Experiences of International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) on Reducing On-Farm Food Los Kerstin Hell, IITA-Benin; k.hell@cgiar.org A member of CGIAR consortium www.iita.org
A member of CGIAR consortium www.iita.org
Background • Mandate crops of IITA – Plantain – Maize – Cowpea – Soyabean – Yam – Cassava soyabean A member of CGIAR consortium www.iita.org
Status Quo • Pre-harvest losses - before harvesting begins - insects, weeds and pests. • Harvest losses - beginning and completion of harvesting - losses due to shattering. • Important in many developing countries are on- farm losses during storage for consumption or while awaiting selling opportunity or a rise in prices. • Post-harvest losses - harvest and the moment of consumption - include on-farm losses i.e. threshing, winnowing and drying; losses along the chain during transportation, storage and processing. A member of CGIAR consortium www.iita.org
Challenges maize A member of CGIAR consortium www.iita.org
Striga success A member of CGIAR consortium www.iita.org
Challenges to maize A member of CGIAR consortium www.iita.org
A member of CGIAR consortium www.iita.org
A member of CGIAR consortium www.iita.org
Mycotoxin management A member of CGIAR consortium www.iita.org
Maize achievements – 1. Socioeconomics and policies for maize futures – 2. Sustainable intensification & income opportunities for poor in maize systems – 3. Closing the maize yield gap: Towards smallholder precision agriculture – 4. Stress tolerant maize for enhanced food security and poverty alleviation (especially drought) – 5. Towards doubling maize production in developing world – 6. Improving food safety and reducing post harvest losses in maize – 7. Nutritional enrichment of maize – 8 . Opening the “black box” of maize genetic diversity – 9. Novel tools and methods for improving genetic A member of CGIAR consortium www.iita.org
Cassava constraints A member of CGIAR consortium www.iita.org
Cassava pest/diseases A member of CGIAR consortium www.iita.org
A member of CGIAR consortium www.iita.org
Cassava achievements A member of CGIAR consortium www.iita.org
Plantain constraints A member of CGIAR consortium www.iita.org
Constraints and opportunities A member of CGIAR consortium www.iita.org
Plantain achievements A member of CGIAR consortium www.iita.org
A member of CGIAR consortium www.iita.org
Yam constraints A member of CGIAR consortium www.iita.org
Pests of Yam A member of CGIAR consortium www.iita.org
Diseases in Yam A member of CGIAR consortium www.iita.org
Cowpea constraints A member of CGIAR consortium www.iita.org
Cowpea achievement A member of CGIAR consortium www.iita.org
Cowpea achievement A member of CGIAR consortium www.iita.org
‚IPM Model‘ for maruca vitrata A member of CGIAR consortium www.iita.org
Control bean flower thrips Host plant resistance in available germplasm Improved biological control: on wild host : Ceranisus femoratus on cowpea : Amblyseius swirskii Biopesticides: Entomopathogens Botanical extracts A member of CGIAR consortium www.iita.org
Soyabean achievements A member of CGIAR consortium www.iita.org
Rust resistant lines A member of CGIAR consortium www.iita.org
What is missing • Very little research on weed control eg. Imperata etc. (except Striga) • Too much emphasis on resistant/higher yielding varieties as the universal solution • Too much emphasis on field to improve crop systems (harvest/post-harvest/market left out) • Impact of climate change on biotic factors little consideration • Land-use changes and/or intensification less studied (eg. ecological factors) • Little reseach on positive or negative effects of mechanization, modern equipment or use of herbicides/pesticides A member of CGIAR consortium www.iita.org
Albert Bell, GTZ Thank you Juma Mfaume ARI Naliendele, Mtwara, TZ JJ Bakari, TEMNAR Ltd. Masasi, TZ A member of CGIAR consortium www.iita.org
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