Eco-Industrial Estate/Park By Asst. Prof. Dr. Kitikorn Charmondusit - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

By

• Asst. Prof. Dr. Kitikorn Charmondusit

September 7, 2010 Eco-Industry Research and Training Center Faculty of Environment and Resource Studies Mahidol University

Eco-Industrial Estate/Park

The World in One Second

• Population is increasing by 2.4 persons
• 4.2 TVs are manufactured
• 21.1 mobile phones are manufactured
• 38 tonnes of solid waste is generated
• 390,000 m3 of CO2 is being emitted.
• Glaciers in Greenland melt by 1,620 m3
• 0.002 species or one species every 7 minutes

becomes extinct

• USD 6,500 in insurance money is being paid for

damage caused by natural disasters

• 6.9 tons of meat, consisting of 3 cows, 7 pigs, and

1,100 chickens are consumed

Source: UNEP

USA: Stuff: 6,000

Source: Svenningsen, UNEP

Japan: Stuff: 9,000

Source: Svenningsen, UNEP

Thailand

Source: Svenningsen, UNEP

India

Source: Svenningsen, UNEP

Natural Resource Consumption

Pollution/ Emission

Equity

system Input Output

Sustainable Development (SD) “Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their

• wn needs.”

(Brundtland Commission, 1987).

Sustainable Development

System

Rate of NR Established > Rate of Consumption Rate of Env. Absorption > Rate of Emission

Economic aspects Social aspects Ecological aspects Socio-economic Socio-ecologic Eco-efficiency

Triple Bottom Lines for SD

Quality of Life Environmental Burden Economic Growth

Present

• PPT. from Supply Chain in Agri-Food Sector, T.Ozawa, 2007

Future

Sustainable Development

Natural Resource Investment Environmental Impacts Pollutions/Emissions Community/Society Economic Business Employee Customer

I nteraction of I ndustry

Firm

Product Life Cycle

Firm

Product Life Cycle

Households

Economic System Industrial System Product Life Cycle

Government

Other Natural Systems Other Natural Systems

Input Ecological System

Water Cycle Carbon Cycle

Source: Christensen

Human Consumption Pattern & Life Cycle Thinking

Life Cycle Thinking

EXPORT NR Limitation Equity??? Pollution/Emission Equity??? Land use Agriculture>>>Industry??? Product/Consume Standard??? Disposal How/Community???

“…the traditional model of industrial activity – in which individual manufacturing processes take in raw materials and generate products to be sold plus waste to be disposed of – should be transformed into a more integrated model: an industrial ecosystem.”

Idea of Industrial Ecosystem

Frosch & Gallopolous of GM 1989

Source: Allenby

Source: Roberts, 2004

Concept of Industrial Ecology

Reference figure: van Berkel, R. 2006. Cleaner Production and Eco-Efficiency. in D. Marinova (ed) Handbook on Environmental Technology Management. Edward Elgar Publications, Cheltenham, UK.

Micro Level Cleaner Production & P2

Waste Treatment Waste Treatment Discharge Zero Discharge Raw Mat’l Product Raw Mat’l & Product Management

Present I ndustrial Park

Manufacture Wastes Social I mage

Eco-I ndustrial Park

Manufacture Wastes Social I mage

Recycle/ Reuse Zero

 Macro Level: EIP

Kwiho Lee, Korea NCPC

Roundput:

• utilisation of waste material,

renewables and waste energy in cooperration

A B D C

J.Korhonen / Journal of Cleaner Production 12 (2004) 809-823

Environmental win:

• reducing the virgin

material and energy input (substituted with wastes) Economic win:

• reducing raw material and

energy costs

• reducing costs from

environmental legislation

• image and green markets

potential Social win:

• new employment opportunities through local utilization and

management of the material and energy flows

• increased cooperation and participation

Environmental win:

• reducing waste and emission
• utput (waste is used as a

resource) Economic win:

• reducing waste management

costs

• reducing costs from

environmental legislation

• image and green markets

potential

Productivity/ Development

Industrial

Community / Society

National/ Regional

Environment

Distribution access to NR Income & Job Longlivety Cultural properties Education NR intensity of production

Asia-Pacific EIP Expert Network

ISIE Ne ws

Source: http://www.is4ie.org

Source: P.C. Chiang , 2010 EIP workshop, Taiwan

Source: P.C.Chiang, 2010 EIP workshop, Taiwan

Strategies on Establishment of an Environmental Science Technology Park of Taiwan

• Manage the waste reduction and reuse technologies to gradually

achieve the goals of total recovery, and zero waste.

• Build recycling-based eco-cities and eco-villages, raise resource

recycling ratios, reduce water and energy consumptions, and pursue economic and environmental benefits.

• Promote

the development

• f

research and innovation in environmental technology, and unify the management

• f

industrial development and administration.

• Establish

environmental performance indicators, including, energy and resource recycling rates, the proportion

• f

environment-friendly products manufactured, the pollution reduction rate, and the carbon dioxide reduction rate.

Source: P.C.Chiang, 2010 EIP workshop, Taiwan

The Taiwan Experience

• Industrial Development Bureau, MOEA has initially

taken three steps to develop the green supply chain.

• Step1:To determine the supply/demand of material

and energy in the industrial park.

• Step2:To construct the Symbiotic Resource-recycling

Networks.

• Step3:To promote the supply/demand of material and

energy in the industrial park.

Ⅲ. Establishment of the Platform for EIP

Source: P.C.Chiang, 2010 EIP workshop, Taiwan

Kaohsiung Linhai Industrial Park Taiwan

CPDC CSSC

Steam Steam Gas N2 Steam

CSMC

NG Steam Steam Steam Electricity Gas N2 Plant Air COG Steam Gas N2 Steam Gas N2 H2 Tank Car …………

Linhai Industrial Park

CPC

CSCC Electricity Gas O2 Gas Argon Gas N2 Liquid O2/N2/Argon

Tang Eng Iron Under Construction or Planning Shang Chen Steel

Outside Factories

Commerical Running

Codensate BOCLH San Fu ↓

CAC

CSC

Gas O2/N2/Argon

LCYCIC

TCI

Sheng Yu Steel

Fuel Gas Condensate

Existing Status of Regional Energy Integration in Linhai Industrial Park

Huei-Huang Hsiao, CSC, Taiwan

Source: P.C.Chiang, 2009EIP workshop, Taiwan

HSIN-JUNG CHEN, EPD, Taiwan

Overall framework for Circular Economy development [Zhao, UNEP

SCP 8 Mexico]

Ecological circulation system Eco-industrial circulation system Infrastructure circulation system

Eco-industry Service industry Eco- Agriculture Water supply energy supply transportation Nature conservation Greening

• f the city

Air quality control Green buildings Waste management

Anthony SF Chiu

Definition of three types of EIPs

Sector-specific EIPs

Sector-specific EIPs are based on one or several corporations in a certain industrial branch, and intend to form symbiosis networks by integrating matter and energy from companies as many as possible, which belong to the same or different industries with the park.

Sector-integrate EIPs

Sector-integrated EIPs, composed of companies from various industrial branches, mainly refer to such rebuilt industrial parks on the basis of Economic and Technical Development Zones, High-tech Industry Development Zones and so on.

Venous Industry Based EIPs

Venous Industry Based EIPs are made of dominant business engaged in recycling resource. Source: Z. Wen, 2009 EIP workshop, Taiwan

Sector-integrated EIP Sector-specific EIP Venous Industry Based EIP Indicator Economic development (2) Economic development (1) Economic development (2) Reduction and recycling

• f material (7)

Reduction and recycling

• f material (5)

Recycling and utilization

• f resources (7)

Pollution control (8) Pollution control (8) Pollution control (5) Park management (4) Park management (5) Park management (6) number

21 19 20

Standard Determination methods for indicator threshold value: Trend extrapolation, Regression Analysis, Analogy prediction, Questionnaire survey

Indicator systems for Eco-industrial Park

Source: Z. Wen, 2009 EIP workshop, Taiwan

Indicators Threshold values Sector-integrated EIP Sector-specific EIP 1 Per capita industrial added value ≥ 150,000 yuan per employed person Not required 2 Growth rate of industrial added value ≥ 25% ≥12%

Indicators for economic development

In 2007, all 3 sector-specific EIPs attained the indicator value for economic development while 5 out of 7 sector-integrated EIPs did so. Reason for non-attainment: 1. For some industrial parks , the added values of their leading industries are relatively low to reach the standard of per capita industrial added value. 2. The threshold for growth rate of industrial added value is too high, which makes it difficult to attain for more and more Sector-integrated EIPs after quick growth for a decade.

Source: Z. Wen, 2009 EIP workshop, Taiwan

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40% 5 10 15 20 25

TEDA SND YEDA ZFIZ YZEDZ DDA PJIZ 10,000 yuan per person

Economic performance for 7sector-integrated EIP in 2007

Per capita industrial added value Growth rate of industrial added value

For TEDA (Tianjin Economic-Technological Development Area), it created the highest per capita industrial added value while its growth rate was the lowest among all seven industrial parks listed above. standard

Source: Z. Wen, 2009 EIP workshop, Taiwan

Indicators Threshold values Sector-integrated EIP Sector-specific EIP 1 Total energy consumption per unit industrial added value ≤ 0.5 tce per 10,000 yuan Reach advanced international level in the same industry 2 Fresh water consumption per unit industrial added value ≤ 9 cubic meters per 10,000 yuan 3 Generation of waste water per unit industrial added value ≤ 8 ton per 10,000 yuan 4 Reuse rate of industrial water ≥ 75% 5 Multi-utilized rate of industrial solid wastes ≥ 85% 6 Generation of solid waste per unit industrial added value ≤ 0.1 ton per 10,000 yuan Not required 7 Reuse rate of reclaimed water ≥ 40%

Indicators for material reduction and reusing

Input: energy, water. Output: waste water, solid waste Reuse: water, solid waste It fails to take land and raw material into account. Source: Z. Wen, 2009 EIP workshop, Taiwan

4 5 6 6 7 7 1

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 energy consumption water consumption waste water generation solid waste generation industrial water reuse solid waste reuse reclaimed water reuse

Performance for material reduction and reusing of 7 sector-integrated EIPs in 2007 number of parks attained the indicator value All seven EIPs can meet the standards of multi-utilization of industrial solid waste and reusing of industrial water.

Source: Z. Wen, 2009 EIP workshop, Taiwan

Indicators Threshold values Sector-integrate EIP Sector-specific EIP 1 COD emissions per unit of industrial added value ≤ 1 kg per 10,000 yuan Reach advanced international level in the same industry 2 SO2 emissions per unit of industrial added value ≤ 1 kg per 10,000 yuan 3 Disposal rate of hazardous waste 100% 100% 4 Waste (water and solid) collection system Established Established 5 Centralized Waste Treatment facility Established Established 6 Environmental management system Well functional Well functional 7 Centralized treatment rate of living sewage ≥ 70% Not required 8 Hazard-free treatment rate of household garbage 100% 9 Emissions of industrial characteristic pollutant Not required Conform to the total control standard 10 Attainment rate of industrial characteristic pollutant discharge 100%

Indicators for pollution control

Source: Z. Wen, 2009 EIP workshop, Taiwan

Indicators Threshold values Sector-integrated EIP Sector-specific EIP 1 Development degree of environmental information platform 100% 100% 2 Publication of environmental report of industrial park ≥ 1 ≥ 1 3 Public satisfaction degree of the local environment ≥ 90% ≥ 90% 4 Public acceptance degree of ecology industry ≥ 90% ≥ 90% 5 Technologic level Not required Reach the national advanced level in the same industry

Indicators for parks management

Source: Z. Wen, 2009 EIP workshop, Taiwan

EIP Indicators of Taiwan

Number Categories Benefit Field Indicators 1 Environmental Pollution reduction Air NOx emissions 2 Particles emissions 3 VOCs emissions 4 CO2 Emission Reduction 5 CO2 Emission Reduction Ratio 6 Water Wastewater discharge per unit output value increase COD discharge per unit output value increase 7 Resource recycling Water Water consumption per unit output value 8 Waste Material consumption per unit output value 9 Waste recycling rate per unit output value 10 Improvement of environmental quality Air Averaged PSI 11 Management Green building indicators 12 Environmental management system 13 Source: P.C.Chiang, 2010 EIP workshop, Taiwan

Number Categories Field Indicator 14 Economic Cost reduction Measures for promoting pollution prevention and resource recovery 15 Cost reduction due to CO2 emission reduction by waste recycling 16 Profit increase Product value per unit of recycled waste 17 Corporate image promotion Total investment for pollution control 18 Social Public participation Disclosure of information 19 Public acceptance/satisfaction of the environment quality 20 Fairness and justice Compliance with regulations and standards

EIP Indicators of Taiwan

Source: P.C.Chiang, 2010 EIP workshop, Taiwan

Backg ackgroun und of

• f E

EIE and E and E/E in n Thai hailan and

2000 2006 2008 Year Development 1st EIE in MTPIE 1st E/E in MTPIE 2nd E/E in MTPIC 2010 EIE & Eco-Town

EE EE Trend of the Industrial Se Sectors in MTPI PIE E with Respect t to Water Cons nsumpt ption

• n Using

ng Snaps pshot hot Analysis

Eco-efficiency indicators

Economic indicators

Gross margin Net sale

Environment indicators

I nput

material

Output

Waste

Social indicators

Internal Society Communication safety Water Energy CSR employment

Eco-Efficiency Application in Micro Level

Wast aste E Eco co-Ef Effici ciency ency o

• f MTPI

PIC

Knowledge Distribution

• What we need to do in near future
• EIE could be the final answer ???
• Go beyond yourself……

Going Green…Going Together…!!!

Eco-

• -efficienc

ncy of

• f c

com

• mpa

pany ny

1 2 3 4 5 6 2006 2007 2008 Year ar Eco co-effici ciency cy Material(MB/T) Energy(MB/MJ) Water(MB/cubic meter) Waste(MB/T)

Eco-

• -ef

efficienc ency of

• f s

suppl upply c cha hain

10 20 30 40 50 60 2006 2007 2008 Year ear Eco-

• -ef

efficienc ency Material Energy Water Waste

อย่าพูดว่ามีเวลาไม่ พอ เพราะเวลาที่ คุณมีมันก็ วันละยี่สิบสี่ชั่วโมง เท่าๆ กับที่ หลุยส์ ปาสเตอร์ , ไมเคิล แอนเจลโล , แม่ชี เทเรซา, ลีโอนาร์โด ดา วินชี, ทอมัส เจฟเฟอร์สัน หรืออัลเบิร์ต ไอสไตน์ เขามี นั่นเอง

Econom conomic En Enviro ronm nment ent Soci

• cial

Integrated Thinking For better quality of life For the next generation

• Asst. Dr. Kitikorn Charmondusit

Eco-Industry Research and Training Center Faculty of Environment and Resource Studies Mahidol University, Salaya, Nakornpathom Tel: 02-441-5000 ext. 1001 Cell Phone: 089-772-9891 E-mail: eco4industry@hotmail.com Website: www.en.mahidol.ac.th/EI

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