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Elliptic curves Bjorn Poonen MIT Arnold Ross Lecture May 31, 2019 - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Elliptic curves Bjorn Poonen MIT Arnold Ross Lecture May 31, 2019 Plane curves Degree 1 (lines) 3 x + 7 y + 6 = 0 Degree 2 (conics) 2 x 2 + 9 xy + 3 y 2 3 x + 7 y + 6 = 0 Degree 3 (cubic curves) 4 x 3 + 5 x 2 y + xy 2 + 8 y 3 2 x 2 + 9 xy


  1. Elliptic curves Bjorn Poonen MIT Arnold Ross Lecture May 31, 2019

  2. Plane curves Degree 1 (lines) 3 x + 7 y + 6 = 0 Degree 2 (conics) 2 x 2 + 9 xy + 3 y 2 3 x + 7 y + 6 = 0 Degree 3 (cubic curves) 4 x 3 + 5 x 2 y + xy 2 + 8 y 3 2 x 2 + 9 xy + 3 y 2 3 x + 7 y + 6 = 0 Elliptic curves are special cubic curves.

  3. Rational points on the unit circle Definition A rational point on a curve is a point whose coordinates are rational numbers (elements of Q ). Example (The unit circle x 2 + y 2 = 1)

  4. Rational points on the unit circle Definition A rational point on a curve is a point whose coordinates are rational numbers (elements of Q ). Example (The unit circle x 2 + y 2 = 1) � 3 5 , 4 � 5

  5. Rational points on the unit circle Definition A rational point on a curve is a point whose coordinates are rational numbers (elements of Q ). Example (The unit circle x 2 + y 2 = 1) � � − 12 13 , 5 13

  6. Rational points on the unit circle Definition A rational point on a curve is a point whose coordinates are rational numbers (elements of Q ). Example (The unit circle x 2 + y 2 = 1) (0 , − 1)

  7. Rational points on the unit circle Definition A rational point on a curve is a point whose coordinates are rational numbers (elements of Q ). Example (The unit circle x 2 + y 2 = 1) � 4 5 , − 3 � 5

  8. Rational points on the unit circle Definition A rational point on a curve is a point whose coordinates are rational numbers (elements of Q ). Example (The unit circle x 2 + y 2 = 1)

  9. Rational points on the unit circle Definition A rational point on a curve is a point whose coordinates are rational numbers (elements of Q ). Example (The unit circle x 2 + y 2 = 1)

  10. Rational points on the unit circle Definition A rational point on a curve is a point whose coordinates are rational numbers (elements of Q ). Example (The unit circle x 2 + y 2 = 1)

  11. Rational points on the unit circle Definition A rational point on a curve is a point whose coordinates are rational numbers (elements of Q ). Example (The unit circle x 2 + y 2 = 1)

  12. Rational points on the unit circle Definition A rational point on a curve is a point whose coordinates are rational numbers (elements of Q ). Example (The unit circle x 2 + y 2 = 1)

  13. Rational points on the unit circle Definition A rational point on a curve is a point whose coordinates are rational numbers (elements of Q ). Example (The unit circle x 2 + y 2 = 1)

  14. Rational points on the unit circle Definition A rational point on a curve is a point whose coordinates are rational numbers (elements of Q ). Example (The unit circle x 2 + y 2 = 1)

  15. Rational points on the unit circle Definition A rational point on a curve is a point whose coordinates are rational numbers (elements of Q ). Example (The unit circle x 2 + y 2 = 1)

  16. Rational points on the unit circle Definition A rational point on a curve is a point whose coordinates are rational numbers (elements of Q ). Example (The unit circle x 2 + y 2 = 1)

  17. Rational points on the unit circle Definition A rational point on a curve is a point whose coordinates are rational numbers (elements of Q ). Example (The unit circle x 2 + y 2 = 1)

  18. Rational points on the unit circle Definition A rational point on a curve is a point whose coordinates are rational numbers (elements of Q ). Example (The unit circle x 2 + y 2 = 1)

  19. Rational points on the unit circle Definition A rational point on a curve is a point whose coordinates are rational numbers (elements of Q ). Example (The unit circle x 2 + y 2 = 1)

  20. Rational points on the unit circle Definition A rational point on a curve is a point whose coordinates are rational numbers (elements of Q ). Example (The unit circle x 2 + y 2 = 1)

  21. Rational points on the unit circle Definition A rational point on a curve is a point whose coordinates are rational numbers (elements of Q ). Example (The unit circle x 2 + y 2 = 1)

  22. Rational points on the unit circle Definition A rational point on a curve is a point whose coordinates are rational numbers (elements of Q ). Example (The unit circle x 2 + y 2 = 1)

  23. Rational points on the unit circle Definition A rational point on a curve is a point whose coordinates are rational numbers (elements of Q ). Example (The unit circle x 2 + y 2 = 1)

  24. Rational points on the unit circle Definition A rational point on a curve is a point whose coordinates are rational numbers (elements of Q ). Example (The unit circle x 2 + y 2 = 1)

  25. Rational points on the unit circle Definition A rational point on a curve is a point whose coordinates are rational numbers (elements of Q ). Example (The unit circle x 2 + y 2 = 1)

  26. Rational points on the unit circle Definition A rational point on a curve is a point whose coordinates are rational numbers (elements of Q ). Example (The unit circle x 2 + y 2 = 1)

  27. Rational points on the unit circle Definition A rational point on a curve is a point whose coordinates are rational numbers (elements of Q ). Example (The unit circle x 2 + y 2 = 1)

  28. Rational points on the unit circle Definition A rational point on a curve is a point whose coordinates are rational numbers (elements of Q ). Example (The unit circle x 2 + y 2 = 1)

  29. Rational points on the unit circle Definition A rational point on a curve is a point whose coordinates are rational numbers (elements of Q ). Example (The unit circle x 2 + y 2 = 1)

  30. Rational points on the unit circle Definition A rational point on a curve is a point whose coordinates are rational numbers (elements of Q ). Example (The unit circle x 2 + y 2 = 1)

  31. Rational points on the unit circle Definition A rational point on a curve is a point whose coordinates are rational numbers (elements of Q ). Example (The unit circle x 2 + y 2 = 1)

  32. Rational points on the unit circle Definition A rational point on a curve is a point whose coordinates are rational numbers (elements of Q ). Example (The unit circle x 2 + y 2 = 1)

  33. Rational points on the unit circle Definition A rational point on a curve is a point whose coordinates are rational numbers (elements of Q ). Example (The unit circle x 2 + y 2 = 1)

  34. Rational points on the unit circle Definition A rational point on a curve is a point whose coordinates are rational numbers (elements of Q ). Example (The unit circle x 2 + y 2 = 1)

  35. Rational points on the unit circle Definition A rational point on a curve is a point whose coordinates are rational numbers (elements of Q ). Example (The unit circle x 2 + y 2 = 1)

  36. Rational points on the unit circle Definition A rational point on a curve is a point whose coordinates are rational numbers (elements of Q ). Example (The unit circle x 2 + y 2 = 1)

  37. Rational points on the unit circle Definition A rational point on a curve is a point whose coordinates are rational numbers (elements of Q ). Example (The unit circle x 2 + y 2 = 1)

  38. Rational points on the unit circle Definition A rational point on a curve is a point whose coordinates are rational numbers (elements of Q ). Example (The unit circle x 2 + y 2 = 1)

  39. Rational points on the unit circle Definition A rational point on a curve is a point whose coordinates are rational numbers (elements of Q ). Example (The unit circle x 2 + y 2 = 1)

  40. Rational points on the unit circle Definition A rational point on a curve is a point whose coordinates are rational numbers (elements of Q ). Example (The unit circle x 2 + y 2 = 1)

  41. Rational points on the unit circle Definition A rational point on a curve is a point whose coordinates are rational numbers (elements of Q ). Example (The unit circle x 2 + y 2 = 1)

  42. Rational points on the unit circle Definition A rational point on a curve is a point whose coordinates are rational numbers (elements of Q ). Example (The unit circle x 2 + y 2 = 1)

  43. Rational points on the unit circle Definition A rational point on a curve is a point whose coordinates are rational numbers (elements of Q ). Example (The unit circle x 2 + y 2 = 1)

  44. Rational points on the unit circle Definition A rational point on a curve is a point whose coordinates are rational numbers (elements of Q ). Example (The unit circle x 2 + y 2 = 1)

  45. Rational points on the unit circle Definition A rational point on a curve is a point whose coordinates are rational numbers (elements of Q ). Example (The unit circle x 2 + y 2 = 1)

  46. Rational points on the unit circle Definition A rational point on a curve is a point whose coordinates are rational numbers (elements of Q ). Example (The unit circle x 2 + y 2 = 1)

  47. Rational points on the unit circle Definition A rational point on a curve is a point whose coordinates are rational numbers (elements of Q ). Example (The unit circle x 2 + y 2 = 1)

  48. Rational points on the unit circle Definition A rational point on a curve is a point whose coordinates are rational numbers (elements of Q ). Example (The unit circle x 2 + y 2 = 1)

  49. Rational points on the unit circle Definition A rational point on a curve is a point whose coordinates are rational numbers (elements of Q ). Example (The unit circle x 2 + y 2 = 1)

  50. Rational points on the unit circle Definition A rational point on a curve is a point whose coordinates are rational numbers (elements of Q ). Example (The unit circle x 2 + y 2 = 1)

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