Cost-Benefit Analysis for the Design of Personal Knowledge - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Cost-Benefit Analysis for the Design of Personal Knowledge Management Systems r e k c e b A s a e r d n A d n a d e i . f z @ r k e c b e a , e . d z i @ f l k e e l o v 16.06.2008 / ICEIS 2008 @
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l k e l @ f z i . d e , a b e c k e r @ f z i . d e
a n d A n d r e a s A b e c k e r
16.06.2008 / ICEIS 2008 @ Barcelona, Spain.
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This presentation is not intended to replace the paper. Get these slides from http://pubs.xam.de
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Personal Knowledge Management (PKM)
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The most important contribution
century was to increase manual worker productivity fifty-fold. The most important contribution
century will be to increase knowledge worker productivity – hopefully by the same
The methods, however, are totally different from those that increased the productivity of manual workers.
Peter F. Drucker, 1958
5 Today: Communication of Men and Machines
6 Today: Communication of Men and Machines
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Corporate KM System
Emphasis on
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Emphasis on
Corporate KM System
Personal KM System
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help individuals take responsibility for what they know and who they know.
enterprise-wide strategic decision to actively manage knowledge through a range of processes, tools and people.
European Guide to good Practice in Knowledge Management, EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR
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– talk, chat
– create, write
– collect, copy & paste
– search, read
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Internalisation E x t e r n a l i s a t i
Combination Socialisation
12 Re-Use of Knowledge Increases Productivity
Thomas H. Davenport Thinking for a Living: How to Get Better Performance and Results from Knowledge Workers Verlag: Mcgraw-Hill Professional (1. November 2005), ISBN-10: 1591394236
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Internalisation Externalisation Combination Combination
Note-taking is communication with yourself
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Personal KM is always gambling: Will I ever need this knowledge again? In what context? Is it cheaper to re-create the knowledge? CC < CE + CR What value will it have? How much effort is it worth to
structure and formalize? B > CE + CE
Should I try to search my PKM system now?
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Creation
Based on: Marc E. Nissen, 2006, WM Potsdam
(Organise, Formalize, Refine) Externalisation Retrieval (search own + others) Usage (Share)
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Working Knowledge: How Organizations Manage What They Know Thomas H. Davenport und Laurence Prusak, 1998, Mcgraw-Hill Professional, S. 142
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Ontology Editor Sticky Note (Protégé) (PostItTM)
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Ontology Editor Sticky Notes (Protégé) (PostItTM)
Which system would you prefer for full-text search, aggregate queries, re-use (e.g. copy&paste) ?
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– Conversion of KI between applications – Between communication partners
(email, documents, WWW)
(email, documents, WWW)
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PKM OKM
Degree of structuredness/ explictness/ form ality
undetailled, rough, brief,
detailed, exact, comprehensible, shared language
Recipient Me ( now ) Others, which I know well General public Others, no familiar with the topic Me ( later) Me ( 2 years later) Others, familiar with the topic
Original idea: M. Boettger, 2005, PKM and ``cues to knowledge''
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costs Degree of strucuredness + formality internalisation
(e.g. time to read and understand)
total
there might be a sw eet spot for the total costs
externalisation
– we assume the effort has some effects
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Unified Knowledge Model (UKM) Definition: A knowledge item I is the smallest
unit of content in the UKM. A knowledge item is either
something between a single word up to a sentence, or
(I x I x I ) between other knowledge items
Aggregate queries and sem antic queries ( reasoning) can retrieve m ore know ledge than put in!
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– A set of knowledge items x created – A set of tasks t performed Gain G = Benefit - Costs
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– Time needed to re-create the knowledge? – The value of knowledge does not exist as such (Iske and Boekhoff, 2002)
Change of value in the world resulting from
the action taken because of the knowledge
In practice: knowledge item has value 1 or 0
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– Create a knowledge item
– Create links between KI
– Split one KI into several smaller, connected KIs e.g. format text into pragraphs, headlines; mark something in bold
– Assign formal type to KIs – Assign formal semantics to links
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– Proportional to number of added symbols
– Varies with semantic consequences of statement (changes in a type hierarchy require more thinking time than putting a note in a folder)
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Information Retrieval Process (Bates 2002):
– Cost of formulating a query
– Cost of evaluating a result
– Cost of use proportional to size – The only process step that can bring value
number of items retrieved by query Precision of search (probability an item has value= 1) Results: text or form al statem ents
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queries can save a lot of time
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– Granularity (size) of knowledge items – Degree of formality
then at the team/enterprise/community
decrease costs of knowledge management
requires more semantics
Tool for Semantic PKM, see http://cds.xam.de
Get these slides from http: / / pubs.xam.de THANK YOU.
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Organisational KM Personal KM
Perspective Enterprise, top-down Individual, bottom-up Changes Fluctuation of employees Change of employer Goal Increase productivity Degree of Formality explicit („publication“) informal („note“) Context Job Job and private