Domain-Specific Engineering of Domain-Specific Languages Rapha el - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Domain-Specific Engineering of Domain-Specific Languages Rapha el - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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context and problem our example DSL foundations constructing DSLs from model to artifact our example... conclusion Domain-Specific Engineering of Domain-Specific Languages Rapha el Mannadiar and , Hans Vangheluwe McGill

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Domain-Specific Engineering of Domain-Specific Languages

†Rapha¨

el Mannadiar and †,‡Hans Vangheluwe

†McGill University, Canada and ‡University of Antwerp, Belgium

October 18th @ DSM 2010

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1 context and problem 2 our example 3 DSL foundations 4 constructing DSLs 5 from model to artifact 6 our example... 7 conclusion

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1 context and problem 2 our example 3 DSL foundations 4 constructing DSLs 5 from model to artifact 6 our example... 7 conclusion

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why do domain-specific modelling (DSM)? problem and solution domains are often far apart

mapping problems to solutions manually is difficult, slow and

error-prone

DSM enables the modelling of problems instead of solutions and automates the mapping between them

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how does it work?

past UML-to-code efforts only succeeded in generating partial

applications

how can complete artifacts be generated from

domain-specific models (DSms)?

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how does it work?

past UML-to-code efforts only succeeded in generating partial

applications

how can complete artifacts be generated from

domain-specific models (DSms)? restricting modelling language expressiveness to a narrow

domain is the key to giving models unambiguous semantics

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DSM for DSM?

DSL designers (i.e., DSM experts) design models of languages (e.g., using UML) and their mappings to the solution domain (e.g., code generators) using UML?! but you just said... and doesn’t DSM automate that mapping and deliver complete artifacts to modellers?

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DSM for DSM?

DSL designers (i.e., DSM experts) design models of languages (e.g., using UML) and their mappings to the solution domain (e.g., code generators) using UML?! but you just said... and doesn’t DSM automate that mapping and deliver complete artifacts to modellers? so couldn’t it be used to deliver complete artifacts to DSL

designers as well?

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  • ur solution, in a nutshell

we propose an approach to domain-specific language (DSL)

design that builds on DSM principles by providing dsl designers

with constructs specific to their domain (i.e., the domain of all DSLs) which enables the automatic generation of

DSm-to-artifact semantic mappings

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phoneapps, a DSL for mobile applications

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from DSm to mobile application

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from DSm to mobile application

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from DSm to mobile application

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from DSm to mobile application

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from DSm to mobile application

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1 context and problem 2 our example 3 DSL foundations 4 constructing DSLs 5 from model to artifact 6 our example... 7 conclusion

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DSLs 101

a DSL has three components

abstract syntax

language concepts and relationships + constraints that encode domain rules

concrete syntax(es)

graphical and/or textual representations of abstract syntax elements

semantics

compilers and/or interpreters that define the meaning of instance models in the language

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DSLs 101

a DSL has three components

abstract syntax

language concepts and relationships + constraints that encode domain rules

concrete syntax(es)

graphical and/or textual representations of abstract syntax elements

semantics

compilers and/or interpreters that define the meaning of instance models in the language DSL abstract syntax is commonly specified and communicated via UML class diagrams DSL semantics are commonly specified as code generators or model transformations

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claims and questions

  • ur approach is based on two claims

any conceivable DSL is a combination of a finite set

  • f lower level formalisms

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claims and questions

  • ur approach is based on two claims

any conceivable DSL is a combination of a finite set

  • f lower level formalisms

which formalisms form this basis for DSL design? how can DSLs be defined in terms of these base formalisms?

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claims and questions... knowing how base formalisms are combined to form a given DSL is sufficient to construct its full semantics

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claims and questions... knowing how base formalisms are combined to form a given DSL is sufficient to construct its full semantics how can artifacts be generated from instance models of these

DSLs without manually defined DSL semantics?

how can semantic transformations be generated from

a DSL definition?

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base formalisms

statecharts

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base formalisms

statecharts petri nets

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base formalisms

statecharts petri nets causal block diagrams

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base formalisms...

layout

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base formalisms...

layout action code

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base formalisms...

  • ur basis is a work in progress

so far, we can use it to model DSLs that arbitrarily combine determinism and non-determinism states and transitions discrete and continuous flow user interfaces api calls and code-based escape semantics

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semantic templates

we need domain-specific concepts to be related to base

formalisms tightly enough to enable automatic generation of DSL-to-base-formalism transformations

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semantic templates

we need domain-specific concepts to be related to base

formalisms tightly enough to enable automatic generation of DSL-to-base-formalism transformations

we introduce semantic templates (STs) as “interfaces” to base formalisms each base formalism “exposes” a set of STs that encode

the unambiguous mapping of arbitrary domain-specific

concepts onto concepts from the given base formalism.

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a statechart ST

Steps transition to Steps

Steps become children of Statechart.State Steps can be connected via Statechart.Transition edges a set of such connected Steps can be projected onto a statechart

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a generic ST

Actions and Screens are types of Steps

Actions and Screens become children of Steps they can now also be connected via Statechart.Transition edges

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a generic ST

Actions and Screens are types of Steps

Actions and Screens become children of Steps they can now also be connected via Statechart.Transition edges

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semantic templates...

so what exactly can we infer from a set of STs?

1 how to construct an internal UML class diagram of a DSL

(abstract syntax)

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semantic templates...

so what exactly can we infer from a set of STs?

1 how to construct an internal UML class diagram of a DSL

(abstract syntax)

2 how to map a DSm onto base formalism instance models

(semantics)

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divided and conquered

artifact synthesis now consists in automatically generating

1 base formalism instances fi from the DSm 2 desired artifacts ai (e.g., Java code) for each fi

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divided and conquered

artifact synthesis now consists in automatically generating

1 base formalism instances fi from the DSm 2 desired artifacts ai (e.g., Java code) for each fi

it no longer falls upon the DSL designer to manually define the mapping of hand-picked portions of DSms onto lower level formalisms

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divided, conquered, and reunited artifacts ai might need to interact

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divided, conquered, and reunited artifacts ai might need to interact how?

we push the idea of “interfaces to base formalisms” base formalisms are now described by STs and i/o events a new generic ST enables inter-artifact event mapping

  • n event e1, produce event e2

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divided, conquered, and reunited...

remember that Screens and Actions are Statechart.States entering a Screen should display it, entering an Action should launch it we want to map statechart events to Action Code and Layout events...

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divided, conquered, and reunited...

remember that Screens and Actions are Statechart.States entering a Screen should display it, entering an Action should launch it we want to map statechart events to Action Code and Layout events...

  • n event enteredState:s, produce event drawCanvas:s
  • n event enteredState:s, produce event runCode:s

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beneath the phoneapps DSL

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beneath a phoneapps DSm

generated artifact(s) for each base formalism interaction via events

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context and problem

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conclusion

  • ur solution, in a nutshell

we proposed a novel approach to defining DSLs based on the

combination of base formalisms that capture commonly

recurring DSL features domain-specific concepts are unambiguously mapped onto base formalisms via semantic templates given “base formalism to target artifact” transformations, DSms can be transformed to the said target artifacts without the DSL

designer having to manually define the semantic mapping

  • ur approach brings DSM to DSM

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conclusion

questions?

thank you!

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