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HYDROGEOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF AQUIFERS AND BOREHOLE PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT FOR RURAL WATER SUPPLY IN SOUTHERN PART OF STATE KADUNA, NW NIGERIA Dr. M.O. Eduvie Dr. J.A. Otun Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Centre, Dept. of Water

SLIDE 1

HYDROGEOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF AQUIFERS AND BOREHOLE PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT FOR RURAL WATER SUPPLY IN SOUTHERN PART OF STATE KADUNA, NW NIGERIA

6th Rural Water Supply Network Forum 2011 Uganda

Dr. M.O. Eduvie

Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Centre,

National Water Resources Institute Kaduna Nigeria

Dr. J.A. Otun
Dept. of Water Resources Engineering,

Ahmadu Bello University Zaria Nigeria

SLIDE 2

Introduction

The importance of groundwater as a water supply

source to the socioeconomic development of any nation is tremendous

– GW is the only viable source of water in many remote villages where development of surface water is not economically viable.

Some difficulties experienced in its exploration and

exploitation in the basement areas where aquifers are both isolated and compartmentalized

Exploration programme now requires the use of

multi-disciplinary approach involving, geological and hydro-geological mapping, geophysical investigations.

6th Rural Water Supply Network Forum 2011 Uganda

SLIDE 3

Study Approach

Conceptually, locating productive boreholes in

areas with inadequate hydrogeological information is usually difficult and very tasking.

A multidisciplinary approach was used to study

and characterize the aquifer parameters and evaluate the groundwater potentials of the crystalline basement of the study area in Kaduna State.

6th Rural Water Supply Network Forum 2011 Uganda

SLIDE 4

Multi-Disciplinary Approach

Preliminary hydrogeological assessment:

– Used to describe and understand the salient hydrogeological features of its dominant rock types

Hydrological review

– as it affects the groundwater availability, – in addition to surface geophysical surveys (using the electromagnetic (EM) and resistivity techniques), well water level measurements, borehole drilling and pumping tests and water quality analysis that were carried out.

Spatial Mapping and Interpretations:

Mapping of obtained superimposed data to produce several hydro- geological maps that are best considered to be valuable for interpretation and management of the entire ground water resources

f the study area.

6th Rural Water Supply Network Forum 2011 Uganda

SLIDE 5

Assessment of Hydrogeological Characteristics:

Geological and Hydrogeological Mapping:

Set of hydrogroundwater configuration maps were constructed by the superimposition method and the corresponding hydrogeological cross section drawn.

Geophysical survey: Electromagnetic (EM)

method used for some traversing, the resistivity method using Wenner array was also employed.

– Vertical electrical soundings were conducted in promising zones identified after profiling

6th Rural Water Supply Network Forum 2011 Uganda

SLIDE 6

Geological and structural map of the study area

6th Rural Water Supply Network Forum 2011 Uganda

SLIDE 7

Groundwater Configuration Map of the study area

6th Rural Water Supply Network Forum 2011 Uganda

SLIDE 8

Hydrological cross section of NE-SW line

6th Rural Water Supply Network Forum 2011 Uganda

SLIDE 9

Geophysical Investigations: Typical EM responses in the study area

6th Rural Water Supply Network Forum 2011 Uganda

SLIDE 10

Findings

6th Rural Water Supply Network Forum 2011 Uganda

Two geophysical survey techniques employed

proved effective in determining the regolith aquifers in terms of thickness of water saturated zone with subsurface layering ranging from 3-5 layers.

Characterization of borehole parameters within the

study area : – Borehole yields (7.2-302.4 m3/day), – Aquifer transmissivity (0.359-101 m2/day) and – Hydraulic conductivity (0.03 -10.9m/day)

Obtained database helped in constructing hydro-

geological maps

SLIDE 11

Conclusions

6th Rural Water Supply Network Forum 2011 Uganda

The study through its multi-disciplinary

approach showed the high groundwater potentials of the basement complex area of Southern parts of Kaduna State of Nigeria.

It derives quantum of hydrogeological

information databases which were non- available before the study:

– Preparation of hydrogeological maps – Borehole logging database, – Water quality analysis and database, – Well reviews and pre-drilling geophysical investigations;

SLIDE 12

Conclusions

6th Rural Water Supply Network Forum 2011 Uganda

With the quantum of hydrogeological

information databases derived from several multi-disciplinary analysis carried out the entire groundwater resources in the study area is certainly poised and optimised for effective rural water supply;

Understanding these hydrogeological

HYDROGEOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF AQUIFERS AND BOREHOLE PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT FOR RURAL WATER SUPPLY IN SOUTHERN PART OF STATE KADUNA, NW NIGERIA

National Water Resources Institute Kaduna Nigeria

Introduction

source to the socioeconomic development of any nation is tremendous

– GW is the only viable source of water in many remote villages where development of surface water is not economically viable.

exploitation in the basement areas where aquifers are both isolated and compartmentalized

multi-disciplinary approach involving, geological and hydro-geological mapping, geophysical investigations.

Study Approach

areas with inadequate hydrogeological information is usually difficult and very tasking.

and characterize the aquifer parameters and evaluate the groundwater potentials of the crystalline basement of the study area in Kaduna State.

Multi-Disciplinary Approach

– Used to describe and understand the salient hydrogeological features of its dominant rock types

– as it affects the groundwater availability, – in addition to surface geophysical surveys (using the electromagnetic (EM) and resistivity techniques), well water level measurements, borehole drilling and pumping tests and water quality analysis that were carried out.

Mapping of obtained superimposed data to produce several hydro- geological maps that are best considered to be valuable for interpretation and management of the entire ground water resources

Assessment of Hydrogeological Characteristics:

Set of hydrogroundwater configuration maps were constructed by the superimposition method and the corresponding hydrogeological cross section drawn.

method used for some traversing, the resistivity method using Wenner array was also employed.

– Vertical electrical soundings were conducted in promising zones identified after profiling

Geological and structural map of the study area

Groundwater Configuration Map of the study area

Hydrological cross section of NE-SW line

Geophysical Investigations: Typical EM responses in the study area

Findings

proved effective in determining the regolith aquifers in terms of thickness of water saturated zone with subsurface layering ranging from 3-5 layers.

study area : – Borehole yields (7.2-302.4 m3/day), – Aquifer transmissivity (0.359-101 m2/day) and – Hydraulic conductivity (0.03 -10.9m/day)

geological maps

Conclusions

approach showed the high groundwater potentials of the basement complex area of Southern parts of Kaduna State of Nigeria.

information databases which were non- available before the study:

– Preparation of hydrogeological maps – Borehole logging database, – Water quality analysis and database, – Well reviews and pre-drilling geophysical investigations;

Conclusions

information databases derived from several multi-disciplinary analysis carried out the entire groundwater resources in the study area is certainly poised and optimised for effective rural water supply;

characteristics of the weathered/fractured aquifers in this study area is essential for sound borehole design, construction and management.