the sun 
 and yanks immortal stars awry?

• e.e.cummings

Acctentual-Syllabic: Arrangement by syllable and stresses

Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day? Thou art more lovely and more temperate

Unstressed syllable: the syllable within the metric foot given little or no emphasis when spoken out loud.

• Parts of Speech which are ALWAYS unstressed:

articles (a, the, an), prefixes (ex-. in-, un-, re-, etc) and suffixes (-ing, -er, -ed, etc)

• Parts of speech which are usually unstressed:

pronouns, prepositions, conjunctions Stressed syllable: the syllable within the metric foot given heavy emphasis when spoken out loud.

• Root words are ALWAYS stressed!

Iambic Pentameter: An arrangement of poetry in to 10syllable lines (five 2syllable feet) consisting

• f primarily iambs. The most common meter used

in the English language.

• Ex. Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?

Thou art more lovely and more temperate Common feet in iambic pentameter Iamb: a lightly stressed syllable followed by a heavily stressed syllable Trochee: a heavily stressed syllable followed by a lightly stressed syllable

Occasional feet in iambic pentameter Spondee: two consecutive heavily stressed syllables Phyric: two consecutive lightly stressed syllables Uncommon feet in iambic pentameter Anapest: two lightly stressed syllables followed by a heavily stressed syllable Dactyl: one heavily stressed syllables followed by two lightly stressed syllables

Ellision: the omission of a sound or syllable to accommodate a certain number of syllables in a line of verse, the usual mark for elision is ' Ex. o’erwhelmed Scansion: The metrical analysis of verse. The usual marks for scansion are ˘ for a short or lightly stressed syllable, ̷ for a long or heavily stressed syllable, | for a foot division, and // for a caesura.

Common Meter Trimeter: a line of verse consisting of three metrical feet.

• Ex. When I |was one-|and-twenty

I heard |a wise |man say, 'Give crowns| and pounds| and guineas But not| your heart| away;

• E. Housman

Common Meter (cont.) Tetrameter: a line of verse consisting of four metrical feet.

• Ex. I wand|ered, lone|ly as| a cloud

That floats| on high| o’er dales| and hills When, all| at once, | I saw| a crowd A host |of gold|en daff|odils.

• Wordsworth

Common Meter (cont.) Pentameter: a line of verse consisting of five metrical feet.

• Ex. Where are |the songs |of Spring? |Ay, where| are they?

Think not |of them, |thou hast |thy mus|ic too,

• John Keats

Common Meter (cont.) Hexameter: a line of verse consisting of six metrical feet.

• Ex. The moon| rains out| her beams, | and Heav|en is |overflow’d.
• Percy Shelley

Naming Meter: Meter is named according to its primary foot and foot

• count. The above meter is all iambic, so it would be

named iambic trimeter, iambic tetrameter, iambic pentameter and iambic hexameter. Below are a couple examples of the same meters with different primary feet:

Dactylic Hexameter (Heroic verse) ́ ̆ ̆ ́ ̆ ̆ ́ ̆ ̆ ́ ̆ ̆ ́ ̆ ̆ ́ ̆

• Ex. This is the| forest pri|meval. The| murmuring |pines and the| hemlocks,
• Wadsworth

Anapestic Trimeter

̆ ̆ ́ ̆ ̆ ́ ̆ ̆ ́

• Ex. I am lord |of the fowl |and the brute.

Practice 1: He moves in darkness as it seems to me, Not of woods only and the shade of trees.

Practice 2: It melted, and I let it fall and break. But I was well Upon my way to sleep before it fell, And I could tell

Practice 3: I ’M nobody! Who are you? Are you nobody, too? Then there ’s a pair of us—don’t tell! They ’d banish us, you know