e le sc o pe fo r the E ffe c ts o f R a dia tio n ( CRa T R ) E - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Co smic Ray T

e le sc o pe fo r the

Effe c ts o f Ra dia tio n (CRa T E R)

Ra dia tio n De te c tio n a nd Do sime try Wo rksho p 7 April 2006

Ha rla n E . Spe nc e , , Bo sto n Unive rsity

• n b e ha lf o f the CRa T

E R Sc ie nc e T e a m

CRa T E R Sc ie nc e T e a m a nd K e y Pe rso nne l

Na me Na me Institution Institution Role Role Ha rla n E . Spe nc e BU PI L a rry Ke pko “ ” Co- I (E / PO, Ca l, IODA le a d) Justin C. Ka spe r MIT / BU Co- I (Proje c t Sc ie ntist)

• J. Be rna rd Bla ke

T he Ae rospa c e Corp Co- I (De te c tor le a d) Joe E . Ma zur “ ” Co- I (GCR/ SPE E nvironme nt le a d) L a rry T

• wnse nd

UT Knoxville Co- I (T ra nsport c ode mode ling le a d) Mic ha e l J. Golig htly AF RL Colla bora tor (Ra dia tion E ffe c ts le a d) T e rry G. Onsa g e r NOAA/ SE C Colla bora tor (CR me a sure me nts, Spa c e we a the r le a d)

Ric k F

• ste r

MI T / BU Pro je c t Ma na g e r Bo b Go e ke MI T Syste ms E ng ine e r Bria n K la tt “ ” Q&A Chris Swe e ne y BU I nstrume nt T e st L e a d

L una r Re c onna issa nc e Orbite r (L RO)

1st Ste p in the Ro b o tic L una r E xplo ra tio n Pro g ra m – L a unc h: Oc t 2008

Robotic Lunar Exploration Program Robotic Lunar Exploration Program

L RO Obje c tive s

• Cha ra c te riza tion of the luna r ra dia tion e nvironme nt,

biologic a l impac ts, and pote ntia l mitig a tion. Ke y a spe c ts of this obje c tive inc lude de te rmining the g loba l radia tion e nvironme nt, inve stig a ting the c a pabilitie s of pote ntia l shie lding ma te ria ls, a nd va lida ting de e p spac e ra dia tion prototype ha rdwa re a nd softwa re .

• De ve lo p a hig h re so lutio n g lo b a l, thre e dime nsio na l

g e o de tic g rid o f the Mo o n a nd pro vide the to po g ra phy ne c e ssa ry fo r se le c ting future la nding site s.

• Asse ss in de ta il the re so urc e s a nd e nviro nme nts o f

the Mo o n’ s po la r re g io ns.

• Hig h spa tia l re so lutio n a sse ssme nt o f the Mo o n’ s

surfa c e a ddre ssing e le me nta l c o mpo sitio n, mine ra lo g y, a nd Re g o lith c ha ra c te ristic s

L RO Missio n Ove rvie w: Orb ite r

L RO Instrume nts

• L

una r Orbite r L a se r Altime te r (L OL A) Me a sure me nt Inve stig a tion –

L OL A will de te rmine the g lo b al to po g ra phy o f the luna r surfa c e a t hig h re so lutio n, me a sure landing site slo pe s a nd se a rc h fo r po la r ic e s in sha do we d re g io ns.

• L

una r Re c onna issa nc e Orbite r Ca me ra (L ROC) – L

ROC will a c q uire ta rg e te d imag e s o f the luna r surfa c e c a pa ble o f re so lving small- sc a le fe a ture s tha t c o uld be la nding site ha za rds, a s we ll a s wide - a ng le imag e s a t multiple wave le ng ths o f the luna r po le s to do c ume nt c ha ng ing illumina tio n c o nditio ns a nd po te ntial re so urc e s.

• L

una r E xplora tion Ne utron De te c tor (L E ND) – L

E ND will ma p the flux

• f ne utro ns fro m the luna r surfa c e to se a rc h fo r e vide nc e o f wa te r

ic e a nd pro vide me a sure me nts o f the spa c e ra dia tio n e nviro nme nt whic h c a n b e use ful fo r future huma n e xplo ra tio n.

• Divine r

L una r Ra diome te r E xpe rime nt – Divine r will ma p the

te mpe ra ture o f the e ntire luna r surfa c e a t 300 me te r ho rizo ntal sc a le s to ide ntify c o ld-tra ps a nd po te ntial ic e de po sits.

• L

yma n- Alpha Ma pping Proje c t (L AMP) – L

AMP will o b se rve the e ntire luna r surfa c e in the fa r ultra vio le t. L AMP will se a rc h fo r surfa c e ic e s a nd fro sts in the po la r re g io ns a nd pro vide imag e s o f pe rma ne ntly sha do we d re g io ns illumina te d o nly b y sta rlig ht.

• Cosmic Ra y T

e le sc ope for the E ffe c ts of Ra dia tion (CRa T E R ) –

CRa T E R will inve stig a te the e ffe c t o f g alac tic c o smic ra ys o n tissue - e q uivale nt pla stic s a s a c o nstraint o n mo de ls o f bio lo g ic al re spo nse to b a c kg ro und spa c e ra dia tio n.

SOLAR ARRAY PROPULSION MODULE AVIONICS MODULE INSTRUMENT MODULE Mini-RF LOLA LAMP LROC CRaTER

LRO Preliminary Design

SOLAR ARRAY HGA PROPULSION MODULE AVIONICS MODULE INSTRUMENT MODULE Diviner LEND LAMP

Pre limina ry L RO Cha ra c te ristic s

Dry: 603 kg Ma ss 1317 kg F ue l: 714 kg Po we r 745 W Me a sure me nt Da ta Vo lume 575 Gb / da y

CRa T E R Sc ie nc e Me a sure me nt Co nc e pt

CRa T E R T e le sc o pe Co nfig ura tio n

Hig h L E T de te c to r L

• w L

E T de te c to r

Asse mb ly Sta c k o f CRa T E R T e le sc o pe

T e le sc o pe ho using T E P Ho using Na dir Ape rture Co ve r T E P L

• w L

E T De te c to rs De te c to r Ho using s Hig h L E T De te c to rs

CRa T E R Sc ie nc e Summa ry

CRa T E R’s e ne rg y spe c tra l ra ng e :

• 200 ke V to 100 Me V (low L

E T de te c tor c ha ins)

• 2 Me V to 1 Ge V (hig h L

E T de te c tor c ha ins)

• E

ne rg y re solution <0.5% (a t ma x e ne rg y); GF ~ 0.1 c m 2- sr T his c orre sponds to:

• L

E T fro m 0.2 ke V/ µ to 7 Me V/ µ (sto pping 1 Ge v/ nuc 56-F e )

• E

xc e lle nt spe c tra l o ve rla p in the 100 ke v/ µ ra ng e (ke y ra ng e fo r RBE s)

• GCR/ SE

P pa re nt spe c tra me a sure d b y o the r spa c e c ra ft

during missio n

• Bio lo g ic a l a sse ssme nt re q uire s no t inc ide nt CR spe c trum,

b ut line a l e ne rg y tra nsfe r (L

E T ) spe c tra be hind tissue - e quiva le nt ma te ria l

• L

E T spe c tra a re a n impo rta nt link, c urre ntly de rive d fro m mo de ls; e xpe rime nta l me a sure me nts re q uire d fo r c ritic a l g ro und truth – CRa T

E R will provide this ke y da ta produc t

CRa T E R Prima ry Sc ie nc e

• L

E T spe c tra c o nstruc te d fo r GCR/ SPEinde pe nde ntly, ze nith & nadir

• So rte d a c c o rding to luna r pha se , L

RO o rb it pha se , a nd luna r lo c a tio n

• Will e xplo re GCR fluc tuatio ns o n sho r

t time sc ale s (minute s to ho urs, o f

inte re st to L I SA missio n)

GCR SPE s Pre dic te d CRa T E R c o unting ra te s b a se d o n histo ric GCR (lo w le ve l, slo wly va rying ) a nd SPE (inte nse , ra pidly va rying )

• b se rva tio ns

CRaT E R will e xplo re rapid GCR variatio ns, disc o ve re d re c e ntly b y NASA/ Po lar HI ST (re sults pre se nte d last mo nth at L I S A me e ting in UK) L E T spe c tra so rte d a c c o rding to luna r pha se a nd o rb ita l po sitio ns

>80 Me V pro to ns

CRa T E R Se c o ndary Sc ie nc e – Muo n “L imb Brig hte ning ” thro ug h Spa lla tio n

Ma ximum sing le s de te c to r ra te s CRa T E R g e ts 100

100 kbits kbits/ se c / se c !!

Re c e nt CRa T E R Be a m Va lida tio n/ Mo de ling

Mode ling SRIM, GE ANT 4, BBF RAG, HE T C- HE DS, F L UKA, HZT RAN Be a m Va lida tion

12 Se pte mb e r 2005 De te c to r pro to type c ha ra c te riza tio n a t L

BNL88”

c yc lo tro n 22 Ja nua ry 2005 T E PT A re spo nse to p+’ s a t MGH pro to n a c c e le ra to r (10 - 230 Me V) 13 Ma rc h 2006 Pro to type de te c to r/ T E P c ha ra c te riza tio n a t L

BNL

(lig ht io ns) 27 Ma rc h 2006 T E PT A re spo nse to he a vy io ns a t BNL(56-F e , 0.3 & 1 Ge v/ n) – 4 ho urs o f b e a m time Ma y/ June 2006 E / M de te c to r te sting a t L

BNL

June 2006 E / M CRa T E R b e a m va lida tio n a t BNL(56-F e , 0.6 Ge V/ n) – 4 mo re ho urs o f b e a m time

F ra g me nta tio n o f 1 Ge V/ nuc F e in CRa T E R

E ve rything e lse o ut I ro n in

• Sta te -o f-the -a rt in-de ve lo pme nt physic s c o de s use d fo r mo st c o mple x

inte ra c tio ns (e ne rg e tic he a vy io ns) – the se a re c o de s tha t we ho pe CRa T E R da ta pro duc ts will ultima te ly impro ve

• HE

T C-HE DS & BBF

RAG (se e e xa mple b e lo w) use d to c o nstra in e xtre me s

• L

a b va lida tio n o f T E P te st a ppa ra tus a nd E / M unit in a va ila b le b e a ms

Be a m de g ra da tio n a fte r pa ssing thro ug h CRa T E R te le sc o pe Nuc le a r fra g me nta tio n yie lds sho we r o f e le me nts a fte r inc ide nt iro n io n

(c r: C. Z e itlin)

CRa T E R Be a m Runs a t L BNL a nd MGH

12 Se pte mb e r 2005 – L BNL 88” c yc lo tro n I

• n Be a m Run a t L

BNL Pro to type CRa T E R De te c to r fro m Mic ro n Se mic o nduc to r 22 Ja nua ry 2006 – MGH Pro to n Ra dia tio n T he ra py F a c ility Physic s Be a mline a t 230 Me V MGH Pro to n Ac c e le ra to r L uc ite b e a m sto p T E P T e st Appa ra tus SSDs & T E P

CRa T E R De sig n Va lida tio n: MGH Re sults

D1 D3

Pe a k e ne rg y de posit de c re a se s with inc re asing e ne rg y (Bra gg e ffe c t) Pe a k e ne rg y de posit inc re ase s dra ma tic a lly a fte r passing thru T E P (Be the - Bloc h e ffe c t)

D1 a nd D3 E ne rg y re sponse to 110- 230 Me V p+ Norma lize d Counting Ra te

L ine a r de te c tor re sponse s ove r br

• a d de posite d

e ne rg y ra ng e a g re e s with mode l pre dic tions to within a fe w pe rc e nt T E P thic kne ss infe rre d inde pe nde ntly from e ne rg y re sponse to be tte r tha n 0.01% (fe w mic rons out of ~10 c m) De posite d e ne rg y re sponse a t e ne rg ie s stra ddling Bra g g pe a k pe rmits e xquisite de sig n va lida tion/ ve rific a tion

CRa T E R Be a m Runs a t BNL / NSRL

26 Ma rc h 2006

Ve ry Pre limina ry CRa T E R BNL / NSRL “Re sults”

Se le c te d e ve nts in D4 ide ntifie d as inc ide nt iron ions throug h multiple c oinc ide nc e Iron?

E ne rg y de po site d (c ha n # ) in D4

2- D histogra m of a ll c oinc ide nt e ve nts be twe e n D1/ D4

Co unts in D4

H? He ? Othe r lowe r Z pe a ks?

E ne rg y de po site d in D4 (lo w L E T ) E ne rg y de po site d in D1 (hig h L E T )

D1 D2 T E P D3 D4

PRE L IMINARY, RAW DAT A! Wa rning Wa rning : Spe c ie s ide ntifie d mig ht a c tua lly be “Spuronium” (Sp)!

• Da ta pro duc ts a ll re la te d to

prima ry me a sure me nt: L E T in six silic o n de te c to rs e mb e dde d within T E P te le sc o pe

• CRa T

E R L 0L 4 da ta pro duc ts de sc rib e d in ta b le

• Additio na l use r-mo tiva te d da ta pro duc ts mig ht inc lude : “Surfa c e ”, “T

issue ”, a nd “De e p T issue ” Do se Ra te s (se e ne xt slide a b o ut JSC’ s SRAG da ta re q ue st)

• Ca lc ula te d L

E T spe c tra in e a c h de te c to r, using b e st a va ila b le GCR e nviro nme nt spe c ific a tio n a nd o ne o r mo re tra nspo rt c o de s. Ca lc ula tio n do ne with no a prio ri kno wle dg e o f me a sure me nts – a stra ig htfo rwa rd, q uic k- lo o k "pre dic tio n" using b e st a va ila b le mo de ling c a pa b ility.

• NOT

E : Onb o a rd sing le s ra te s in CRa T E R T / M c a n b e use d b y o the r instrume nts to ide ntify hig h ra te c o nditio ns fo r po ssib le sa fing (se e in MRD-133, "T he flig ht so ftwa re sha ll suppo rt mo nito ring o f a ny te le me try po int a nd initia te sto re d c o mma nd in re spo nse to pre -de fine d c o nditio ns". ) CRa T E R to use this fe a ture fo r a uto no mo us re c o nfig ura tio n during SE P e ve nts.

CRa T E R Da ta Pro duc ts

E SMD/ SRAG Use r I nte re st in CRa T E R Da ta

Ma nne d side of E SMD e xpre sse d inte re st in dire c t, e a rly a c c e ss to CRa T

E R da ta during the L e ve l 1 re q uire me nts re visio n a ppro va l me e ting a t HQ in e a rly Ja nua ry 2006 – no c lo sure ye t

JSC Spa c e Ra dia tion Ana lysis Group (SRAG) – o ng o ing disc ussio ns sinc e 10/ 05 VSE

Wo rksho p; Ne e d to disc uss de ta ils o f the ir ne e ds/ re q uire me nts/ de sire me nts SRAG wa nts re a l da ta e xpe rie nc e in o pe ra tio na lly suppo rting ma nne d luna r missio ns; CRa T E R is a hig hly re le va nt instrume nt o f inte re st a t Mo o n Me a sure me nts fro m Cle me ntine do sime te r sho w tha t luna r ra dia tio n e nviro nme nt is no t a c c ura te ly re pre se nte d b y GOE S da ta (i.e ., c a n’ t b o o tstra p fro m ne a r-E a rth e nviro nme nt) SRAG’ s ma in inte re st is “re a l-time ” (R/ T ) da ta during SE Ps; a lso inte re ste d in GCR (b ut no t in R/ T ? )

At a minimum SRAG wa nts following CRa T E R da ta:

• inte g ra te d c o unt ra te o nc e pe r o rb it fo r a t le a st the D1 a nd D2 de te c to rs in R/ T

. By R/ T the y me a n within so me sho rt time (minute s to te ns o f minute s) o f c o mple tio n o f a n o rb it.

Additiona l de sire d CRa T E R da ta inc lude s:

• te mpo ra lly re so lve d (~o nc e pe r minute ) c o unt ra te s, dumpe d o nc e pe r o rb it, fo r a t le a st the

D1 a nd D2 de te c to rs;

• inte g ra te d de po site d e ne rg y (i.e ., do se ) o nc e pe r o rb it fo r a t le a st D1 a nd D2 de te c to rs;
• te mpo ra lly re so lve d (~o nc e pe r minute ) de po site d e ne rg y (i.e ., do se ), dumpe d o nc e pe r
• rb it, fo r a t le a st D1 a nd D2 de te c to rs; a nd
• c umula tive L

E T spe c tra o nc e pe r o rb it fo r a t le a st D1 a nd D2 de te c to rs. Po ssib le da ta flo w pla n:

• da ta se nt fro m the L

RO MOC to JSC MCC

• CRa T

E R supplie s SRAG with c a lib ra tio n va lue s to c o nve rt fro m L 0 da ta to do se a nd L E T Pro po se d me e ting with SRAG pe rso nne l with CRa T E R te a m a t Spa c e We a the r We e k in la te April

We b pa g e s c o nsta ntly in de ve lo pme nt a t:

c ra te r.bu.e du c ra te r.bu.e du

(sc ie nc e site )

sne bulos.mit.e du sne bulos.mit.e du/ proje c ts/ c ra te r / proje c ts/ c ra te r

(e ng ine e ring site )

Spa c e Ra dia tio n “Do sime te r o n A Chip”

• W. R. Cra in, Jr, D. J. Ma b ry, a nd J. B. Bla ke

Spa c e Sc ie nc e Applic a tio ns L a b o ra to ry T he Ae ro spa c e Co rpo ra tio n

Adva nc e d Do sime te r E vo lutio n

+

MCM pa c ka g e ASI C He rita g e Dosime te r Box- le ve l De sig n

5.5” x 7” x 1.9” (73 in3) 1.6 lb s 1.0 Wa tts @ 28V Dig ita l inte rfa c e to ho st Mo de ra te ho st a c c o mmo da tio n

Adva nc e d Dosime te r De vic e - le ve l de sig n

1.5” x 1.5” x 0.3” (0.67 in3) < 0.1 lb s < 0.28 Wa tts @ 28V T he rmisto r-type inte rfa c e Minima l ho st a c c o mmo da tio n

1st Adva nc e d Do sime te r Re sult

• Apo g e e 36,000 fe e t
• Pe rig e e 10 fa tho ms o f se a wa te r

Adva nc e d Ra dia tio n Do sime te r-o n-a -Chip

Proje c t Obje c tive : De ve lop ve ry sma ll, spa c e flig ht de vic e s to monitor tota l ra dia tion dose to spa c e c ra ft. De sc ription: Approa c h: Provide monitoring in re a l time

• f ra dia tion dose using

house ke e ping le ve l spa c e c ra ft re sourc e s. E na ble the use of ma ny dosime te rs to provide dose a t a ll c ritic a l loc a tions. Ke y Mile stone s:

• Dosime te r te st a t L

BL 88 (Ma r 06)

• L

RO/ CRa T E R mission a g re e me nt

• E

nha nc e d ASIC fa bric a tion a nd te st

• E

nha nc e d dosime te r fa bric a tion

Do sASI C Ve rsio n 5 L a yo ut

Charge Amp Front-End Dose Integrator Dose Quantizer Output Stage

• Pa rtic le e ne rg y-ra te a ppro a c h g ive s a c c ura te a nd

re pe a ta b le me a sure me nts –Sing le e ne rg y de po sit fro m 50 ke V to 10 Me V –Do se ra te s fro m 1 µRa d/ se c . to 10 mRa d/ se c . –20 µRa d re so lutio n

DETECTOR QUANTIZER ANALOG

INTEGRATOR

ANALOG SWITCH FRONT END 40 BIT COUNTER DAC DAC DAC DAC DAC ENERGY DISCRIM. ADJUSTABLE ENERGY THRESHOLD ADJUSTABLE DOSE THRESHOLD RANGE 1 BLEED RANGE 2 RANGE 3 RANGE 4 RANGE 5

8 8 8 8 8

Gated Recycling Integrator Low Noise Front End Dose Memory and Interface

DETECTOR QUANTIZER ANALOG

INTEGRATOR

ANALOG SWITCH FRONT END 40 BIT COUNTER DAC DAC DAC DAC DAC ENERGY DISCRIM. ADJUSTABLE ENERGY THRESHOLD ADJUSTABLE DOSE THRESHOLD RANGE 1 BLEED RANGE 2 RANGE 3 RANGE 4 RANGE 5

8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8

Gated Recycling Integrator Low Noise Front End Dose Memory and Interface

Re sults to da te : 1 o f 2

• Ve rsio n 5 ASI

C te sting c o mple te d in F Y05 re sulte d in de ve lo pme nt o f a ne w inte g ra to r a rc hite c ture fo r impro ve d ra dia tio n do se me a sure me nt in V6 c hip

Dose Efficiency

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 10 100 1000 10000 Energy (KeV) % V5 V6 sim

Pr e liminar y V06 Simulatio n Re sults

I mpro ve me nts

• 1. Sha rpe r

T hre sho ld

• 2. T

e mpe ra ture Sta b le

• 3. No tuning

re q uire d

Re sults to da te : 2 o f 2

Re so urc e Go a l Ac tua l Co mme nt We ig ht 45 g 20 g 1.0”x1.5”x0.3” 390 mW I nte rfa c e Ana lo g T e mp Ana lo g T e mp As pla nne d $2,500 Ma rg in fo r shie lding Size 1.5”x1.5”x0.3 ” I n-spe c b ut c o uld b e sma lle r Po we r @ 28V 280 mW Dia g no stic fe a ture s a c c o unt fo r ha lf o f g ro wth Re c . Co sts $5,000 No t inc luding sc re e ning

De mo nstra te d e nd-to -e nd func tio na l pe rfo rma nc e using Am241 a lpha so urc e (F Y06) Othe r me a sure me nts

Mile sto ne s a nd Pro g re ss Re po rt

• Asse mb le d 5 a dva nc e d do sime te r de vic e s (F

Y05) a nd c o mple te d initia l e le c tric a l a nd func tio na l pe rfo rma nc e te sts (No v 05)

• T

wo pa te nt a pplic a tio ns sub mitte d (Ja n 06) – S/ C ra dia tio n do sime te r de vic e – Ra dia tio n do sime te r syste m fo r wide a re a to ta l do se pro filing

• I

nte rfa c e a g re e me nt in pla c e fo r ride -o f-o ppo rtunity o n NASA/ L RO CRa T E R missio n (Ja n 06)

• Do sime te r te st a t L

a wre nc e Be rke le y L a b (Ma rc h 06) – Co mpa re thre e do sime te r de vic e re sults with la b o ra to ry do sime te rs o n sa me pro to n b e a m

• Sub mit v.6 ASI

C de sig n with e nha nc e me nts (July 06)

• T

a rg e t ra dha rd pro c e ss re le a se (Oc to b e r 06)

Ba c kup Slide s T

• the Mo o n, Alic e !

T ha nk yo u, a ll.

Competitively Selected LRO Instruments Provide Broad Benefits

1000’s of 50cm/pixel images (125km2), and entire Moon at 100m in UV, Visible ~50m scale polar topography at < 1m vertical, roughness

Hydrogen content in and neutron radiation maps from upper 1m of Moon at 5km scales, Rad > 10 MeV

Maps of frosts in permanently shadowed areas, etc. 300m scale maps of Temperature, surface ice, rocks Tissue equivalent response to radiation

Measurement

Resource evaluation, impact flux and crustal evolution Safe landing sites through hazard identification; some resource identification

LROC

Geological evolution

• f the solar system by

geodetic topography Safe landing site selection, and enhanced surface navigation (3D)

LOLA

Improved understanding of volatiles in the solar system - source, history, migration and deposition Locate potential water- ice in lunar soil and enhanced crew safety

LEND

Locate potential water- ice (as frosts) on the surface

LAMP

Determines conditions for systems operability and water-ice location

Diviner

Radiation conditions that influence life beyond Earth Safe, lighter weight space vehicles that protect humans

CRaTER Science Benefit Exploration Benefit INSTRUMENT

1000’s of 50cm/pixel images (125km2), and entire Moon at 100m in UV, Visible ~50m scale polar topography at < 1m vertical, roughness

Hydrogen content in and neutron radiation maps from upper 1m of Moon at 5km scales, Rad > 10 MeV

Maps of frosts in permanently shadowed areas, etc. 300m scale maps of Temperature, surface ice, rocks Tissue equivalent response to radiation

Measurement

Resource evaluation, impact flux and crustal evolution Safe landing sites through hazard identification; some resource identification

LROC

Geological evolution

• f the solar system by

geodetic topography Safe landing site selection, and enhanced surface navigation (3D)

LOLA

Improved understanding of volatiles in the solar system - source, history, migration and deposition Locate potential water- ice in lunar soil and enhanced crew safety

LEND

Locate potential water- ice (as frosts) on the surface

LAMP

Determines conditions for systems operability and water-ice location

Diviner

Radiation conditions that influence life beyond Earth Safe, lighter weight space vehicles that protect humans

CRaTER Science Benefit Exploration Benefit INSTRUMENT

(BU+MIT)

Cosmic Ray Telescope for the Effects of Radiation

(UCLA)

(SWRI) Lyman-Alpha Mapping Project (Russia) Lunar Exploration Neutron Detector (GSFC) Lunar Orbiter Laser Altimeter (NWU+MSSS) Lunar Recon Orbiter Camera

Science/Measurement Overview Science/Measurement Overview

CRaTER Objectives: “To characterize the global lunar radiation environment and its biological impacts.” “…to address the prime LRO objective and to answer key questions required for enabling the next phase of human exploration in our solar

• system. ”

CRaTER CRaTER Traceability Matrix Traceability Matrix

Current energy spectral range:

• 200 keV to 100 MeV (low LET); and
• 2 MeV to 1 GeV (high LET)

This corresponds to:

• a range of LET from 0.2 keV/µ to 7 MeV/ µ (stopping 1 Gev/nuc Fe-56)
• good spectral overlap in the 100 kev/µ range (key range for RBEs)

E ng ine e ring Sta tus Re po rt

• Mino r de sig n mo dific a tio ns pre -

I

• PDR to o ptimize sc ie nc e (5 de t.,

3 T E P c o nfig ura tio n is no w a 6 de t., 2 T E P c o nfig ura tio n)

• Pro to type de te c to rs pro c ure d

fro m flig ht ve ndo r, te sting b e g a n in Se pte mb e r 2005;

• Pe rfo rma nc e q ue stio n a t PDR

fully re so lve d (it wa s a b e a m, no t de te c to r, “fe a ture ”)

• F

irst b a tc h o f E / M de te c to rs (pro c ure d using “flig ht rule s”) to a rrive in April ‘ 06 (se c o nd b a tc h no la te r tha n June ‘ 06)

• CRa T

E R te le sc o pe simula to r te ste d a nd de sig n va lida te d

• Go a l to pe rfo rm e nd-to -e nd

te st o f E / M in a b e a m b e fo re June ’ 06 CDR still a c hie va b le

Ra pid pro to type mo de l o f CRa T E R T e le sc o pe Asse mb ly, Re v 3 (o r so …) 16 Ja nua ry 2006