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EFFECTS OF ASSORTATIVE MATING
MATT ERICKSON | SOC 760 | 11/5/18
EFFECTS OF ASSORTATIVE MATING MATT ERICKSON | SOC 760 | 11/5/18 - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
EFFECTS OF ASSORTATIVE MATING MATT ERICKSON | SOC 760 | 11/5/18 - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
EFFECTS OF ASSORTATIVE MATING MATT ERICKSON | SOC 760 | 11/5/18 DEFINITIONS -gamy words: Homogamy (same status) Hypogamy (woman has higher status) Hypergamy (man has higher status) !"#$%& $'()#* Equivalized income:
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BREEN & SALAZAR 2011
¡ Assortative mating: It increases inequality, right? ¡ Looking at change in household equivalized
income inequality between 1970s and 2000s
¡ Decomposing the change into three
ingredients:
¡ Inequality within educational household groups ¡ Mean earnings of educational household groups ¡ Group composition (this one measures effects of
assortative mating)
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BREEN & SALAZAR 2011
¡ Turns out: Increased inequality was not the
result of assortative mating
¡
Actually, assortative mating reduced the growth in inequality ¡ Assortative mating by education does not
mean correlation between partners’ earnings
¡ Effects of assortative mating are complex
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BREEN & SALAZAR 2011 – LIMITATIONS?
¡ Dropped top 4 percent of earnings distribution ¡ Educational categories:
¡ Less than grade 10 ¡ Grades 10-11 ¡ Grade 12 ¡ 1 to 3 years college ¡ 4+ years college
¡ Any issues here?
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KIM & SAKAMOTO 2017
¡ Who benefits from women’s rising educational attainment and earnings power? ¡ ”Rise of women” vs. declining returns from marriage market ¡ Standard of living measured by equivalized income ¡ Three 35- to 44-year-old cohorts: 1990, 2000, 2009-2011
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KIM & SAKAMOTO 2017
¡ Men benefit from women’s advancement? ¡ Women’s labor market returns have gone up, but marriage market returns have gone
down
¡ Women used to marry up; now they marry down ¡ Women paying the price for men’s declining earning power ¡ Question: Does this change how we should interpret Breen & Salazar’s findings?
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SCHWARTZ & HAN 2014
¡ What about other effects of assortative mating? ¡ Women with an education advantage over their husbands (hypogamy) more likely to divorce? ¡ “Institutional change” perspective
¡
Shift in expectations: Male breadwinner to egalitarian relationship ¡ “Stalled revolution” perspective
¡
Advances in gender inequality have slowed or stopped since the 1990s ¡ Examining changes from 1950 to 2004
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SCHWARTZ & HAN 2014
¡ Hypogamous couples no longer more likely to divorce ¡ Homogamous couples have grown more stable, too ¡ Educated women were once at higher risk for divorce; no more ¡ Can we declare victory for the “institutional change” perspective? ¡ How might these trends affect inequality?
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