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Experiences of International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) on Reducing On-Farm Food Los
Kerstin Hell, IITA-Benin; k.hell@cgiar.org
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Experiences of International Institute of Tropical Agriculture - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Experiences of International Institute of Tropical Agriculture - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Experiences of International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) on Reducing On-Farm Food Los Kerstin Hell, IITA-Benin; k.hell@cgiar.org A member of CGIAR consortium www.iita.org A member of CGIAR consortium www.iita.org Background
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- Mandate crops of IITA
– Plantain – Maize – Cowpea – Soyabean – Yam – Cassava
Background
soyabean
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Status Quo
- Pre-harvest losses - before harvesting begins -
insects, weeds and pests.
- Harvest losses - beginning and completion of
harvesting - losses due to shattering.
- Important in many developing countries are on-
farm losses during storage for consumption or while awaiting selling opportunity or a rise in prices.
- Post-harvest losses - harvest and the moment of
consumption - include on-farm losses i.e. threshing, winnowing and drying; losses along the chain during transportation, storage and processing.
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Challenges maize
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Striga success
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Challenges to maize
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Mycotoxin management
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– 1. Socioeconomics and policies for maize futures – 2. Sustainable intensification & income opportunities for poor in maize systems – 3. Closing the maize yield gap: Towards smallholder precision agriculture – 4. Stress tolerant maize for enhanced food security and poverty alleviation (especially drought) – 5. Towards doubling maize production in developing world – 6. Improving food safety and reducing post harvest losses in maize – 7. Nutritional enrichment of maize – 8. Opening the “black box” of maize genetic diversity – 9. Novel tools and methods for improving genetic
Maize achievements
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Cassava constraints
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Cassava pest/diseases
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Cassava achievements
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Plantain constraints
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Constraints and opportunities
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Plantain achievements
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Yam constraints
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Pests of Yam
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Diseases in Yam
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Cowpea constraints
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Cowpea achievement
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Cowpea achievement
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‚IPM Model‘ for maruca vitrata
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Control bean flower thrips
Host plant resistance in available germplasm Improved biological control:
- n wild host: Ceranisus
femoratus
- n cowpea: Amblyseius
swirskii Biopesticides: Entomopathogens Botanical extracts
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Soyabean achievements
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Rust resistant lines
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What is missing
- Very little research on weed control eg. Imperata etc.
(except Striga)
- Too much emphasis on resistant/higher yielding varieties
as the universal solution
- Too much emphasis on field to improve crop systems
(harvest/post-harvest/market left out)
- Impact of climate change on biotic factors little
consideration
- Land-use changes and/or intensification less studied (eg.
ecological factors)
- Little reseach on positive or negative effects of
mechanization, modern equipment or use of herbicides/pesticides
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Thank you
JJ Bakari, TEMNAR Ltd. Masasi, TZ Juma Mfaume ARI Naliendele, Mtwara, TZ Albert Bell, GTZ