DYADIC MANAGEMENT PRESENTATION August 2016 (OTCQX: DYAI) Safe - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
DYADIC MANAGEMENT PRESENTATION August 2016 (OTCQX: DYAI) Safe - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
DYADIC MANAGEMENT PRESENTATION August 2016 (OTCQX: DYAI) Safe Harbor Statement Certain statements contained in this presentation are forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties that could cause
Certain statements contained in this presentation are forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties that could cause Dyadic’s actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Except as required by law, Dyadic expressly disclaims any intent
- r obligation to update any forward-looking statements.
Safe Harbor Statement
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Strategic Opportunity
Dyadic (OTC: DYAI) is a global biotechnology company producing enzymes and proteins using a proprietary expression system based on the Myceliopthora thermophila fungus (“C1”)
Commercial use of the C1 platform technology in industrial biotechnology culminated in DuPont’s acquisition of Dyadic’s Industrial Biotech business (12/31/2015) for $75 million
Market capitalization: $50.9 million(1)
Net cash: $62.6 million(2)
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No debt
Leadership team with a successful track record
The Company
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(1) As of August 11, 2016. Share count represents 36.1 million common shares outstanding. (2) As of June 30, 2016. Reflects $0 debt balance. (i) includes investment grade bonds, but (ii) excludes ~$7.4 million held in escrow from DuPont Transaction with expected release in July 2017
The C1 platform technology is a hyper-productive fungal expression system used to develop & manufacture large quantities of desired proteins at industrial scale more affordably
The C1 platform technology is proven and has been applied in the industrials sector by multiple market leaders:
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DuPont
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BASF
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Abengoa
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Codexis/Shell
Active biopharmaceutical partnerships with Sanofi Pasteur and ZAPI
Excellent safety profile
Dyadic retains exclusive sub-license rights to the C1 platform technology in biopharmaceutical indications
The Technology
Potential to remove a critical bottleneck in protein development and manufacturing processes
–
Allows for rapid scaling
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Significantly lower CapEx and OpEx
Potential to improve therapeutic vaccine and drug performance
Dyadic is seeking partnerships to sub-license, or partner its C1 platform technology in the vaccine, antibody and biosimilar industries
The Opportunity
Dyadic Target Markets
The C1 platform technology has the potential speed the development, decrease the CapEx & OpEx, improve therapeutic vaccine and drug performance, and lower the cost of manufacturing biologic vaccines and drugs
Global biological drug market to be $287B by 2020(3) Global vaccine market to be $100B by 2025(1) Biosimilar market to be $26B by 2020(4) Global insulin market to be $42B by 2019(2)
Recombinant Vaccines (Human and Veterinary) Biosimilars / Biobetters (non-Gly) Biosimilars / Biobetters (Gly) Novel Biologic Products
(1) World Health Organization. (2) Human Insulin Market - Drugs Type, Brands, Delivery Devices, Applications - Forecasts to 2020. (3) Global Market Study on Biological Drugs: North America to Witness Highest Growth By 2020. (4) World Biosimilars Market (follow-on-biologics) Opportunities, and Forecast, 2014-2020.
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C1 Platform Technology - Commercially Proven
C1 platform technology used by industry giants in areas such as ethanol and industrial enzyme production and vaccine development
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Note: Refer to pages 37 and 38 for additional details on commercial applications of C1.
Acquired by
Vaccine Applications
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$1.6B $2.2B $0.0 $0.5 $1.0 $1.5 $2.0 $2.5 $3.0 2011 2018
The Vaccines Market Opportunity
The vaccine market has increased from $5B in 2000 to almost $32B in 2014
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Influenza vaccine market: estimated to grow from $2.9B in 2011 to $3.8B by 2018
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Need for better patient immunization and lower cost
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US: $1.6B in 2011 to $2.2B in 2018
Global market projected to rise to $100B by 2025
There are more than 120 new products in the development pipeline
60 products are of importance for developing countries
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Vaccines are becoming an engine for both the human and animal pharmaceutical industry
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Changing status of vaccines within the pharmaceutical industry 7
U.S. Vaccine Market Global Vaccine Market
$32B $100B $0 $20 $40 $60 $80 $100 $120 2014 2025
Source: World Health Organization.
Winding Up Of Sanofi Vaccine Collaboration
Sanofi Pasteur is one of the largest vaccine companies in the world
Entered into a Proof of Concept, Exclusive Option & Technology Transfer Agreement (March, 2011) to evaluate Dyadic’s C1 technology to speed up the development & production of vaccines at a lower cost.
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Research conducted on and off over 5 ½ years, partially funded by Sanofi
Project Results
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Successfully demonstrated that the C1 technology is capable of producing vaccines at high levels, with the potential to improve therapeutic vaccine performance.
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Initial C1 produced antigen showed an equal or better immune response in mice trials than the existing antigen
Expected Project Benefits
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We believe that the experience and knowledge obtained from the research is invaluable and expect it will generate a greater interest in the C1 technology for developing and manufacturing biologic vaccines
Sanofi’s prior option rights to the C1 technology previously covered by the Agreement revert back to Dyadic. Upon such reversion, Dyadic expects to leverage the knowledge gained, and the progress made from the meaningful improvements to the C1 expression system across all biologic vaccine and drug indications.
R&D collaboration terminated by Sanofi, expected to end October 5, 2016
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ZAPI – New €22 Million Vaccine R&D Program
Program sponsored by the EU to develop a platform suitable for the rapid development and production of vaccines and protocols to fast-track registration of developed products to combat epidemic zoonotic diseases that have the potential to effect the human population
Dyadic Nederland’s, B.V. is using C1 to express vaccines and neutralizing agents which if such research is successful we anticipate the C1 platform technology may be chosen as a preferred platform within the ZAPI research project
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Two of the objectives we hope to attain through the ZAPI funded research project are as follows:
- Additional examples of vaccines and neutralizing reagents against emerging pathogens expressed from C1
- C1 produced proteins regulatory pathway identified, and carried out at least in part, through collaborative
partnerships between human and veterinary medical institutions, governmental regulatory agencies, expert academic groups and industrial partners
ZAPI is a multi year project which full results may not be known for 3-4 years
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Additional Proof of Concept: Animal & Human Vaccines
- Leveraging the knowledge gained, and the progress made from the meaningful
improvements to the C1 expression system from the Sanofi collaboration across a variety
- f biologic vaccine indications.
- Further demonstrate high level productivity, with the potential to improve therapeutic
vaccine performance for both animal & human vaccines.
- In discussions with leading Animal Health companies interested in evaluating C1
- Seek additional funding from industry and government
- Potentially initiate internally funded research & development programs
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Initiated small animal vaccine research program
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Biologics Applications
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Biologics Market Summary
In 2014, biologics accounted for 21% of total global spending on medicines
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Biologic spending are expected to grow at 10.1% CAGR until 2020 to $287B
The global biosimilar market is growing due to the need for lower cost biologics
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$1.9B market in 2014 is expected to reach $25.5B by 2020, growing at an impressive CAGR of 54.4%
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Increasingly greater drug pricing pressures along with competition for biosimilars is expected to reduce drug pricing by 45% or more
Biologics are the fastest growing drug segment
Source: Global Biosimilar Market Outlook 2020.
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New technologies like C1 provide the pharmaceutical industry with a way to insure patient access and affordability to biologic drugs while helping the industry maintain profitability
C1 has the potential to:
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Lower the costs of biologics
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Help bring new and improved biologics to market
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Help to overcome protein expression challenges of potential biologics stuck in R&D
Expect to begin research project with a big pharma company, beginning Q4 to express antibodies
In various stages of discussions with other biotech & pharma companies
Global pharmaceutical sales (US$ billion, list price, ex. rebates and discounts)
2014 2004 930 519 21% 79% 13% 87% 8%
Case Study: Generic Humira
Dyadic produced biologically-active monoclonal antibodies in C1
Heavy chain Light chain
Source: Peter Punt, TNO.
Expression was achieved of both heavy and light chains
Heterodimeric antibody molecules were formed efficiently, allowing simple purification of the protein from the culture fluid using Protein A
Cell-based bio-assays performed revealed almost complete bioactivity
Production levels of 2 g/L reached after 4 days in fermenter
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Case Study: Generic Humira (Cont.)
Protease deficient strains were developed to improve the stability of expressed heterologous proteins
State of the art molecular engineering methods based
- n computational biology will enable us to eliminate
specific proteases to stabilize biologic proteins
Low Cellulase with Low Protease Activity
Protease
C1(wt)
10 20 30 40 20 40 60 80 100 time (h) peptide bonds (mmol)
C1 WT
UV18-25#100f
10 20 30 40 20 40 60 80 100 time (h) peptide bonds (mmol)
C1 Δ proteases
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Case Study: Generic Humira (Cont.)
In vitro stability of heavy chain against C1 fermentation culture filtrates
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4 8 24 Single deletion 4 8 24 Triple deletion Hrs: ΔproA ΔproA, ΔproB, ΔproC
2016 -
- Develop C1 platform
technology as an expression host for:
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Vaccines
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Biosimilars
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New products
The 20-year Evolution of C1 Platform Technology
1992
- Discovered C1
wild type strain which naturally produced neutral cellulase enzymes
Wild type
1995 - 1996
- Mutation led to
development of high cellulase C1 strain with unique morphology
- Commercial
launch of C1 enzymes for textile industry
1st breakthrough
1997 - 2007
- Developed molecular
toolkit for optimizing C1-based recombinant protein production for commercialization
- Produced variety of
commercial products using the C1 strains
- Successfully expressed
human therapeutic proteins in C1
- High throughput robotic
screening developed and patented
Development
2005 - 2015
- Sequenced and
annotated the C1 genome
- Developed low
cellulase C1 strain, enabling the commercial production of “purer enzymes
- Hyper
productivity reached 100 g/l with ~ 80% purity
2nd breakthrough
2009 - 2015
- Developed
comprehensive enzyme library
- Produced first
commercial product using low cellulase C1
- GRAS status
acknowledged by FDA
- Developed HC strains
for biofuel enzyme production
- Hyper productivity
reached 100 g/l with ~ 80% purity
C1 for bio- industrial
2016 - 2018
- Develop robust high C1
host strain for biopharmaceutical applications
- Develop versatile easy
to use construct library based on system biology
- Develop glyco-
engineered C1 strain to resemble human protein-glycosylation structure
Future development C1 for biologic drugs and vaccines 16
1992 1995 1997 2005 2009 2016
C1 Platform Technology
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C1 Platform Technology Overview
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Mature system for production of heterologous proteins
Excellent safety profile
Fully programmable, patented technology
C1 genome annotated
Platform
Low cost, commercially scalable fermentation at up to 500,000 liter scale
High purity and yield, 100+ grams per liter
No animal-derived ingredients used in media
Short development and fermentation times
Serves as both a research and production host
Production
Potential to generate improved immune response in vaccines
Favorable glycoprofile can be modified to become ‘human neutral’ to lessen immunogenicity
Potential to improve therapeutic vaccine and drug performance
Product
World Class Productivity and Purity
Synthetic biology start-ups – large and small – struggle with the reality of scaling up microscopic cellular factories into profitable business models
Dyadic’s patented and proprietary C1 platform technology is being used to produce biological products at very high yields, low cost and in large commercial fermenters
Two serendipitous mutations led to the creation of the world class C1 platform technology
High yields, high purity, low cost at industry leading scale
Over 100 grams per liter protein
Up to 80% of target protein has been achieved
Commercially produced enzymes in a single 500,000 liter fermenter
100 g/L 80% purity 500,000 liter scale
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C1 Platform Technology Advantages
Grows and expresses proteins over a wide range of pH levels and temperatures
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Allows gene expression under conditions optimal for the activity and stability of a wide range of targets
Integrated gene expression system increases the likelihood of successful expression
C1 platform technology offers many advantages over current expression systems
Bacterial Fungal Mammalian E.coli Saccharomyces Pichia C1 CHO Cost low low low low high Growth rate high high high high low Culture media and conditions simple simple simple simple complex Post-translational modifications no some some some yes
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In the same amount of time, Dyadic’s C1 platform technology is expected to produce up to 20 times the g/L compared to CHO cells(1) ~CHO Cell Yield 2-10 g/L(2) C1 Industrial Yield (Actual) C1 Biopharmaceutical Yield (Expected in 2-3 years) 12-15 days 10-20 g/L 20-40 g/L 80 g/L 160 g/L 5-7 days 5-7 days (1) C1 has a single cycle fermentation time of approximately 5-7 days compared to CHO single cycle fermentation time of 12-15 days. (2) Range based on approximate yield of Lonza and ThermoFisher CHO cell line expression systems. 5-7 days 5-7 days
Indicative Savings for Biosimilars with C1
C1 productivity provides the potential to dramatically lower CapEx
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C1 CHO
(1) Represents lower range of yield. Refer to page 15 for additional details. 500 100 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500
2-10 G/L 20-40 G/L
DEVELOPMENT COSTS ($ MILLIONS)
YIELD
(1)
10,000L fermenter reduced to a 1,000L fermenter
Capital investment required to build launch capacity Factory with launch capacity must be built 24 months before FDA approval,
- r very costly CMO
FDA license easier for small factory
Additional costs beyond factory investment related to clinical trials ($300mm), regulatory ($10mm), and initial marketing ($20mm) would still be required to complete the full product development
C1 strain non-toxic
Pathogenicity and toxigenicity data: strain is non- infectious and no known toxins are produced
Peer-reviewed scientific literature have confirmed — No known pathogencity
No mycotoxins found
C1 enzyme testing
In vivo feeding trials:
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14 day dose study in rats
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13 week subchronic rat study
Genotoxicity testing:
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AMES bacterial mutagenesis
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Chromosomal aberration test
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Genetic mutation test
No adverse effects observed
No foreign DNA
Safety confirmed
C1 Has an Excellent Safety Profile
C1-cellulase accepted by FDA on September 29, 2009
GRAS notification letter is a public statement by FDA acknowledging Dyadic’s safety determination for the intended uses of C1
GRAS notification letters are broadly recognized in the food and consumer products industries as the safety standard
Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) status acknowledged by the FDA
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First Breakthrough: Morphology Change
Development lineage of low viscosity hyper-producing protein C1 strains
Propagules instead of hyphae results in hyper productivity and low viscosity
NG7C-19 HC Viscosity Protein yield
Viscosity (cP) 100 200 300 400 500 Protein (g/L) 20 40 60 80 100
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C1 UV13-6 HC NG7C-19
UV mutagenesis UV mutagenesis NTG* mutagenesis Wild-type Cellulase over producer De-repressed cellulase production High cellulase, low viscosity mycelial fragmentation
The Low Cellulase Strain for Protein Production
Development high productivity low protease activity of host strains for specific proteins productions low cellulase prt- with specific protease disruption Protease deficient strain De-repressed cellulase production
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C1 White Strain 2.0
Expression of high levels of purer proteins
Second Breakthrough: High Purity
Dyadic’s C1 White Strain 2.0 successfully used in production of single and multiple proteins derived from fungal, bacteria, bacterial- directed evolution, mammalian, human and viral strains
Reduction of background proteins that are not needed
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Obtain purer protein
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Higher levels of targeted protein
The C1 White Strain 2.0 is fermented at large commercial scale
WT LC HC
C1 strain types C1 “White Strain” 2.0 has a very different protein background than the C1 Wild Type Strains
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C1 HC
C1 Engineering Next Steps
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C1 Genetics Tools
Dyadic’s advanced genetic toolkit allows for sophisticated manipulation of C1 strain
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Dyadic Toolbox
Precise Gene Targeting Marker Recycling Genome Sequencing Gene Replacement Promoter Replacement Gene Deletion Screening
Gene 1 Optimizing codon usage
Libraries of efficient strong promoter
Libraries of TF and signal peptides and / or carrier proteins
Protease activity reduction
Low Cellulase Strain
Adjustment of post- translational modification
Computational biology for
Low Cellulase Expression Technology
Advanced genetic manipulation methodologies enable rapid and efficient cloning of heterologous genes
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Rapid Screening
Microtiter plate-based C1 fermentation utilizes the same protein in the development process as is used to commercialize the product, saving time by eliminating the necessity to convert the development protein
Chromosome NotI NotI NotI NotI C BamHI BamHI hTEL Pcbh Tcbh pyrG insert AmpR pyrE hTEL NotI NotI B A BamHI pPinsT pyrE tel pyrG Not I pyrE hTEL I-CeuI hTEL pyrG Pcbh insert DNA Tcbh AmpR BamHI Not I Chromosome NotI NotI NotI NotI C BamHI BamHI hTEL Pcbh Tcbh pyrG insert AmpR pyrE hTEL NotI NotI B A BamHI pPinsT pyrE tel pyrG Not I pyrE hTEL I-CeuI hTEL pyrG Pcbh insert DNA Tcbh AmpR BamHI Not I2 months 4 months 6 months Screening
29
Library construction Transformation Identification of high protein producers Rescreening
8 months
Fermentation Hit verification
C1 Glycans
C1 glycans resemble human structure which results in less time and effort required to re-engineer cells compared to yeast
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G0 N-acetylglucosamine Mannose Fucose Galactose Sialic acid G1 Important in ADCC deleted forms have 10-100x higher potency 1 or 3 additional mannose may be added
G0: simplest structure that is human and yet still fully functional - “human neutral”
Terminal sialic acid not necessary
Glycoengineering C1 Cells
C1 glycoengineering for biosimilars and biobetters applications
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Development Timeline
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Vaccines Development
(in process)
Non- Glycosylated Biosimilars
(in process)
Glycosylated Biosimilars Strain glycoengineering mAbs development New Biologic Drugs NDP platform development
H1 H2 H3 H4 H5 H6 H7 H8
Vaccines development Vaccines CMC & registrations POC for NGPs NGPs CMC & registrations Other molecules expressions NDP development
32
Conclusion: Commercially Proven
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Validated by industry giants Excellent safety profile Utilizing the same cell line saves time as well as increases the probability of cultivating a successful commercial process Potential to produce up to 20 times the g/L per day compared to CHO Significant capital and
- perating expense savings
Potential to improve therapeutic vaccine and drug performance Toolkit already developed to allow for sophisticated genetic modifications to C1 strains Experienced management team Dyadic’s C1 platform technology, a hyper productive cell line, programmable and commercially scalable
Appendix
34
Vice President and Chief Financial Officer since 2014
Management Consultant 2012 to 2014
Finance Officer at Walgreens 2007 to 2011
Director of Finance at Novartis 2005 to 2006
Finance Director Abbott Laboratories 1984 to 2002
B.S. in Accounting, University of Illinois, CPA Illinois
Chairman of Dyadic since 2015
Former Chairman of Keryx Biopharmaceuticals from 2009 to 2016
Senior Vice President at Pfizer from 1989 to 2007
M.B.A. from New York University
Dyadic Leadership
President and Chief Executive Officer from 1979 to 2007, 2008 to present
Founder of Dyadic and member of Dyadic’s board of directors since 1979
Chairman from 1979 to 2007, 2008 to 2015
B.A. degree from the University of Iowa
Mark Emalfarb
President and Chief Executive Officer
Michael Tarnok
Chairman of the Board
Thomas Dubinski
Chief Financial Officer
Ronen Tchelet
VP of Research and Business Development
Vice President of Research and Business Development since 2014
Vice President at Codexis. Founder and Managing Director of Codexis Laboratories Hungary from 2008 to 2014
Chief Technology Officer of API at Teva Pharmaceuticals from 2000 to 2007
Ph.D. in Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology from Tel Aviv University
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Arindam Bose
Board Member
Board Member at Dyadic since 2016
Vice President of Bio Therapeutics Pharmaceutical Sciences External Affairs and Biosimilars Strategy at Pfizer 2010 to March, 2016
Executive Director of Human Biologics Strategy & Sourcing at Pfizer 2003 to 2009
Director of Human Biologicals at Pfizer 2000 to 2003
Senior Technical Advisor of Human Biologicals at Pfizer 1997 to 2000
Manager of Bioprocess Development at Pfizer 1991 to 1997
- Ph. D. in chemical engineering from Purdue University and a M.S. in chemical
engineering from the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
Moscow State University
Scientific Collaboration
Dyadic has a history of strong scientific collaborations
36
Enzyme Development Genome Annotation C1 Strain Development, Optimization
- Development programs for gene expression, gene knock outs and gene
discovery (low protease C1 strains and C1 molecular toolkit)
- Performed annotation of the C1 genome, allowing identification of key
metabolic functions that influence expression and glycosylation
- Isolation, discovery and characterization of the enzymes expressed by the
wild type and mutants of the C1 fungus
Fermentation, Process Development, Optimization
- Development, scale up and commercial scale production of enzymes and
- ther proteins utilizing the C1 platform technology
DuPont Sale is a Transformational Event for Dyadic
The market acceptance and commercial use of the C1 platform technology in industrial biotechnology applications has been recognized by industry leading companies which culminated in DuPont’s acquisition of Dyadic’s Industrial Biotech business for $75 million
Dyadic will leverage over two decades of experience in industrial biotechnology and technological advances in synthetic biology, genomics and biotechnology to pursue opportunities for using the C1 platform technology for biopharmaceutical applications
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Vaccines
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Biosimilars / biobetters
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Novel biologic drugs
Sanofi Pasteur and the EU-funded ZAPI program are examples of industry and governmental funded research programs utilizing Dyadic’s C1 platform technology in biopharmaceuticals
–
Sanofi R&D collaboration utilizes C1 platform technology to speed up the development and production of new vaccines at a lower cost with potentially better immunogenicity
- Five plus year collaboration winding up Oct 2016
–
ZAPI program uses C1 platform technology to develop a platform suitable for the rapid development and production of vaccines and protocols to combat epidemic Zoonotic diseases
Dyadic has recently initiated internally-funded R&D programs to demonstrate the production of insulin and ranibizumab
Dyadic will commence C1 glycoengineering to manufacture antibodies such as Enbrel and Humira
37
Collaborator
- Dyadic licensed C1 to Abengoa on a non-exclusive basis
- Abengoa funded a research project at Dyadic in order to develop a C1 strain to convert biomass into
sugars for industrial applications in certain territories
- Dyadic granted Abengoa expanded rights to the original non-exclusive C1 license, granting ,among
- ther rights a worldwide territory
- ADM acted as a toll manufacturer for Abengoa, producing enzymes at 500,000 liter scale for use in
Abengoa’s 20 million gallon cellulosic ethanol plant in Hugoton, Kansas
- Antibioticos acted as a toll manufacturer for Abengoa, producing enzymes at 50,000 liter scale for
use in Abengoa’s cellulosic ethanol pilot plant in Salamanca, Spain
- Dyadic granted a non-exclusive C1 license to BASF to develop, produce, distribute and sell
industrial enzymes
- BASF funded a research project at Dyadic Nederland's former R&D facility using the C1 platform
technology
- Dyadic granted a non-exclusive C1 license to Codexis to develop and manufacture cellulosic and
hemicellulosic enzymes for bioethanol and bio-based chemical production
- The Codexis C1 license allowed for a sub-license to Shell who funded ~$400 million to Codexis for
further advancing & developing C1
- Dyadic sold its Industrial Technology business, including the C1 platform technology to DuPont for
$75 million in cash
- DuPont has granted back to Dyadic co-exclusive rights to the C1 platform technology for use in
pharmaceutical applications, with exclusive ability to enter into sub-license agreements in that field
- DuPont will retain certain rights to utilize the C1 platform technology for development and production
- f pharmaceutical products, for which it will make royalty payments to Dyadic upon
commercialization
C1 Platform Technology - Commercially Proven
C1 in use by industry giants
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C1 Platform Technology - Commercially Proven (Cont.)
C1 used by industry giants
Acquired by
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Collaborator
- Iogen in its collaboration with Shell through Codexis, developed a large commercial scale
fermentation process and manufactured at 150,000 liter scale cellulosic and hemicellulosic enzymes to convert biomass into sugars for bioethanol production
- Martek acted as a toll manufacturer for Dyadic’s industrial biotech business, producing a variety of
different enzymes at 150,000 liter scale which Dyadic sold to over 35 countries for various industrial enzyme applications
- Polfa Tarchomin acted as a toll manufacturer for Dyadic’s industrial biotech business, producing a
variety of different enzymes at 50,000 liter scale which Dyadic sold to over 35 countries for various industrial enzyme applications
- Sanofi Pasteur and Dyadic entered into a vaccine research collaboration where Sanofi Pasteur has
funded collaborative activities at Dyadic Nederland's former R&D facility using the C1 platform technology
- Data generated by Sanofi Pasteur indicates that the C1 produced antigen generated an equal, or
better, immune response in mice than the industry standard antigen
- Shell in conjunction with the Codexis’ non-exclusive C1 license funded Codexis with ~$400 million to
develop and manufacture cellulosic and hemicellulosic enzymes based on and manufactured by C1 to convert biomass into sugars for bioethanol and biobased chemical production.