ENVIRONMENT AGENCY ABU DHABI Towards Sustainable Management and - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

▶
environment agency abu dhabi
SMART_READER_LITE
LIVE PREVIEW

ENVIRONMENT AGENCY ABU DHABI Towards Sustainable Management and - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Oct 16, 2022 214 likes •557 views

Best Practices and its impact to Water Resources Sustainability 25th -26th January 2016, Ibri, Governorate of Al Dhahirah, Sultanate of Oman ENVIRONMENT AGENCY ABU DHABI Towards Sustainable Management and Reuse of Treated Wastewater in Arid

slide-1
SLIDE 1

ENVIRONMENT AGENCY – ABU DHABI

Towards Sustainable Management and Reuse

  • f Treated Wastewater in Arid Regions: UAE Case Study
  • Dr. Mohamed A. Dawoud

Water Resources Advisor, EAD

Best Practices and its impact to Water Resources Sustainability 25th -26th January 2016, Ibri, Governorate of Al Dhahirah, Sultanate of Oman

slide-2
SLIDE 2

PAGE 2 ENVIRONMENT AGENCY – ABU DHABI

Water Use History

slide-3
SLIDE 3

PAGE 3 ENVIRONMENT AGENCY – ABU DHABI

UAE Economic Development

slide-4
SLIDE 4

PAGE 4 ENVIRONMENT AGENCY – ABU DHABI

Scarce Water Resources

2.4 1.85 0.65

Groundwater Desalination Treated Wastwater

slide-5
SLIDE 5

PAGE 5 ENVIRONMENT AGENCY – ABU DHABI

Present Water Use

40% 32% 15% 13% Agriculture Domestic Forests Amenity and Landscapping

slide-6
SLIDE 6

PAGE 6 ENVIRONMENT AGENCY – ABU DHABI

Future Increase in Water Demand Assessment of Available Water Resources and Demand

Policy and Strategy New Innovative Technology Legal and institutional Frame Work

Integrated Water Resources Management

Education and Awareness

slide-7
SLIDE 7

PAGE 7 ENVIRONMENT AGENCY – ABU DHABI

Discharging TSE to Environment is not Sustainable

slide-8
SLIDE 8

PAGE 8 ENVIRONMENT AGENCY – ABU DHABI

Agricultural Reuse is just one out of many options

  • Agricultural Reuse
  • Urban Reuse: green areas, parks, golf courses, etc.
  • Recreational Reuse: lakes for swimming, boating, fishing, snow-making, etc.
  • Environmental Enhancement: creation / enhancement of wetlands, stream flow
  • Groundwater Recharge: potable water, salt water intrusion & subsidence control
  • Industrial Reuse: process water, cooling water, etc.
  • Residential Reuse: toilet, laundry, air-conditioning, etc.
  • Potable Reuse: direct or after blending with other sources

Paddy field irrigation Osaka Castle (Japan)

Groundwater recharge (Los Angeles, USA)

slide-9
SLIDE 9

PAGE 9 ENVIRONMENT AGENCY – ABU DHABI

Two examples out of many: Water reuse is on the rise

(1) California, USA (2) Abu Dhabi, USA

4% 5% 8.50% 0% 1% 2% 3% 4% 5% 6% 7% 8% 9% 2010 1012 2014

Share of Wastewater Reuse in AD (%)

slide-10
SLIDE 10

PAGE 10 ENVIRONMENT AGENCY – ABU DHABI

Advantages

  • Reliable source of supply: little dependence on weather conditions.
  • Reduced stress on ‘traditional’ water supply: reduced demand for

investments into expansion of existing water supply schemes, since part

  • f ‘traditional’ water sources is replaced by reused sources.
  • Availability near to agricultural application, i.e. mostly outside cities.
  • High content of nutrients (N, P) permits to reduce application of

synthetic fertilizers, thereby reducing cost.

  • Benefits for rural population.
  • Long experience exists in many countries at different levels of

development.

  • Attractiveness of investment (private & public) in the wastewater sector

increases as a whole, if there is a market for water reuse.

  • ‘WHO Guidelines for the safe use of wastewater, excreta and greywater.

Vol.2: Wastewater use in agriculture’ (2006) permit for a flexible approach towards treatment standards.

slide-11
SLIDE 11

PAGE 11 ENVIRONMENT AGENCY – ABU DHABI

Necessary considerations

  • Social acceptance?
  • Co-operation of different sectors is sometimes difficult.
  • Requirement for treatment and agricultural expertise, to analyse

specific requirements and adjust to flexible treatment standards.

  • Risk to human health?
  • Pathogens: bacteria, viruses, Helminths
  • Risk to environment?
  • Heavy metals
  • Organics (endocrine disrupters, antibiotics, halogenated compounds)
  • Salinity
slide-12
SLIDE 12

PAGE 12 ENVIRONMENT AGENCY – ABU DHABI

Public Health Considerations

  • Physical water quality considerations
  • Turbidity, color, etc.
  • Chemical water quality considerations
  • Chemical constituents including solids, metals, nitrogen,

phosphorus, etc.

  • Biological water quality considerations
  • Pathogens including bacteria, helminths, virus, etc.
  • Emerging water quality considerations
  • Pharmaceuticals, hormonal products, personal care products, other

EDC’s.

slide-13
SLIDE 13

PAGE 13 ENVIRONMENT AGENCY – ABU DHABI

Abu Dhabi Case Study: Present, Future and Challenges

slide-14
SLIDE 14

PAGE 14 ENVIRONMENT AGENCY – ABU DHABI

Return To Sewer Theory (2013)

  • utdoor

indoor

Wastewater Water

  • 2013 average drinking water use– Emirate wide

Estimated RTS is ~ 25%

285 m M3 915 m M3

1200 m M3

slide-15
SLIDE 15

PAGE 15 ENVIRONMENT AGENCY – ABU DHABI

Existing Situation (2014) 3 water sources 7 main water uses

66% 28% 6% Recycled Water Desalinated Water Ground Water 6% 2% 5% 5% 24% 12% 52% Agriculture People Livestock Amenity Forestry Lost Industry 3100 Million m³/year

slide-16
SLIDE 16

PAGE 16 ENVIRONMENT AGENCY – ABU DHABI

Present Wastewater Production in Abu Dhabi Emirate

Al Wathba 1 = 300,000 m3/day Al Wathba 2 = 300,000 m3/day

Al Hama = 120,000 m3/day

Al Mafraq = 260,000 m3/day

Al Saad = 80,000 m3/day

Total Daily Production = 1,117,437 m3

slide-17
SLIDE 17

PAGE 17 ENVIRONMENT AGENCY – ABU DHABI

Present Wastewater Reuse in Abu Dhabi Emirate

54% 46%

Reused Discharge to Env.

284 154 130 50 100 150 200 250 300 Production Reused Discharge to Env.

slide-18
SLIDE 18

PAGE 18 ENVIRONMENT AGENCY – ABU DHABI

Future Wastewater Production in Abu Dhabi (2013-2030)

284 1,435

200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030

slide-19
SLIDE 19

PAGE 19 ENVIRONMENT AGENCY – ABU DHABI

Drivers for Wastewater Reuse in Abu Dhabi

  • Scarcity of available Water Resources
  • Dependency on Desalinated water.
  • Desalination is very costly industry
  • Environmental impacts of desalination
slide-20
SLIDE 20

PAGE 20 ENVIRONMENT AGENCY – ABU DHABI

Future Wastewater Possible Use

20

OLIVES ORANGES PEACHES

TUNISIA: REUSE OF RECYCLED WATER Agriculture In Abu Dhabi

  • Roodhs Grass
  • Maize
  • Fodders
slide-21
SLIDE 21

PAGE 21 ENVIRONMENT AGENCY – ABU DHABI

Future Wastewater Possible Use

21

Parks, Gardens and Amenity Plantations

slide-22
SLIDE 22

PAGE 22 ENVIRONMENT AGENCY – ABU DHABI

Future Wastewater Possible Use

22

Aquifer Recharge

Soil treatment for the wastewater

Very limited experience

Seawater Intrusion

Feasibility (direct use versus recharge)

slide-23
SLIDE 23

PAGE 23 ENVIRONMENT AGENCY – ABU DHABI

Future Wastewater Possible Use

23

Forests

23.0 2.2 55.8 11.6 7.5

Domestic Industry Agriculture Forestry Amenity

slide-24
SLIDE 24

PAGE 24 ENVIRONMENT AGENCY – ABU DHABI

Challenges Facing Wastewater Reuse

  • 1. Limitation of Distribution Networks

Forestry

Treatment Disposal Reuse Collection

Wastewater Treatment System Urban irrigation

Production

Biosolids

Composting District Cooling Domestic Landfill Discharge to environment Sewerage System Disposal System

Recycled Water

Scope of Bureau’s Recycled Water & Biosolids Regulations

Agriculture

Ocean Desert

slide-25
SLIDE 25

PAGE 25 ENVIRONMENT AGENCY – ABU DHABI

Challenges Facing Wastewater Reuse

  • 2. Gaps in Regulation and Distribution Responsibilities

Treatment Licensee Disposal Licensee End Users Collection Licensee

Reclaimed Water Biosolids

Agriculture

  • r

Urban open space District cooling Domestic use Trade Premises Domestic Connections

Collection System Disposal System Treatment System

Reclaimed Water Biosolids

Sewerage Services Licensee

slide-26
SLIDE 26

PAGE 26 ENVIRONMENT AGENCY – ABU DHABI

Challenges Facing Wastewater Reuse

  • 3. Institutional and Legal Challenges
  • Environment protection not a major concern
  • Unclear policies on wastewater reuse
  • Institutional conflicts; unclear mandates or

responsibilities fragmentations

  • Social acceptance, reluctance (lack of

awareness)

  • Absence of reuse guidelines/standards
slide-27
SLIDE 27

PAGE 27 ENVIRONMENT AGENCY – ABU DHABI

Challenges Facing Wastewater Reuse

  • 3. Environmental Challenges
  • Public health risks when irrigating with

inadequately treated WW (e.g. gastro-intestinal infections, heavy metals, trace pollutants)

  • Environmental risks (mainly soil clogging, soil

salinization, excess of nitrogen, GW & SW contamination)

  • Inefficient monitoring of WW reuse system: lack
  • f trained personnel; lack of monitoring

equipment; too high monitoring costs

  • Impact of wastewater discharge on marine

ecosystem

slide-28
SLIDE 28

PAGE 28 ENVIRONMENT AGENCY – ABU DHABI

Challenges Facing Wastewater Reuse

  • 3. Economic and Technical challenges
  • Insufficient economic analysis for wastewater reuse
  • Relatively high cost of wastewater treatment and

conveyance, coupled with pricing of irrigation water that does not adequately reflect its scarcity value

  • Difficulty in creating financial incentives for safe and

efficient water reuse (wastewater versus free desalinated water).

slide-29
SLIDE 29

PAGE 29 ENVIRONMENT AGENCY – ABU DHABI

Abu Dhabi Experience (Past and Present)

  • 20 years of reusing TSE in Amenity, green areas and landscaping
  • New advanced treatment plant for agriculture use (December 2012)
  • Saving 6 MIGD of Groundwater
  • Saving O$M Cost
slide-30
SLIDE 30

PAGE 30 ENVIRONMENT AGENCY – ABU DHABI

Wastewater Design Criteria

  • Water quality requirements
  • Monitoring requirements
  • Treatment process requirements
  • Treatment reliability requirements
  • Operational requirements
  • Cross-connection control provisions
  • Use area controls
slide-31
SLIDE 31

PAGE 31 ENVIRONMENT AGENCY – ABU DHABI

Selection of Irrigation Method

Other factors that should be carefully considered for the irrigation with treated wastewater (in addition to normal conditions factors) Under normal conditions, the following factors should be considred during the selction of any irrigation method: · Water supply conditions · Climate Conditions · Soil Characteristics · Cost of Irrigation Method · Type of Crops · System operation and management · Wastewater Quality · Health Risk (Farm Workers) · Protection of Soil and Groundwater · Salinity and Toxicity Hazards · O&M cost · Water application

slide-32
SLIDE 32

PAGE 32 ENVIRONMENT AGENCY – ABU DHABI

  • Environmental sustainability –reduction of emission
  • f pollutants and their discharge into receiving water

bodies, and the improvement of the quantitative and qualitative status of those water bodies (surface-water, groundwater and coastal waters) and the soils.

  • Economic efficiency –alleviating scarcity by

promoting water efficiency, improving conservation, reducing wastage and balancing long term water demand and water supply.

  • Contribution to food security –growing more food

and reducing the need for chemical fertilizers through treated wastewater reuse. Conclusions and Recommendations

slide-33
SLIDE 33

PAGE 33 ENVIRONMENT AGENCY – ABU DHABI

Thanks